Kodi mudamvapo za matenda achilendo komanso oopsa pang'ono omwe amapezeka m'madera ena a ku Africa? Madokotala amatcha trypanosomiasis. Anthu ena amatchanso "African sleeping sickness" chifukwa amakupangitsani kumva tulo tofa nato kwambiri. Ndi matenda oopsa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Tiyeni tikambirane zonse mwatsatanetsatane lero.

Kodi Trypanosomiasis iyi ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, trypanosomiasis ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri a parasitic. Amatha kufalikira m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi lathu. Tiyeni tiwone komwe amakhudzira:

• Kwa khungu lanu
• Kwa magazi anu
• Ku ma lymph nodes anu
• Ubongo wanu ndi madzi ozungulira ubongo wanu ndi msana wanu , otchedwa cerebrospinal fluid.

Matendawa amafalikira chifukwa cha kuluma kwa ntchentche yapadera yomwe imapezeka ku Equatorial Africa . Ntchentche zimenezi zimatchedwa ntchentche za tsetse . Ntchentche zimenezi ndi zazikulu, zachikasu kapena zofiirira zoyamwa magazi. Taganizirani izi, ntchentchezi zimatha kukhala zazitali pafupifupi mainchesi 0.2 mpaka 0.6 (zomwe ndi pafupifupi mamilimita 6 mpaka 16). Equatorial Africa ndi gawo la Africa lomwe limayenda m'mphepete mwa equator, pansi pa chipululu cha Sahara. Zizindikiro zimatha kuwoneka mkati mwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo mutatenga kachilomboka.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti trypanosomiasis ndi matenda ochiritsika . Komabe, ngati sachiritsidwa bwino, amatha kupha munthu .

Matendawa amatchedwa ndi mayina ena angapo:

• Matenda a tulo aku Africa
• Matenda a trypanosomiasis aku Africa
• Matenda a trypanosomiasis a anthu aku Africa (HAT)

Nchifukwa chiyani izi zimatchedwa "matenda ogona aku Africa"?

Anthu ambiri amatcha matendawa kuti trypanosomiasis "African sleeping sickness" pazifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba ndi chakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timafalikira ndi ntchentche za tsetse ku Equatorial Africa. Chinanso ndi chakuti chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndichakuti amatha kukhudza tulo tanu . Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi tulo.

Kodi matendawa ndi ofala bwanji?

Matenda a Trypanosomiasis anali matenda ofala kwambiri. Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO), panali anthu pafupifupi 30,000 omwe adadwala matendawa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000. Komabe, chifukwa cha njira zowongolera zomwe zatengedwa m'zaka 20 zapitazi, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe adadwala matendawa chatsika kwambiri .Pofika mu 2020, milandu yosakwana 700 ya trypanosomiasis yanenedwa.

Kodi zizindikiro za Trypanosomiasis ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimatha kuwonekera chimodzi ndi chimodzi. Onani ngati izi ndizodziwika bwino kwa inu (popeza matendawa sapezeka m'dziko lathu, ndikofunikira kudziwa izi):

• Chotupa chotupa, chosintha mtundu (chofiira, chofiirira, kapena chabulauni) chingachitike pamalo pomwe chalumidwa. Izi zitha kukhala zopweteka.
• Malungo omwe amabwera ndi kutha (malungo obwerezabwereza) .
• Thupi likuzizira (kuzizira) .
• Mutu .
• Kupweteka kwa minofu .
• Kupweteka kwa mafupa .
• Kutupa pakhungu .
• Kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira m'magazi, ndiko kuti , kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
• Kutupa kwa nkhope ndi/kapena ma lymph nodes .
• Kuvuta kukhala maso, kugona tulo pafupipafupi .
• Kulephera kuganizira bwino, kusazindikira (Kusokonezeka) .
• Kuvuta kuyenda kapena kulankhula .

Ngati sichinalandire chithandizo choyenera , trypanosomiasis ingayambitse khunyu , chikomokere, komanso imfa .

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa trypanosomiasis?

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha mitundu iwiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe tili ndi selo imodzi totchedwa protozoa .

• Trypanosoma brucei gambiense . Tizilomboti timayambitsa matenda opitilira 90% a trypanosomiasis.
• Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense . Tizilomboti timayambitsa matenda osakwana 10%.

Kodi anthu amadwala bwanji matendawa?

Matenda a Trypanosomiasis amafalikira kwa anthu akalumidwa ndi ntchentche za tsetse . Ntchentche za tsetse zimapeza tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa kuchokera ku nyama zomwe zili ndi matendawa (monga ng'ombe, nkhosa, mbuzi, nkhumba, akavalo, ndi ngamila) kapena kuchokera kwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi matendawa.

Kodi Trypanosomiasis ndi matenda opatsirana?

Matenda a Trypanosomiasis nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kuluma kwa ntchentche ya tsetse. Komabe, ngati muli ndi pakati, mutha kupatsira mwana wanu matendawa .

Chinanso n'chakuti pali mwayi wochepa kwambiri woti matendawa atha kufalikira kudzera mu kuikidwa magazi . Koma ndi osowa kwambiri. Chifukwa opereka chithandizo chamankhwala amatenga njira zambiri zodzitetezera kuti kupereka magazi kukhale kotetezeka.

Ndani amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa?

Ntchentche za Tsetse ndi ntchentche zomwe zimagwira ntchito tsiku lililonse masana.Mtundu wa ntchentche. Zimakhala m'malo okhala ndi nkhalango kapena m'malo ouma (kuphatikiza nkhalango ndi chipululu) ku Equatorial Africa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutakhala nthawi m'malo amenewa, mumakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda a trypanosomiasis.

Kodi Trypanosomiasis imapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala akhoza kupeza matenda a trypanosomiasis mwa kutenga mbiri yanu yachipatala, kufunsa za zizindikiro zanu ndi mbiri yanu yaposachedwa yaulendo, ndikufufuza thupi lanu.

Pambuyo pake, dokotala akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso angapo apadera kuti atsimikizire matendawa.

Kodi mayeso oyezetsa matenda ndi ati?

Mayeso awa amathandiza kuzindikira trypanosomiasis:

• Kuyezetsa magazi : Pa izi, dokotala amatenga chitsanzo cha magazi kuchokera mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala. Kenako amawunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti awone ngati pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Kuyesa madzi a m'maselo a lymph node : Dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito singano kuti atenge madzi kuchokera ku lymph node yotupa ndikuyang'ana ngati pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Kuboola msana/Kuboola msana : Pachifukwa ichi, dokotala amaika singano pakati pa mafupa awiri a msana m'munsi mwa msana wanu (chigawo cha msana) ndikuchotsa madzi ochepa a msana . Imafufuzidwa ngati pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi, ndi zizindikiro zina za matenda.

Kodi trypanosomiasis ingachiritsidwe?

Inde, ngati yapezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa bwino, trypanosomiasis imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu wa protozoa yomwe yakupatsirani, komanso ngati matendawa afalikira mbali zina za thupi lanu, makamaka ubongo.

• Ngati matenda a trypanosomiasis sanafalikire ku ubongo wanu kapena ku ubongo , dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala monga:
• Muli ndi Suramin, kachilombo kotchedwa Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.
• Ngati muli ndi `(Trypanosoma brucei gambiense)`, tengani Fexinidazole kapena Pentamidine .
• Ngati matenda a trypanosomiasis akhudza ubongo wanu kapena madzi a m'mitsempha ya ubongo , dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala monga:
• Muli ndi Melarsoprol, yomwe imatchedwa `(Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense)`.
• Ngati muli ndi `(Trypanosoma brucei gambiense)`, muyenera kumwa Fexinidazole , Eflornithine , Nifurtimox kapenaMelarsoprol.

Nthawi zina, corticosteroids ingalembedwe kuti ichepetse kutupa, kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi minofu.

Mankhwalawa angakupatseni ngati piritsi (ndi madzi) kapena ngati madzi operekedwa mumtsempha (m'mitsempha). Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa mankhwala onse omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, ngakhale mutayamba kumva bwino. Kupanda kutero, trypanosomiasis ikhoza kubwereranso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchiza.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndikalandira chithandizo? Kodi ndingayang'ane bwanji ngati ndikuchirabe?

Palibe mayeso enieni omwe angatsimikizire kuti simulinso ndi kachilombo ka trypanosomiasis. Chifukwa chake, madokotala adzakuyang'anirani kwa zaka ziwiri mutalandira chithandizo kuti awone ngati zizindikiro zikubweranso. Ngati zizindikirozo zibwereranso, angachite mayeso a magazi ndi madzi a m'mitsempha kuti aone ngati pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kodi ndidzachira msanga bwanji nditalandira chithandizo?

Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu woyenera kuyankha funsoli. Kutengera ndi kuopsa kwa matenda anu, iye akhoza kuwerengera nthawi yomwe ingatenge kuti muyambe kumva bwino mutatha kulandira chithandizo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati ndili ndi trypanosomiasis?

Ngati atapezeka msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo choyenera, mwayi wochira ku trypanosomiasis ndi wabwino kwambiri. Anthu ambiri amachira ngati atalandira chithandizo mkati mwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu kuchokera pamene matendawa ayamba.

Komabe, ngati salandira chithandizo choyenera, anthu ambiri amafa ndi trypanosomiasis. Chithandizocho n'chotheka ngakhale tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titakhudza ubongo ndi madzi a m'mitsempha ya ubongo. Komabe, mwayi wopulumutsa miyoyo ndi wochepa.

Kodi mwayi wopulumuka matenda ogona ndi wotani?

Ndi chithandizo choyenera, anthu opitilira 95% omwe ali ndi trypanosomiasis amapulumuka.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha trypanosomiasis ndi chiyani?

Kwa zaka 20 zapitazi, khama lochepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a trypanosomiasis lakhala lopambana kwambiri. Bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) lakhazikitsa cholinga chothetsa vuto la trypanosomiasis ngati vuto la thanzi la anthu pofika chaka cha 2030. Akuyembekeza kukwaniritsa cholinga ichi mwa:

• Perekani ndalama zambiri zochitira kafukufuku.
• Kupanga njira zabwino zoyesera.
• Kupereka chithandizo mwachangu.
• Kuchepetsa kukhudzana pakati pa ntchentche za tsetse ndi anthu.

Kodi Trypanosomiasis ingapewedwe?

Inde, mungachite izi kuti mudziteteze ku ntchentche za tsetse (makamaka ngati mukupita kumadera kumene matendawa ndi ofala):

• Yesetsani kuti musapite kumadera omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
• Valani zovala zokhuthala , mathalauza aatali, ndi manja aatali, chifukwa ntchentche za tsetse zimatha kuluma ngakhale zovala zoonda.
• Valani zovala zamitundu yosiyana. Ntchentche za tsetse zimakopeka ndi mitundu yakuda ndi yowala. Sankhani zovala zamitundu monga yoyera, imvi, kirimu, bulauni, kapena beige.
• Pewani kukhala pafupi ndi zitsamba ndi mitengo masana. Ngakhale kuti ntchentche za tsetse zimakhalapo masana, nthawi zina zimafunafuna mthunzi pakati pa mitengo nthawi yotentha kwambiri masana.
• Ikani zophimba pazenera pa mawindo ndi zitseko.
• Khalani m'nyumba nthawi imene ntchentche za tsetse zimakhala zotanganidwa kwambiri.
• Pakani mankhwala opopera kapena mankhwala pa zovala, mahema, ndi zophimba ukonde zomwe zimathamangitsa ntchentche za tsetse.
• Gonani mu hema yokhala ndi ukonde woonda, kapena gwiritsani ntchito ukonde woteteza mukagona. Onetsetsani kuti mwatseka hema lanu lonse ndi zipi.
• Musanakwere m'magalimoto kapena m'malole, yang'anani mkati mwawo ngati muli ndi ntchentche za tsetse. Zimakopeka ndi kuyenda komanso fumbi lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi magalimoto.

Kodi pali katemera wa Trypanosomiasis?

Ayi, pakadali pano palibe katemera kapena mankhwala ena omwe angateteze matenda a trypanosomiasis.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji ngati ndili ndi matenda a trypanosomiasis?

Ngati mwayamba kusamva bwino mutapita kudera lomwe matenda a trypanosomiasis ndi ofala, ndikofunikira kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Ngakhale simukukumbukira kulumidwa ndi ntchentche ya tsetse, uzani dokotala wanu ngati mwakhalapo kudera lomwe munali pachiwopsezo. Tsatirani ndondomeko yawo ya chithandizo kuti muchiritse bwino.

Komanso, kupuma mokwanira ndi kumwa madzi ambiri kudzakuthandizani kuchira msanga.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mwakhala nthawi yayitali m'madera omwe muli pachiwopsezo cholumidwa ndi ntchentche za tsetse ndipo mukuyamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro za trypanosomiasis, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Mukalandira chithandizo, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala wanu kuti akakuwoneni nthawi zonse - nthawi zambiri miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kwa zaka ziwiri. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda ena, dokotala wanu adzakuyesani magazi ndi madzi a m'mitsempha.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zoopsa izi, pitani ku Chipinda cha Zadzidzidzi chapafupi (ER), kapena imbani 911 (kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi):

• Malungo opitirira madigiri 103 Fahrenheit (madigiri 40 Celsius).
• Kusokonezeka kapena kusokonezeka maganizo.
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu .

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, mungafunse mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi ndinadwala bwanji trypanosomiasis?
• Ngati ndilibe trypanosomiasis, ndi vuto lina liti lomwe ndingakhale nalo?
• Kodi vuto langa ndi lalikulu bwanji?
• Kodi mumachita mayeso otani kuti mupeze matenda a trypanosomiasis?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chanji?
• Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mankhwala omwe mumalimbikitsa?
• Kodi ndiyamba liti kumva bwino?
• Kodi ndingachitenso chiyani kuti ndifulumizitse kuchira kwanga?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuda nkhawa ndi zizindikiro zatsopano kapena zomwe zikuipiraipira?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala kuti akandiyesenso?

Kodi ndingathe kutenga trypanosomiasis kangapo?

Inde, mutha kudwala trypanosomiasis kangapo. Chithandizo chabwino cha trypanosomiasis sichikupatsani chitetezo choti musadwalenso.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa Trypanosomiasis yaku Africa ndi Trypanosomiasis yaku America ndi kotani?

Matenda a Trypanosomiasis aku America ndi dzina lina la matenda a Chagas . Ndi mtundu wina wa matenda opatsirana. Amayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda otchedwa Trypanosoma cruzi . Matenda a Trypanosoma cruzi nthawi zambiri amafalikira chifukwa cha kulumidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Triatomine (omwe amadziwikanso kuti "tizilombo topsompsona").

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, tiyeni tikambirane zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe takambirana zokhudza trypanosomiasis:

• Uwu ndi matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amafalitsidwa ndi kulumidwa ndi ntchentche za tsetse ndipo amapezeka m'madera ena a ku Africa.
• Ngati yapezeka ndi kuchiritsidwa msanga, imatha kuchiritsidwa , kapena ikhoza kupha .
• Zizindikiro zake zingakhale monga malungo, kupweteka kwa thupi, kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes, komanso kugona kwambiri komanso kusokonezeka maganizo.
• Ngati mukupita kumadera kumene matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchitapo kanthu kuti mudziteteze ku ntchentche .
• Ngati zizindikiro zikuwonekera mutabwerera kuchokera ku ulendo wotere, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Trypanosomiasis , matenda ogona aku Africa, ntchentche ya tsetse, matenda opatsirana, matenda aku Africa, kugona, zizindikiro