Kodi mudamvapo za "Waldenström Macroglobulinemia"? Mwina ayi. Ndi dzina lalitali, lovuta kulitchula, sichoncho? Koma musadandaule. Ndi khansa ya m'magazi yosowa kwambiri, koma yofala kwambiri. Lero, tikambirana za vutoli m'mawu osavuta omwe mungamvetse, monga kulankhula ndi mnzanu. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe chilidi, zizindikiro zake, ndi momwe zimachiritsidwira.
Kodi Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, iyi ndi khansa yomwe imakhudza magazi anu. Kunena zoona, ndi ya gulu la khansa lotchedwa Lymphoma, ndipo ndi mtundu wa non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Imatchedwanso lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Ndi yosowa kwambiri. Ngakhale m'dziko ngati America, imakhudza anthu atatu kapena anayi okha mwa miliyoni imodzi. Kotero mutha kuganiza momwe zimakhalira zosasowa.
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe izi zimapangikira mkati mwa thupi.
Chimodzi mwa mitundu yofunika kwambiri ya maselo mu chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimatchedwa ``maselo a B``. Izi zimapangidwa mu mafupa athu. Mukudziwa kuti mafupa ndi malo mkati mwa mafupa athu omwe ali ngati fakitale yomwe imapanga maselo amagazi.
Kotero, mu WM, maselo a B athanzi amenewa amasanduka maselo a khansa ndipo amayamba kugawikana ndikuchulukana mosalamulirika. Maselo a khansa amenewa akadzaza mafupa, amadzaza maselo athu athanzi m'magazi.
Choncho, mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya maselo a magazi ingachepe:
- Maselo Ofiira Ochepa: Izi zimatchedwa "anemia". Izi ndi zomwe zimakupangitsani kumva kutopa kwambiri komanso kukhala opanda moyo .
- Kuchepa kwa Maselo Oyera a M'magazi: Izi zimatchedwa ``neutropenia``. Maselo oyera a m'magazi ali ngati asilikali m'thupi lathu. Maselo amenewa amatiteteza ku matenda. Chifukwa chake maselowa akachepa , matenda amatha kuchitika pafupipafupi .
- Ma platelet otsika: Izi zimatchedwa `(thrombocytopenia).` Izi ndi zomwe zimathandiza magazi kuundana. Ndi zomwe zimaletsa kutuluka magazi ngakhale kuchokera pachilonda chaching'ono. Choncho pamene ma platelet ali ochepa, ngakhale chilonda chaching'ono sichingaletse kutuluka magazi, ndipo mutha kukhala ndi mabala m'thupi lanu .
Kuphatikiza apo, maselo a khansa awa amapanga puloteni yochuluka yosazolowereka yotchedwa `(immunoglobulin M)` kapena `(IgM)`. Puloteni iyi ya `(IgM)` ikasonkhana m'magazi, magazi athu amakhuthala. Tangoganizirani kuti magazi, omwe ayenera kukhala ngati madzi, amakhuthala ngati madzi. Izi zimatchedwa `(hyperviscosity syndrome)` mu sayansi ya zamankhwala.
Magazi akakula motere, zimakhala zovuta kuyenda m'mitsempha yaying'ono komanso yaying'ono yamagazi m'thupi lathu. Izi zingayambitse zizindikiro zazikulu monga chizungulire ndi kutuluka magazi m'mphuno.
Palibe mankhwala a WM pakadali pano. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti ndi yofala kwambiri, ndi chithandizo chabwino, zizindikiro zimatha kuthetsedwa, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kwathunthu, ndipo anthu amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwa zaka zambiri.
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a WM ndi ziti?
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anayi aliwonse omwe ali ndi matendawa sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse. Amapezeka mwangozi akamayesedwa akapita kwa dokotala chifukwa cha matenda ena. Ngati zizindikiro ziwonekera, zimabwera pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kwambiri.
Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zofala monga izi.
| Chizindikiro | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kufooka ndi kutopa kwambiri | Kumva kutopa mosasamala kanthu za tulo tofa nato, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa maselo ofiira a magazi (anemia). |
| Malungo opanda chifukwa | Malungo opanda matenda aliwonse. |
| Kutaya chilakolako cha chakudya ndi kuchepetsa thupi | Kuchepetsa thupi popanda khama lililonse, popanda kuzindikira. |
| Thukuta kwambiri usiku | Matumba anyowa kwambiri moti simungathe kugona. |
| Kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira ndi chikumbumtima (Kusokonezeka) | Matenda a sitiroko amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo chifukwa cha magazi kuundana. |
| Kutupa kwa chiwindi, ndulu, kapena ma lymph nodes | Maselo a khansa amasonkhana m'ziwalo zimenezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikula. |
| Kusagwira bwino kwa miyendo ndi miyendo (Peripheral Neuropathy) | Kumva kuwawa m'zala za m'manja ndi zala zakumapazi, ngati kuti nyerere zikuthamanga. |
| Zizindikiro za magazi kuundana | Kutuluka magazi m'mphuno, kutuluka magazi m'kamwa mukatsuka mano, chizungulire, kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi, kusawona bwino. |
N’chifukwa chiyani matenda amtunduwu amapezeka?
Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kusintha kwa majini. Ndiko kuti, kusintha kwa majini athu. Anthu asanu ndi anayi mwa 10 omwe ali ndi WM ali ndi kusintha kwa majini otchedwa ``MYD88``. Ndipo anthu anayi mwa 10 ali ndi kusintha kwa majini otchedwa ``CXCR4``. Kusintha kwa majini onsewa kumathandiza kuti maselo a khansa osazolowereka agawikane ndikukula mofulumira.
Koma chofunika kwambiri komanso cholimbikitsa apa ndichakuti kusintha kwa majini kumeneku sikunatengedwe ndi makolo.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ichi si chinthu chomwe mumalandira kuchokera kwa amayi anu kapena abambo anu. Ndipo si chinthu chomwe mumapatsa ana anu. Izi ndi kusintha kwatsopano komwe kumachitika m'thupi nthawi ya moyo.
Koma ofufuza sanapezebe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe kusintha kwa majini kumeneku kumachitika.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingachititse kuti matendawa ayambe?
Pali zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera pang'ono mwayi wopeza matendawa. Komabe, kupezeka kwa matendawa sikutanthauza kuti matendawa adzayamba.
| Choopsa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zaka | Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 65. |
| Mtundu | Zimapezeka kawirikawiri pakati pa azungu. |
| Jenda | Amuna ndi omwe ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa kuposa akazi. |
| Matenda ena | Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga Hepatitis C, AIDS, ndi Sjögren's Syndrome ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Matenda otchedwa ``(MGUS)`` angakhalenso chiyambi cha WM. Komabe, si aliyense amene ali ndi MGUS amene adzakhale ndi WM. |
| Mbiri ya banja la matenda | Chiwopsezocho chingawonjezeke pang'ono ngati wachibale wa m'magazi wakhala ndi WM kapena mtundu wina wa lymphoma. |
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, dokotala wanu adzakuyesani kangapo kuti atsimikizire ngati muli ndi matendawa. Mayeso akuluakulu ndi kufufuza maselo a khansa ndi mapuloteni osazolowereka a ``(IgM)`` m'magazi mwanu.
- Mayeso a magazi ndi mkodzo: Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa maselo a m'magazi otsika (maselo ofiira, maselo oyera, ma platelet) komanso kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ``(IgM)''.
- Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso monga ``CT scan'' kapena ``PET scan'' angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofufuza ngati pali ma lymph nodes otupa komanso ziwalo zokulirapo monga chiwindi ndi ndulu.
- Kuyezetsa maso: Nthawi zina, kutuluka magazi pang'ono m'diso kungachitike, kumbuyo kwa diso, chifukwa cha magazi kuundana. Dokotala wa maso angayang'ane izi.
- Kufufuza Mafupa: Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yotsimikizira matendawa. Pachifukwa ichi, chitsanzo chaching'ono kwambiri cha mafuta a m'mafupa chimatengedwa kuchokera pamalo monga fupa la m'chiuno ndikuyang'aniridwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Kenako izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kudziwa ngati pali maselo a khansa.
Kodi mankhwala a WM ndi otani?
