Tangoganizani kuti mwadzidzidzi mwachita ngozi pamsewu, kapena wina kunyumba akuvutika kupuma ndipo mwadzidzidzi akudwala. Panthawi yotereyi, timachita mantha ndipo mwamsanga timayimbira foni thandizo ladzidzidzi monga momwe zinalili mu 1990, sichoncho? Patapita kanthawi, ambulansi imabwera ndi siren. Munthu wovala yunifolomu akuthamanga ndikuyamba kuthandiza wodwalayo. Kodi uyu ndi dokotala? Kodi ndi namwino? Ili ndi funso lomwe ambiri a ife timakhala nalo. Kwenikweni, anthu awa amatchedwa akatswiri azachipatala odzidzimutsa, kapena monga tonse timawadziwira, EMT (Emergency Medical Technician) . Ndicho chimene tikambirana m'nkhaniyi lero.
Kodi EMT ndi ndani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, EMT ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yopereka chithandizo chamankhwala chadzidzidzi komanso thandizo loyamba kunja kwa chipatala, kaya pamalo omwe ngozi yachitika kapena ponyamula wodwala kupita naye kuchipatala. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikuteteza moyo wa wodwalayo ndikukhazikitsa thanzi lake mpaka atafika kuchipatala ndikulandira chithandizo choyenera chamankhwala.
Koma apa pali chinthu chomwe tiyenera kumvetsetsa bwino. EMT si dokotala, namwino, kapena Wothandizira Dokotala. Komanso, mawu ena omwe timamva nthawi zambiri ndi 'Paramedic.' EMT ndi Paramedic ndi anthu awiri osiyana.
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa EMT ndi Paramedic ndi kotani?
Onsewa ndi anthu omwe amatithandiza pa nthawi yamavuto. Koma kusiyana kwakukulu kuli m'maphunziro awo komanso zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe angathe kuchita.
- EMT (Emergency Medical Technician): Ali ndi maphunziro oyambira. Angathe kuchita ntchito zoyambira monga kupereka chithandizo choyamba, kupereka mpweya, kumanga mabala, kuletsa mafupa osweka kuyenda, komanso kuchita CPR ngati munthu wagwidwa ndi mphuno.
- Paramedic: Ali ndi maphunziro apamwamba kwambiri kuposa EMT, kotero amatha kuchita zinthu zovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kuyika cannula mumtsempha ( IV - Intravenous line ) kuti apereke saline kapena mankhwala, kupereka mankhwala ena adzidzidzi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito makina owunikira momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito (ECG).
Mwachidule, EMT imangopereka chithandizo chapadera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri saloledwa kuchita njira zowononga thupi. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe sizingachitike, monga kupereka jakisoni wa epinephrine wopulumutsa moyo ngati pali vuto lalikulu la ziwengo.
Kodi ntchito zazikulu za EMT ndi ziti?
Tsiku la EMT limakhala lotanganidwa kwambiri ndipo limadzaza ndi zochitika zosayembekezereka. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kuyankha foni yadzidzidzi, kupereka chithandizo chopulumutsa moyo kwa munthu amene akufunika thandizo, ndikumutengera kuchipatala mosamala. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe amachita.
| Ntchito yomwe ikuchitidwa | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kuyankha mafoni adzidzidzi | Monga mu 1990, pamene nambala yadzidzidzi inaitanidwa, ambulansi inkapita kumalo oyenera. |
| Kuyang'ana momwe wodwalayo alili | Kuwunika momwe wodwalayo alili pamalo omwe anachitika ngoziyi pofufuza ngati akupuma, ngati akugunda, komanso ngati ali ndi chikumbumtima. |
| Kupereka chithandizo choyamba chadzidzidzi | Zinthu monga kuletsa kutuluka magazi, kutsuka ndi kukulunga mabala, kupereka mpweya, komanso kuletsa mafupa osweka kuyenda. |
| Kupereka chithandizo chopulumutsa moyo | Ngati kupuma kapena kugunda kwa mtima kwasiya, yesetsani kupulumutsa moyo mwa kupereka chithandizo monga CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . |
| Mayendedwe opita kuchipatala | Mutengereni wodwalayo ku chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) mwachangu komanso mosamala momwe mungathere. |
| Kupereka malipoti kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala | Mukafika kuchipatala, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwitsa madokotala ndi ogwira ntchito ku ETU zonse zomwe zinachitikira wodwalayo, chithandizo chomwe adapatsidwa, komanso momwe alili panopa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. |
Kodi ziyeneretso zofunika ndi ziti kuti mukhale EMT?
Kukhala EMT sikophweka. Kumafuna maphunziro apadera ndi kudzipereka. Nthawi zambiri, muyenera kukhala mutamaliza maphunziro oyambira (monga GCE O/L kapena A/L). Pambuyo pake,
1. Chitsimikizo cha CPR: Choyamba, muyenera kutenga maphunziro oyambira a CPR ndi thandizo loyamba ndikupeza chitsimikizo.
2. Kosi ya EMT: Kenako, muyenera kutenga maphunziro a EMT kuchokera ku bungwe lodziwika bwino. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga maola pafupifupi 120-150.
3. Kupambana mayeso: Mukamaliza maphunzirowa, muyenera kulemba ndikupambana mayeso a pamlingo wadziko lonse kapena oyenera a boma.
4. Layisensi yoyendetsa galimoto: Kuti muyendetse ambulansi, mufunika maphunziro apadera ndi laisensi.
Akamaliza ziyeneretso zoyambira izi, munthu amene akufuna thandizo angapitirize maphunziro ake ndikukhala Advanced EMT , zomwe zingamuthandize kuchita chithandizo chapamwamba kwambiri, monga kupereka madzi m'mitsempha .
Kodi ndi liti pamene mungafunike thandizo la EMT?
Mumangofunika thandizo la EMT pa nthawi yadzidzidzi. Zikatero, imbani ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi popanda kuganiza kawiri.
Kumbukirani, ngakhale zitakhala ngati zazing'ono, nthawi zonse ndi bwino kuyimbira foni ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi ngati simukudziwa. Ndi bwino kuchedwa kusiyana ndi kupepesa.
Pansipa pali zochitika zina zomwe thandizo la EMT ndilofunika.
| Zadzidzidzi | Mwachitsanzo... |
|---|---|
| Matenda amtima | Kupweteka kwakukulu mwadzidzidzi pakati pa chifuwa, kupweteka komwe kumafika ku dzanja lamanzere, kupuma movutikira, komanso thukuta kwambiri. |
| Kuvulala mwangozi | Kuvulala kwambiri, kutuluka magazi, kapena kusweka chifukwa cha ngozi ya galimoto, kugwa kuchokera kutalika, kapena kugundana ndi chinthu china. |
| Kuvuta kupuma | Kuchuluka kwa mphumu, chinthu chomwe chimamatira pakhosi, kapena kulephera kupuma pazifukwa zina zilizonse. |
| Matenda oopsa kwambiri (Anaphylaxis) | Ziphuphu thupi lonse, kutupa maso ndi pakamwa, komanso kuvutika kupuma chifukwa cha chakudya, mankhwala, kapena kulumidwa ndi tizilombo. |
| Mavuto adzidzidzi a matenda a shuga | Munthu wodwala matenda a shuga akhoza kukhala ndi shuga wochepa kwambiri m'magazi (hypoglycemia) ndipo akhoza kutaya chikumbumtima kapena kugwidwa ndi khunyu. |
Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ambulansi yokhala ndi ma EMTs ndiye chitetezo chanu choyamba. Adzachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti akufikitseni kwa dokotala kuchipatala mosamala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- EMT ndi munthu amene waphunzitsidwa kukupatsani chithandizo chamankhwala choyambirira asanakutengereni kuchipatala pakagwa ngozi. Iwo si madokotala.
- Wothandizira odwala ali ndi maphunziro ambiri komanso luso lochita chithandizo chovuta kuposa EMT.
- Ngati pachitika ngozi yadzidzidzi, monga ngozi, matenda a mtima, kapena kupuma movutikira, musazengereze kuyimbira foni chithandizo chadzidzidzi monga 1990.
- EMT ikafika, idzakhala yothandiza kwambiri kuti ikuthandizeni, popanda mantha, komanso kufotokoza momveka bwino zomwe zachitika komanso momwe wodwalayo alili.
- Ntchito yawo ndi kukusungani ndi moyo mpaka mutatumizidwa kwa dokotala kuchipatala.
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