Monga mayi woyembekezera, mungakhale mukuyembekezera mwana wanu kubwera padziko lapansi ali wathanzi. Komabe, nthawi zina mavuto azaumoyo osayembekezereka angabuke. Lero, tikambirana za vuto lalikulu lobadwa nalo lomwe anthu ambiri sanamvepo. Izi zimatchedwa Anencephaly. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.
Kodi Anencephaly kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, anencephaly ndi matenda omwe mwana amabadwa popanda kukula bwino kwa ziwalo za ubongo ndi chigaza. Uwu ndi matenda osowa kwambiri komanso owopsa kwambiri.
Tiyeni timvetse bwino izi. Mukakhala ndi pakati, m'masabata oyamba, ubongo wa mwana wanu ndi msana wake zimayamba kupanga ngati chipolopolo chathyathyathya cha maselo. Taganizirani izi ngati kukulunga tsamba lathyathyathya mu chubu, ndipo chipolopolo cha maselochi chimapindika pang'onopang'ono ndikupanga kapangidwe kofanana ndi chubu. Timachitcha ichi chubu cha mitsempha . Chipolopolo cha mitsempha ichi chiyenera kutsekedwa kwathunthu patatha masiku 28-32 kuchokera pamene mimba yatenga.
Komabe, ngati pazifukwa zina thireyi ya mitsempha siitseka kwathunthu, kabowo kakang'ono kamatsala. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti neural tube defects . Anencephaly ndi chimodzi mwa zolakwika za neural tube. Pankhaniyi, neural tube imakhala yotseguka pansi pa chigaza. Zotsatira zake, mbali zakutsogolo ndi zakumtunda za ubongo ndi zina zokhudzana nazo za chigaza sizikukula.
Kodi n’chiyani chingayambitse matenda a anencephaly?
N'zovuta kudziwa chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimayambitsa izi. Kuphatikiza zinthu zingapo kungayambitse izi. Zinthu monga majini, kusowa zakudya m'thupi, ndi zinthu zina zomwe mayi amakumana nazo panthawi ya mimba ndi zina mwa zinthu zazikulu.
Tiyeni tifotokozenso zinthu zoopsa izi mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Choopsa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kusowa kwa Folic Acid | Chifukwa chachikulu ndi kusalandira folic acid yokwanira musanayambe komanso panthawi ya mimba. Vitamini iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa minyewa ya mwana. |
| Mankhwala ena | Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu, matenda amisala monga bipolar disorder, ndi mutu waching'alang'ala, monga Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, ndi Valproic acid , angapangitse chiopsezocho kukhala chachikulu. |
| Matenda a shuga osalamulirika | Ngati mayi ali ndi matenda a shuga ndipo shuga m'magazi mwake sakuyendetsedwa bwino panthawi ya mimba, zingasokoneze chitukuko cha mwana. |
| Kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi | M'masabata oyambirira a mimba (pamene thireyi ya mitsempha ikupanga), zingakhale zoopsa kutenga malungo aakulu kapena kukhala m'madzi otentha kwambiri, monga hot tub kapena sauna. |
| Kunenepa kwambiri | Kulemera kwambiri kwa mayi ndi chinthu chomwe chingakhudze kukula kwa mwana kumayambiriro kwa mimba. |
| Matenda a majini | Anencephaly ingayambitsidwenso ndi matenda enaake a majini, monga Trisomy 18. Komabe, nthawi zambiri izi sizimachitika chifukwa cha cholowa, koma kusintha kwa majini mwachisawawa. |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a opioid | Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti ana a amayi omwe ankagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu a opioid monga Codeine, Tramadol, ndi Morphine m'miyezi iwiri yoyambirira ya mimba amakhala ndi vuto la mitsempha. |
Kodi vutoli lingathe kupezeka panthawi ya mimba?
Inde, ndithudi. Monga gawo la chisamaliro chanu cha amayi oyembekezera, dokotala wanu adzakuyesani mayeso angapo kuti aone ngati pali vuto la mitsempha ya m'mitsempha.
- Kujambula kwa Ultrasound:Iyi ndiyo njira yaikulu. Kujambulaku kumathandiza dokotala kuona kapangidwe ka chigaza cha mwana, ubongo, ndi msana. Anencephaly nthawi zambiri imatha kuzindikirika bwino pa kujambulaku.
- Kuyeza Magazi kwa Quad Marker Screen: Iyi ndi njira yoyezera magazi a mayi. Imayesa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala otchedwa Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) m'magazi a mayi. AFP imapangidwa ndi chiwindi cha mwana. Ngati kuchuluka kwa AFP m'magazi a mayi kuli kokwera kwambiri, zingasonyeze kuti mwana akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la mitsempha (monga anencephaly).
- Kujambula MRI ya mwana wosabadwayo: Ngati pali china chake chomwe sichikumveka bwino kuchokera ku ultrasound scan, MRI scan ikhoza kuchitidwa kuti mupeze zithunzi zomveka bwino komanso zatsatanetsatane za ubongo wa mwana ndi msana .
- Amniocentesis: Mu mayeso awa, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala kwambiri kuti atenge chitsanzo cha madzi amniotic ozungulira mwana. Madzi awa amayesedwa kuchuluka kwa enzyme yotchedwa AFP ndi acetylcholinesterase. Kuchuluka kwa izi ndi chizindikiro cha vuto la neural tube.
Kodi pali mankhwala a izi?
Iyi ndi gawo lomvetsa chisoni kwambiri pa nkhaniyi.
Mwatsoka, palibe mankhwala kapena mankhwala a anencephaly.
Izi ndi zovuta kwambiri kuzipirira. Mimba yambiri yokhala ndi vuto la mitsempha ya m'mitsempha imatha kubweretsa mimba. Ana ena omwe ali ndi vuto la ubongo amabadwa ali akufa. Ngakhale mwana atabadwa ali ndi moyo, moyo wake umakhala wochepa kwa maola kapena masiku angapo.
Ngati vutoli ladziwika, dokotala wanu ndi ogwira ntchito kuchipatala adzakupatsani inu ndi banja lanu chithandizo chofunikira chamaganizo. Mwana akabadwa, adzakupatsani malo ofunikira kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yochuluka momwe mungathere ndi mwana panthawi yochepa imeneyo.
Kodi tingatani kuti tichepetse chiopsezochi?
Ngakhale kuti matenda a anencephaly sangapewedwe 100%, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tingachite kuti tichepetse kwambiri chiopsezochi. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa amayi omwe akukonzekera kuyambitsa banja.
- Folic Acid: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Ngati mukukonzekera kukhala ndi mwana , yambani kumwa 400 micrograms (400 mcg) ya folic acid tsiku lililonse kwa miyezi itatu isanafike nthawi yobereka.Muyenera kupitiriza kumwa mankhwalawa kwa miyezi itatu yoyambirira mutatenga pakati. Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani mlingo womwe mukufuna.
- Samalani ndi mankhwala: Ngati mukukonzekera kukhala ndi mwana, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa (makamaka matenda monga khunyu kapena matenda amisala). Iye angakulangizeni njira zina zotetezeka ngati pakufunika kutero.
- Pewani mankhwala ochepetsa ululu a opioid: Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi pakati kapena muli ndi pakati, pewani kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu a opioid popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
- Konzani kutentha kwa thupi lanu: Pewani kupita ku mabafa otentha ndi malo osambira musanayambe kutenga pakati. Ngati mukuyamba kutentha thupi, funsani dokotala wanu momwe mungachepetsere kutentha thupi.
- Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino: Yesetsani kukhala ndi kulemera kwabwino ngakhale musanakhale ndi mwana.
- Kusamalira matenda a shuga: Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mungawathanitsire bwino musanayambe kutenga pakati komanso nthawi yonse yomwe muli ndi pakati.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Anencephaly ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri lobadwa nalo lomwe limayambitsa imfa chifukwa ubongo ndi chigaza cha mwana sizimakula bwino.
- Palibe mankhwala a vutoli.
- Ngati mukukonzekera kukhala ndi mwana, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa folic acid miyezi ingapo mimba isanakwane. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha zolakwika mu neural tube.
- Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa komanso matenda monga matenda a shuga musanayambe kutenga pakati.
- Kujambula pa nthawi ya mimba kungathandize kuzindikira matendawa msanga. Choncho musazengereze kupita kuchipatala.
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