Monga tanenera kale, ngakhale kuti matendawa sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri oletsa zizindikiro. Dokotala wanu adzawunika vuto lanu ndikupanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe lili loyenera kwa inu komanso lomwe lili ndi zotsatirapo zochepa.
| Njira yochizira | Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Kudikira Mosamala | Ngati mulibe zizindikiro, dokotala wanu mwina adzakuyang'anirani popanda kuyamba kumwa mankhwala aliwonse. Anthu ena amachira bwino kwa zaka zambiri popanda chithandizo chilichonse. |
| Kusinthana kwa plasma (plasma) | Izi zimachitika ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za magazi kuundana. Makina amalekanitsa gawo lamadzimadzi lotchedwa plasma ndi magazi anu, kuchotsa puloteni yoyipa ya IgM, ndikubwezera plasma yoyeretsedwayo m'thupi lanu. |
| Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy | Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kuwononga maselo a khansa. Mankhwala otchedwa ``Rituximab`` amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa izi. |
| Mankhwala a Chemotherapy | Kupereka mankhwala opha maselo a khansa. Nthawi zina izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi chithandizo cha chitetezo chamthupi. |
| Chithandizo Cholunjika | Uwu ndi mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala. Mankhwalawa amayang'ana mapuloteni enaake omwe amathandiza maselo a khansa kugawikana ndikukula, zomwe zimaimitsa ntchito yawo. `(Ibrutinib)` ndi `(Zanubrutinib)` ndi mankhwala otere. |
| Kusamutsa Maselo Oyambira | Uwu ndi mankhwala osowa kwambiri, omwe amachitidwa kwa odwala osankhidwa okha. Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta a m'mafupa omwe awonongeka ndi khansa amalowetsedwa m'malo mwa mafuta a m'mafupa abwino. |
Kodi moyo udzakhala bwanji ndi matendawa?
Popeza ndi matenda omwe amakula kwambiri, si aliyense amene amakumana ndi matendawa mofanana. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu 66 mwa anthu 100 (omwe ndi oposa awiri mwa atatu) amakhalabe ndi moyo zaka 10 atapezeka ndi matendawa. Komabe, izi zimasiyana malinga ndi zaka. Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe amapezeka ndi matendawa atatha zaka 65 samwalira ndi matenda a WM, koma ndi matenda ena omwe amakula akamakula.
Momwe mukuchitira zinthu zimadalira zinthu zingapo:
- zaka zanu
- Zotsatira za malipoti anu oyesa magazi
- Mtundu wa kusintha kwa majini komwe muli nako
Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye amakudziwani bwino komanso amadziwa chilichonse chomwe chimakhudza thanzi lanu.
Kodi mungatani kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino?
Kukhala ndi matenda a nthawi yayitali ngati WM kungatanthauze kusintha kwakukulu pa moyo wanu, koma pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muthandize.
- Funsani dokotala wanu: Ndi zakudya ndi zakumwa ziti zomwe zili zoyenera kwa inu, masewera olimbitsa thupi ati omwe ali abwino kwa inu, komanso zomwe muyenera kuchita kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino la maganizo.
- Lumikizanani ndi ena: Mukakhala ndi matenda osowa ngati awa, mungamve ngati muli nokha, monga "Ndine ndekha padziko lonse lapansi amene ndili ndi matendawa." Koma simuli nokha. Pali magulu othandizira anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli. Pemphani dokotala wanu kuti akulumikizeni ndi matendawo. Kulankhula ndi anthu omwe adakumanapo ndi zinthu zomwezo monga inu kungakuthandizeni kwambiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) ndi khansa ya m'magazi yofala kwambiri komanso yotha kuchiritsidwa.
- Anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi matendawa sakhala ndi zizindikiro poyamba, kotero amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwa zaka zambiri popanda chithandizo.
- Imeneyi si matenda obadwa nawo, choncho musadandaule kuti muwapatsire ana anu.
- Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo si kuchiza matendawa, koma kuwongolera zizindikiro ndikusunga moyo wanu wabwino.
- Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu amene akukuthandizani za mafunso, mantha, kapena kukayikira kulikonse komwe mungakhale nako. Iye adzakuthandizani.
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