Matenda a atherosclerosis ndi matenda omwe mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita kumtima imachepa pang'onopang'ono ndipo imatsekedwa ndi mafuta ambiri. Matendawa akakula kwambiri, angayambitse kupweteka pachifuwa komanso kuvutika kupuma. Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo choyamba cha matendawa ndi mankhwala. Koma nthawi zina, mankhwala okha sangalamulire vutoli. Pazochitika zotere, madokotala amasankha kuchita zinazake, ndiko kuti, chithandizo chovuta pang'ono. Lero tikambirana za mankhwala awiri akuluakulu otere.
Njira yoyamba: Angioplasty ndi Stenting
Imeneyi ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mwachidule, ikuphatikizapo kutsegula mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa kuchokera mkati. Momwe imachitikira ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri.
Choyamba, dokotalayo adzayesa X-ray yapadera yotchedwa ``Coronary Angiogram.`` Izi zingathandize kuona komwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mitsempha yamagazi mumtima komwe kwatsekeka. Kenako, chubu choonda kwambiri (catheter) chimadutsa mumtsempha waukulu wamagazi womwe uli m'dzanja kapena mwendo kupita ku mtsempha wotsekeka womwe uli mumtima. Izi zimachitika mosamala kwambiri.
Kenako, madzi apadera (utoto) amalowetsedwa kudzera mu chubu ichi. Madzi awa amaonekera bwino pa X-ray screen, kotero malo enieni omwe atsekedwa amatha kuwoneka. Tsopano ntchito yeniyeni ikuyamba.
Baluni yaying'ono yomwe ili kumapeto kwa chubu imadzazidwa ndi mpweya pamalo pomwe pali kutsekeka. Izi zimatsegula mtsempha wopapatiza komanso wopapatiza ndipo zimathandiza kuti magazi abwerere mwakale. Nthawi zambiri, baluni ikadzazidwa ndi mpweya ndipo mtsemphawo utatsegulidwa, chubu chaching'ono cha maukonde chimayikidwa kuti chitsekocho chisatsekenso. Ndicho chimene timachitcha ``stent.'' Stent iyi ili ngati kasupe amene amaikidwa mkati mwa chitoliro, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mtsemphawo ukhale wotseguka.
Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa ululu wa pachifuwa (`Angina`) komanso kutsegula mwachangu mtsempha wotsekeka panthawi ya matenda a mtima. Ili ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha mavuto, ndipo mutha kuchira mwachangu ndikubwerera kunyumba tsiku limodzi lokha.
Njira yachiwiri: Opaleshoni ya Coronary Bypass
Iyi ndi ntchito yaikulu pang'ono. Mawu akuti ``Bypass`` amatanthauza "msewu wozungulira". Chinthu chofanana ndi ichi chikuchitika apa. Tangoganizirani kuti pali magalimoto ambiri pamsewu, ndipo palibe magalimoto omwe akuyenda. Kenako chomwe timachita ndikumanga msewu watsopano, msewu wa m'mbali, kuti tidutse msewu wodutsa magalimotowo. Ndicho chomwe chimachitika mu ntchito yodutsa magalimoto.
Dokotala akutenga gawo la mtsempha wamagazi wathanzi kuchokera ku mwendo wanu, mkono, kapena khoma la pachifuwa.Amachitenga. Kenako, amagwiritsa ntchito chubu chimenecho kuti adutse mtsempha wotsekeka mumtima ndikupangitsa magazi kuyenda m'njira yatsopano. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, amalumikiza chubu chatsopanochi pamwamba ndi pansi pa kutsekeka. Kenako magazi amayenda m'njira yatsopanoyi m'malo modutsa m'dera lotsekeka.
Madokotala amatcha izi "Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting" kapena "CABG" mwachidule. Anthu athu amatchanso "opaleshoni ya kabichi" m'chinenero chawo cholankhulirana.
Opaleshoni yodutsa m'chifuwa imapereka mpumulo waukulu ku ululu wa pachifuwa. Ingathandizenso kutalikitsa moyo wa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga kapena omwe ali ndi mitsempha yotsekeka kwambiri.
Koma kumbukirani, iyi ndi opaleshoni yaikulu. Motero, zingatenge milungu, ngakhale miyezi, kuti zichiritsidwe. Komabe, opaleshoni yamakono ya bypass yomwe ingathe kuchitidwa ndi mabala ang'onoang'ono ikufufuzidwa pakadali pano.
Stent? Bypass? Ndi iti yabwino kwa inu?
Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti, "Kodi opaleshoni yopatsirana ndi stenting kapena bypass ndi yabwino kwa ine?" Palibe yankho losavuta. Chisankho chimenecho chimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo vuto lanu, kuchuluka kwa mitsempha yotsekeka, ndi mtundu wake. Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri wopanga chisankho chimenecho. Tiyeni tiyerekeze zabwino ndi zoyipa za njira ziwirizi.
| Kuganizira | Kupaka stenting | Opaleshoni ya Bypass (CABG) |
|---|---|---|
| Moyo umakhala wautali ngati njira zambiri zotsekeka | Palibe umboni womveka bwino wosonyeza kuti imawonjezera moyo. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito poletsa zizindikiro. | Zabwino kwambiri. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti zimawonjezera moyo wa anthu omwe ali ndi mitsempha yotsekeka kwambiri. |
| Kuchepetsa ululu pachifuwa (Angina) | Imalamulira ululu bwino kwambiri, koma ululuwo ukhoza kubwereranso pakapita nthawi. | Imalamulira ululu bwino kwambiri ndipo imatha kupereka mpumulo kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa ma stents. |
| Pakachitika ngozi (kudwala mtima) | Ndi yabwino kwambiri. Itha kuchitika mu mphindi zochepa, kotero mutha kupewa zoopsa ndi nthawi yochira chifukwa cha opaleshoni yayikulu. | Sizigwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pakakhala zadzidzidzi. Zimafuna nthawi yambiri komanso kukonzekera. |
| Nthawi yochira | Ndi nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Mwina mungapite kunyumba patatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. | Zimatenga nthawi. Zingatenge milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo kuti munthu achire bwino. |
Njira zina zochotsera atherectomy
Kawirikawiri, pali njira zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera pa stent kapena bypasses. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa mafuta omwe ali mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi.
- Kuchotsa Mafupa Ozungulira: Chida chokhala ndi nsonga ya diamondi chimazunguliridwa ndi liwiro lalikulu, ndikuphwanya mafuta olimba.
- Kuchotsa Mafupa Opaleshoni Yolunjika: Tsamba lozungulira limadula mafuta, limatengera zidutswazo mu catheter, ndikuzichotsa m'thupi.
Ngakhale njira zimenezi zikumveka bwino, sizigwira ntchito bwino ngati ma stent kapena ma bypasses. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mitsempha yamagazi pang'ono musanayike stent.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mutalandira chithandizo? Tiyeni tiyambenso moyo!
Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Kumbukirani, chifukwa chakuti muli ndi stent kapena bypass, sizimaletsa matenda a atherosclerosis. Zimangochotsa kutsekeka kwakukulu komwe kulipo. Izi zitha kuchitikanso m'mitsempha ina.
Chifukwa chake, mukalandira chithandizo chotere, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuposa kale. Ndikofunikira kusintha moyo wanu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga momwe dokotala wanenera.
Mankhwala ofunika kwambiri
Kawirikawiri, dokotala akamaliza chithandizo chamtunduwu, amakulemberani mankhwala angapo kuti mumwe tsiku lililonse.
- Mankhwala a mtundu wa statin: Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi.
- Aspirin: Amaletsa magazi kuundana.
- Mankhwala monga Clopidogrel, Prasugrel, Ticagrelor: Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana. Makamaka kwa munthu amene anaikidwapo stent, mankhwala awa angafunike kumwedwa kwa mwezi umodzi mpaka chaka chimodzi.
- Mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi: makamaka mankhwala monga `(Beta-blockers)` ndi `(ACE inhibitors)`.
Zizolowezi zofunika kukhala nazo
- Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita maseŵero olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku, masiku osachepera asanu pa sabata. Ngakhale kuyenda ndi bwino.
- Zakudya zabwino: Idyani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zosachepera 5 patsiku. Chepetsani mafuta, mchere, ndi shuga.
- Pewani kusuta konse: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Ngati mukusuta, palibe njira iliyonse yothandizira imeneyi yomwe ingagwire ntchito bwino.
Mukamaliza chithandizochi, mudzamva ngati muli ndi moyo watsopano. Zizolowezi zimenezi zidzakuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wachimwemwe.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a atherosclerosis ndi matenda a nthawi yayitali. Mankhwala opangidwa ndi stent kapena bypass amangochotsa kutsekeka kwakukulu komwe kwachitika kale, koma sachiza matendawa kwathunthu.
- Dokotala wanu adzasankha ngati stent kapena bypass ndi yabwino kwa inu, kutengera zinthu monga thanzi lanu, kuchuluka kwa kutsekeka, komanso kufunikira kwachangu.
- Pambuyo pa chithandizo chilichonse, ndikofunikira kusintha moyo wanu ndikumwa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa monga momwe mwalangizidwira kuti mupewe mavuto amtsogolo.
- Ngati muli ndi nkhawa kapena kukayikira kulikonse, nthawi zonse kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu , m'malo mopanga zisankho nokha. Musasiye kapena kusintha mankhwala popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
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