Tiyeni tiphunzire za opaleshoni ya Triple Bypass m'njira yosavuta.

Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha dokotala wanu akakuuzani kuti wachibale wanu kapena mnzanu akufunika opaleshoni ya bypass. Makamaka mukamva mawu akuti "triple bypass," mantha amenewo amatha kukhala aakulu kwambiri. "Kodi triple bypass ndi chiopsezo chachikulu?" "Kodi ndidzatha kukhala bwino pambuyo pa izi?" Mwina muli ndi mafunso ambiri m'maganizo mwanu. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikambirane za izi m'njira yosavuta komanso yomveka bwino kuti tithetse nkhawa zonse zomwe muli nazo pankhaniyi.

Kodi opaleshoni ya 'triple bypass' ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Njira yabwino yomvetsetsera izi ndi kuganizira za kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu. Tangoganizani kuti pali misewu itatu ikuluikulu komwe magalimoto onse amatsekeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magalimoto ambiri azichulukirachulukira. Kotero simungathe kufika komwe mukufuna kupita mwachangu. Kodi timachita chiyani panthawiyi? Timagwiritsa ntchito misewu yodutsa kuti tipewe kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, eti?

Opaleshoni iyi ndi yomweyi. Mitsempha ikuluikulu yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima mwathu (mitsempha ya coronary) imatsekedwa ndi mafuta ndi cholesterol (zomwe timazitcha kuti `plaque`). Mu opaleshoni ya `triple bypass`, njira zitatu zatsopano zimapangidwa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino, kudutsa madera atatu otsekedwawa.

Kuti achite izi, madokotala amatenga mtsempha wamagazi wathanzi kuchokera ku gawo lina la thupi lanu (nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku mwendo wanu, mkono, kapena pachifuwa) ndikuwuyika, ngati 'bypass' yatsopano, kuzungulira malo otsekedwa mumtima mwanu. Izi zimathandiza minofu ya mtima kulandira magazi popanda chopinga chilichonse. Opaleshoni iyi imatchedwa `Coronary Artery Bypass Graft` kapena `CABG`.

Ndani akulangizidwa kuti achite opaleshoni iyi?

Opaleshoni iyi nthawi zambiri imafunika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima . Si aliyense, koma kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda enaake.

• Ngati pali kutsekeka kwakukulu m'mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mitsempha yayikulu yakumanzere yoposa 50% kapena mitsempha ina yoposa 70% ya nthambi yatsekedwa.
• Ngati kutsekeka kumeneku kumayambitsa zizindikiro zofala monga kupweteka pachifuwa (angina) ndi kuvutika kupuma .
• Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala matenda a mtima.
• Ngati kutsekekako kuli kovuta kwambiri kapena kwakukulu kuti kuchiritsidwe ndi chithandizo chosavulaza kwambiri monga angioplasty (njira yomwe baluni imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa mtsempha wamagazi ndikuyika stent),

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike komanso ikachitika?

Pambuyo posankha tsiku loti muchitidwe opaleshoni, dokotala wanu adzakulamulani kuti muyesedwe kangapo kuti muwone bwino momwe mulili.

Mudzalangizidwa kuti musamadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kuyambira pakati pausiku usiku usanachitike opaleshoni yanu. Mungafunikenso kusiya kumwa mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, kwa masiku angapo.

Pa nthawi ya opaleshoni

Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ngati 'opaleshoni yotsegula mtima' . Mumagonedwa mokwanira ndipo opaleshoniyo imayamba. Dokotalayo amaduladula moyimirira pafupifupi mainchesi 1.5 pansi pa chifuwa chanu, ndikugawa mosamala fupa lapakati la chifuwa chanu (sternum) pakati, ndikufikira pamtima. Kenako, monga tafotokozera kale, mtsempha wamagazi wathanzi womwe umatengedwa kuchokera ku mwendo wanu kapena gawo lina la thupi lanu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga njira yatsopano yozungulira kutsekeka. Njira yonseyi nthawi zambiri imatenga pakati pa maola 3 ndi 6 .

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni? Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?

Mukachita opaleshoni, mudzasungidwa m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa tsiku limodzi, komwe mudzayang'aniridwa bwino. Panthawiyi, mudzakhala ndi chubu mkamwa mwanu kuti chikuthandizeni kupuma, chubu chotulutsa madzi m'thupi lanu, ndi makina owunikira zinthu monga kugunda kwa mtima wanu ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Musachite mantha ndi zinthu izi, zonsezi ndi zinthu zachibadwa zomwe zimachitika kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Mudzatha kubwerera ku chipatala chachikulu pakatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Muthanso kuyamba kuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Mukabwerera kunyumba, zingatenge milungu 6 kapena kuposerapo kuti muchiritse bwino. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu panthawiyi.

• Kuyendetsa Galimoto: Pewani kuyendetsa galimoto mpaka sternum yanu itatha (pafupifupi milungu 6).
• Kunyamula zinthu zolemera: Musanyamule chilichonse cholemera kuposa makilogalamu 4-5 (mwachitsanzo, botolo la madzi la malita 5).
• Mankhwala: Mankhwala monga `Aspirin`, omwe amaperekedwa kuti ateteze magazi kuundana, angafunike kumwedwa moyo wonse. Mankhwala ena ayenera kumwedwa monga momwe dokotala wanenera.
• Kubwezeretsa Mtima: Mudzalangizidwanso kuti muchite masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso maphunziro a moyo wanu motsogozedwa ndi madokotala kuti mulimbitse mtima wanu mukatha opaleshoni. Izi ndizofunikira.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pa opaleshoniyi?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni yaikulu iliyonse, pali zoopsa. Komabe, anthu opitilira 95% omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni ya bypass samakhala ndi mavuto aakulu. Chiwopsezo cha imfa ndi chochepera 1%, makamaka ndi opaleshoni yokonzedweratu. Mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi awa:

• Kuchepa kwa ntchito ya impso
• Stroke
• Magazi amaundana
• Kulephera kwa mitsempha yamagazi yopatulidwa
• Matenda a bala lodulidwa
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (`Atrial Fibrillation`)

Zinthu ngati zimenezo zingaphatikizidwe. Koma mwayi woti izi zichitike ndi wochepa kwambiri.

Kodi muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala liti mukapita kunyumba?

Ngati mutakhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi mutabwerera kunyumba, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

• Kutuluka magazi kapena mafinya kuchokera pa chodulidwacho
• Malungo
• Ululu pabala ukuwonjezeka.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima

Komanso, onetsetsani kuti mwapita kuzipatala ndikuonana ndi dokotala masiku omwe akonzedwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni.