Kodi mukuda nkhawa ndi chifuwa chosatha? Tiyeni tikambirane za chifuwa chachikulu (TB)

Kodi mulinso ndi chifuwa chomwe chakhala chikupitilira kwa milungu yoposa iwiri? Mwina mumamva kusasangalala komanso kutopa nthawi imodzi? Nthawi zambiri timaiwala zinthu zotere, poganiza kuti ndi chimfine wamba. Koma nthawi zina chingakhale chinthu chomwe chimafunika chisamaliro chowonjezereka. Lero tikulankhula za chifuwa chachikulu, kapena TB monga tonse tikuchidziwira, matenda omwe akupezekabe m'dziko lathu, koma amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ngati atachiritsidwa bwino.

Mwachidule, kodi chifuwa chachikulu n’chiyani?

Chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka bakiteriya. Amayambitsidwa ndi mtundu wa bakiteriya wotchedwa `Mycobacterium tuberculosis` . Matendawa amakhudza kwambiri mapapo athu. Komabe, nthawi zina, bakiteriyayu amatha kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi, mwachitsanzo, ku msana, ubongo, ndi impso.

Koma apa pali chinthu chofunikira kudziwa. Si aliyense amene ali ndi kachilombo ka TB amene amadwala. Anthu ena ali ndi mabakiteriya m'thupi lawo koma sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse, amangogona. Timatcha vutoli kuti TB yobisika . Pali anthu omwe ali nalo moyo wawo wonse popanda zizindikiro zilizonse.

Kodi zizindikiro za TB yogwira ntchito ndi ziti?

Ngati muli ndi TB yobisika, simudzakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, ndi TB yogwira ntchito, mutha kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

Chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo

Monga tanenera kale, mabakiteriya a TB sapezeka m'mapapo okha, koma amathanso kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zinazake ku chiwalo chimenecho.

• Ngati zimakhudza ubongo: Matenda a meningitis angayambitse matenda a nembanemba zomwe zimaphimba ubongo.
• Ngati msana wakhudzidwa: Matenda otchedwa ``Pott's disease'' angachitike, zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa msana ndi sciatica.
• Ngati ma lymph nodes akhudzidwa: Ma lymph nodes otupa m'malo ngati khosi.

Kodi chifuwa chachikulu chimafalikira bwanji kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina?

Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Chifuwa chachikulu chimafalikira kudzera mu mpweya. Munthu amene ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo akatsokomola, kuyetsemula, kulankhula, kuimba, kapena kuseka, mabakiteriya amatulutsidwa mumlengalenga m'madontho ang'onoang'ono. Ngati munthu wathanzi pafupi apuma mpweya umenewu, mabakiteriyawo amatha kulowa m'thupi lawo.

Tangoganizani kuti winawake kuntchito kwanu wakhala akutsokomola kwa miyezi ingapo. Amanyalanyaza. Ngati mumagwira ntchito limodzi m'chipinda chimodzi tsiku lililonse, pali chiopsezo chofalitsa matendawa.

Ndani ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga chifuwa chachikulu?

Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kudwala chifuwa chachikulu, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa:

• Anthu omwe akhala kapena kupita kudziko lomwe chifuwa chachikulu cha TB chili chofala.
• Anthu omwe amakhala kapena omwe ali pafupi ndi munthu wodwala chifuwa chachikulu.
• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito kapena amakhala m'malo odzaza anthu monga misasa ya ndende, misasa ya othawa kwawo, ndi malo osungira okalamba.
• Anthu ogwira ntchito m'magawo azaumoyo.

Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda opatsirana:

Anthu amenewa amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda ngati kachilomboka kalowa m'thupi lawo. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kufooka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi.

• Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV
• Ana aang'ono ndi okalamba
• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osatha monga matenda a shuga ndi impso
• Anthu omwe akulandira chemotherapy chifukwa cha khansa
• Anthu omwe adasinthidwa ziwalo zawo
• Anthu omwe amabaya mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Anthu omwe akuvutika ndi kusowa zakudya m'thupi

Kodi dokotala angatsimikizire bwanji matendawa?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi chifuwa chachikulu, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala . Dokotalayo adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu, adzakuyesani, kenako adzakulamulani kuti muyesedwe kangapo kuti atsimikizire matendawa.

• Kuyesa kwa machubu: Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yoyezera. Chitsanzo cha machubu anu chimatengedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi maikulosikopu kuti muwone ngati mabakiteriya a TB alipo.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Izi zitha kuwona kusintha kulikonse m'mapapo chifukwa cha matendawa.
• Kuyesa khungu (Mantoux test): Mankhwala ochepa a protein amabayidwa pansi pa khungu ndipo malowo amawunikidwa ngati ali ndi kutupa patatha maola 48-72.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Matendawa amathanso kupezeka kudzera mu kuyezetsa magazi kwamakono.

Kodi mankhwala a chifuwa chachikulu ndi otani?

Nkhani yabwino ndi iyi. Chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda ochiritsika kwathunthu. Chimachiritsidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa maantibayotiki angapo.

Ena mwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa nthawi zambiri ndi awa:

• `Isoniazid`
• `Rifampin`
• `Ethambutol`
• `Pyrazinamide`

Mankhwalawa angapezeke kwaulere kuzipatala za boma.

Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji ku chifuwa chachikulu?

• Katemera wa BCG: M'dziko lathu, katemera wa BCG amaperekedwa kwa mwana akangobadwa kuti amuteteze ku chifuwa chachikulu. Izi zimateteza ku matenda aakulu a chifuwa chachikulu (makamaka `TB Meningitis`) omwe angachitike mwa ana aang'ono.
• Makhalidwe abwino aukhondo: Phimbani pakamwa ndi mphuno yanu ndi minofu kapena chigongono chanu mukamatsokomola kapena kuyetsemula.
• Mpweya wabwino: Sungani mpweya wabwino m'nyumba ndi m'malo antchito.
• Ngati ndinu munthu wodwala: Ngati muli ndi chifuwa chachikulu, pewani kukhudzana ndi ena kwa milungu ingapo yoyambirira mutayamba kulandira chithandizo. Funsani upangiri kwa dokotala wanu.
• Zakudya Zopatsa Thanzi: Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kungathandize kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chikhale bwino.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zimenezi, kapena ngati mwakumanapo ndi munthu amene ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu, musachite mantha kapena kuchita manyazi kupita kwa dokotala mwamsanga. Mukapeza matendawa mwachangu ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo, mudzatha kuchira mwachangu ndikuletsa ena kudwala.