Mankhwala a khansa ochokera m'matupi athu? Tiyeni tikambirane za TIL Therapy (Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy)

Tonsefe tikudziwa momwe zimakhalira zovuta komanso zovuta kulimbana ndi khansa. Koma ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku, njira zatsopano komanso zatsopano zikupezedwa. Lero, tikambirana za njira yatsopano yomwe anthu ambiri amayembekezera kwambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito maselo a thupi lathu pochiza khansa. Izi zimatchedwa TIL Therapy.

Mwachidule, kodi TIL Therapy ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, tiyeni tisunge izi mophweka. Mwina mwamvapo za chithandizo cha immunotherapy . Chimalimbikitsa chitetezo chathu chamthupi, gulu lathu lankhondo lomwe limalimbana ndi matenda, kuti lithandize kuwononga maselo a khansa. Chithandizo cha TIL ndi chimodzi mwa izi.

Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wapadera komanso wamphamvu wa selo loteteza thupi m'thupi lathu. Maselo amenewa amatchedwa ma lymphocyte olowa m'thupi , kapena ma TIL mwachidule.

Taganizirani izi, matupi athu ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya asilikali (maselo oteteza thupi) omwe amayendayenda m'misewu kufunafuna matenda. Koma asilikali awa otchedwa TIL ndi apadera kwambiri. Amalowa m'matumbo, kutanthauza kuti, amawalowa, ndikuphunzira bwino malo ofooka a maselo a khansa amenewo komanso njira yabwino yowawonongera. Ali ngati gulu lankhondo lapadera lomwe limalowa m'msasa wa adani ndi ofufuza.

Ndiye vuto ndi chiyani? Vuto ndilakuti, chitetezo chathu chamthupi sichingathe kukwanira ndi asilikali anzeru awa, kapena ma TIL. N'zovuta kwa ochepa omwe ayenera kulimbana ndi khansa iyi okha ndikupambana.

Kodi chithandizochi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mitundu iti ya khansa?

Pofika mu 2024, bungwe la U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) lavomereza chithandizo cha TIL chotchedwa lifileucel (Amtagvi®) . Chapangidwa makamaka kuti chichiritse khansa ya pakhungu yotchedwa melanoma . Komabe, sichiyenera mitundu yonse ya melanoma. Chithandizochi ndi choyenera pa:

• Sichingathe kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni yokha,
• Khansa yomwe yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi (khansa yofalikira),
• Ndipo kwa iwo omwe salabadira chithandizo chokhazikika chomwe madokotala a khansa nthawi zambiri amapereka poyamba.

Ngati muli ndi vuto lofananalo, mungakhale woyenera kulandira chithandizochi. Muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli.

Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala ndi ofufuza akuphunzira za kupambana kwa chithandizo cha TIL pa mitundu ina ingapo ya khansa, kuphatikizapo:

• Khansa ya m'mawere
• Khansa ya pachibelekero
• Khansa ya m'matumbo
• Khansa ya mutu ndi khosi
• Khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo ang'onoang'ono

Kodi chithandizochi chimagwira ntchito bwanji? Tiyeni tiphunzire pang'onopang'ono.

Izi sizinthu zomwe zimachitika tsiku limodzi. Chofunika kwambiri ndikubwezera maselo anu a TIL kwa inu nokha. Koma pali masitepe angapo tisanafike pamenepa. Tiyeni tiwone masitepe amenewo motsatizana.

Mukamaliza kulandira chithandizo, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo. Panthawi imeneyi, gulu lachipatala lidzayang'anira mosamala momwe thupi lanu likuyankhira chithandizocho. Pambuyo pake, mudzalangizidwa kuti mukhale pafupi ndi chipatala kwa milungu ingapo. Izi ndizotheka kuti mupeze chithandizo mwachangu ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zilizonse zoyipa.

Kodi chithandizo chonsechi chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Chithandizo cha TIL ndi chithandizo cha kamodzi kokha . Komabe, njira yonse kuyambira tsiku lomwe khansa yachotsedwa, mpaka tsiku lomwe maselo apangidwa, mpaka nthawi yomwe mwalandira chithandizo, mpaka nthawi yomwe mwabwerera ku moyo wabwinobwino ingatenge milungu pafupifupi 10. Muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa milungu iwiri.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?

Ubwino wa chithandizochi

Uwu ndi chithandizo champhamvu kwambiri, chopangidwa ndi munthu payekha.

• Kuukira kolunjika: Mankhwalawa amangokhudza maselo a khansa okha. Chifukwa chake, palibe kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa maselo athanzi. Izi zimachepetsanso chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa.
• Chitetezo Chanthawi Yaitali: Maselo a TIL omwe amalowetsedwa m'thupi lanu amakhalabe m'thupi lanu kwa zaka zambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale chithandizo chitatha, maselowa amapitirizabe kulimbana ndi khansa.
• Chiyembekezo Chatsopano: Mwina chofunika kwambiri, izi zimabweretsa chiyembekezo chachikulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya melanoma yomwe poyamba inkaganiziridwa kuti ndi yosachiritsika.

Zoopsa za chithandizo

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse, pali zoopsa zina. Zotsatirapo izi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi interleukin-2 (IL-2) . Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuperekedwa kwa maselo a TIL ndizosowa kwambiri. Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndi izi:

• Kutsegula m'mimba
• Kutopa
• Malungo ndi kuzizira
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (arrhythmia)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Kutupa pakhungu

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo cha IL-2 chingayambitse vuto lalikulu lotchedwa capillary leak syndrome . Koma musadandaule, dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zoopsa zonsezi musanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Kodi zinditengera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire?

Zingatenge milungu iwiri kapena kuposerapo musanayambe kumva bwino mutatha kumwa mankhwala omaliza a IL-2. Izi zili choncho chifukwa thupi limafuna nthawi kuti libwererenso ku mavuto onse omwe amabwera chifukwa cha chithandizo (opaleshoni, chemotherapy, IL-2).

Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe ndingachite kuti chithandizocho chikhale chosavuta?

Iyi si njira yophweka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakuyang'anirani kwambiri nthawi yonse yomwe muli kuchipatala. Adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse, adzakuyesani magazi, ndikuonetsetsa kuti thupi lanu lakonzeka kulandira chithandizo. Adzakupatsani mankhwala ofunikira kuti achepetse zotsatirapo zake, ndipo adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse ngati pali zovuta zilizonse. Chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikutsata malangizo omwe gulu lachipatala lapereka ndikuwauza za kusasangalala kulikonse komwe mukumva.

Ndiyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yanji?

Ngati mutapita kunyumba mutalandira chithandizo ndipo mukuyamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda (malungo, kupweteka kwa thupi), kapena mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zosayembekezereka kapena zoopsa, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati muli ndi khansa ya melanoma yomwe sinayankhe mankhwala ena, chithandizo cha TIL chingakhale njira yabwino kwa inu. Ngati dokotala wanu akulangizani chithandizochi, onetsetsani kuti mwamvetsera mosamala njira yonse, nthawi yomwe idzatenge, komanso zotsatira zake pa vuto lanu. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni bwino ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizochi.

Chithandizo cha TIL, Chotupa Cholowa m'thupi, chithandizo cha immunotherapy, chithandizo cha khansa, melanoma, chithandizo cha khansa, chithandizo cha immunotherapy, ma lymphocyte olowa m'thupi, mankhwala atsopano a khansa, chithandizo ndi maselo a thupi.