Tangoganizani kuti munthu amene mumamudziwa bwino komanso amene kale anali ndi thanzi labwino ayamba kuchita zinthu zachilendo pang'ono. Amataya kukumbukira, amavutika kuyenda , ndipo amalankhula mawu otukwana akamalankhula. Ngati zinthuzi zitachitika mofulumira kwambiri kwa miyezi ingapo, zitha kukhala chifukwa cha vuto la ubongo lomwe silidziwika bwino koma lalikulu kwambiri. Lero tikulankhula za matenda ena otere, matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob, kapena CJD monga momwe tonse timatchulira. Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ndi yoopsa pang'ono, ndikofunikira kudziwa zambiri za matendawa.
Kodi CJD ndi "matenda a ng'ombe openga" ndi chinthu chimodzi?
Anthu ambiri amasokoneza CJD ndi "Matenda a Ng'ombe Zamisala." Komabe, awiriwa si ofanana.
Mwachidule, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) ndi matenda a muubongo omwe amakhudza ng'ombe zokha. Akachitika, mitsempha ya ng'ombe imawonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisamayende bwino komanso zizichita zinthu modabwitsa.
Komabe, pali mtundu wa CJD womwe anthu angatenge podya nyama ya ng'ombe yomwe ili ndi matenda amisala a ng'ombe . Umatchedwa Variant CJD (vCJD) . Koma izi n'zosowa kwambiri . Pali milandu yochepa kwambiri yomwe yanenedwa padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa chake si momwe matenda a CJD omwe timalankhula nthawi zambiri amachitikira.
N’chifukwa chiyani matenda a CJD amenewa amapezeka?
Chifukwa chachikulu cha CJD ndi kusintha kosazolowereka kwa puloteni m'thupi lathu. Puloteni yosazolowereka iyi imatchedwa prion .
Taganizirani za puloteni yathanzi muubongo mwathu ngati pepala lopindidwa bwino. Puloteni yosinthika iyi yotchedwa prion imabwera ndikupindika pepala labwinoli molakwika. Kenako chidutswa chopindikacho chimapindika mapepala ena abwino molakwika. Ndipo motero, maselo a ubongo amawonongeka pang'onopang'ono. Mukayang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu, minofu ya ubongo yowonongekayi imaoneka ngati siponji.
Pali mitundu itatu ya CJD kutengera momwe prion imapangidwira.
| Mtundu wa CJD | Chifukwa ndi kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| CJD yosakhazikika | Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Pazifukwa zomveka bwino, puloteni yathanzi imasinthasintha mwadzidzidzi ndipo imakhala prion. Odwala ambiri a CJD ali ndi mtundu uwu. |
| CJD ya Banja | Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto la majini. Ngati kholo limodzi lili ndi jini yosinthika yomwe imayambitsa matendawa, imatha kufalikira kwa ana. Koma izi ndizosowa kwambiri. Pafupifupi 10%-15% yokha ya odwala CJD ndi omwe ali mgululi. |
| CJD yopezedwa | Mtundu uwu ndi wosowa kwambiri. Munthu amatha kutenga CJD kudzera mu zipangizo zachipatala zodetsedwa (monga panthawi ya opaleshoni), kuikidwa chiwalo, kapena jakisoni wa mahomoni okulirapo omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Chiwopsezochi chachepetsedwa kwambiri ndi njira zodzitetezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala masiku ano. |
Kodi zizindikiro za CJD ndi ziti?
Chinthu choopsa kwambiri pa CJD ndichakuti zizindikiro zimayamba mofulumira kwambiri ndipo zimakula mofulumira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikirozi zimafanana ndi za matenda a dementia.
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimawonekera ndi izi:
- Kutaya kukumbukira ndi kusokonezeka
- Kuyenda movutikira komanso kutayika bwino kwa mphamvu
- Kugwedezeka kwa minofu mwadzidzidzi (kusuntha mogwedezeka)
- Kusintha kwa umunthu (kukwiya mwadzidzidzi, kukwiya)
- Kuvuta kuganiza ndi kupanga zisankho
- Mavuto a masomphenya
- Kusowa tulo ndi kuvutika maganizo
Kusiyana pakati pa matenda a CJD ndi matenda a Alzheimer's
Zizindikiro zimenezi zingakukumbutseni za matenda a Alzheimer . Koma kusiyana kwakukulu ndi liwiro . Mu matenda a Alzheimer, zinthu monga kuiwala kukumbukira zimachitika pang'onopang'ono pakapita zaka zambiri. Koma mu CJD, matenda a wodwalayo amakula mofulumira kwambiri, mkati mwa milungu kapena miyezi kuyambira pamene zizindikirozi zayamba.
Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa molondola?
Mwatsoka, palibe mayeso amodzi omwe angatsimikizire CJD. Madokotala amapanga matendawa kutengera zizindikiro za wodwalayo komanso momwe amakulira mwachangu. Komabe, ngati akukayikira kuti matendawa ndi owopsa, mayeso angapo amachitidwa kuti atsimikizire matendawa.
- Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Izi zitha kujambula zithunzi za ubongo mwatsatanetsatane. Zingathe kuwona kusintha kwina mu ubongo komwe kumachitika mu CJD.
- Mayeso a EEG (Electroencephalogram): Mayesowa amayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya ubongo pogwiritsa ntchito masensa ang'onoang'ono omwe ali pakhungu la mutu. Mayesowa amatha kusonyeza mawonekedwe omwe ali ofanana ndi odwala CJD.
- Kuboola Lumbar: Pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala kwambiri, madzi ochepa a m'mitsempha ya ubongo amatengedwa kuchokera mkati mwa chingwe cha msana ndikuyesedwa mapuloteni enaake omwe amapezeka mu CJD.
Njira yokhayo yotsimikizira matendawa ndi chitsimikizo cha 100% ndikutenga chitsanzo cha minofu ya ubongo (biopsy). Komabe, kutenga chitsanzo chotere kuchokera muubongo wa munthu wamoyo ndi koopsa kwambiri kwa wodwala komanso dokotala, kotero nthawi zambiri sichimachitika. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amatsimikizika bwino wodwalayo akamwalira.
Momwe matendawa amakulirakulira pakapita nthawi
CJD imadutsa m'magawo angapo pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zopweteka kwambiri kwa wodwalayo komanso banja lake.
| Gawo la matendawa | Zinthu zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa |
|---|---|
| Gawo loyambirira | Kusalankhula bwino akamalankhula, chizungulire, dzanzi m'thupi, kuona zinthu zomwe sizilipo (kuona zinthu zoti sizikuchitika), kukwiya popanda chifukwa, kudzipatula ku gulu, komanso kusowa tulo. |
| Gawo lotsatira | Kulephera kulamulira matumbo ndi chikhodzodzo, kuvutika kwambiri kumeza ndi kulankhula, kuiwala kwambiri, mantha, kugona tulo tofa nato, kukomoka. |
Pafupifupi 70% ya anthu omwe ali ndi CJD amafa atapezeka ndi matendawa.Mudzafa pasanathe chaka chimodzi. Mukamva izi, mungamve mantha kwambiri, chisoni, komanso kukwiya. Izi sizachilendo. Musavutike nokha panthawi ngati iyi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndikupeza chithandizo chofunikira chamaganizo.
Kodi pali chithandizo cha CJD?
Mwatsoka, palibe mankhwala kapena mankhwala a CJD omwe alipo. Ofufuza ayesa mankhwala angapo, koma palibe omwe apambana.
Chinthu chokhacho chomwe chingachitike pakali pano ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro . Izi zikutanthauza:
- Kupereka mankhwala ochepetsa ululu.
- Kupereka mankhwala ochiritsira kuuma kwa minofu ndi kupweteka kwa minofu.
- Kupereka zinthu zofunika kuti wodwalayo akhale womasuka momwe angathere.
Matendawa akakula kwambiri, wodwalayo adzafunika chisamaliro cha nthawi zonse. Kafukufuku akupitilira kuti apeze mankhwala a matendawa mtsogolo. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kufunsa dokotala wanu za mayeso azachipatala omwe akuyesa mankhwala atsopano.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD) ndi matenda owopsa kwambiri muubongo omwe amafalikira mofulumira komanso osowa kwambiri.
- Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo a ubongo ndi puloteni yosinthika yotchedwa prion.
- CJD ndi "Matenda a Ng'ombe Zamisala" ndi zinthu ziwiri zosiyana. Komabe, pali mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa CJD (vCJD) womwe ungatengedwe ndi kudya nyama ya ng'ombe yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka.
- Palibe mankhwala a matendawa pakadali pano. Chomwe chingachitike ndikungoletsa zizindikiro zake ndikupangitsa wodwalayo kukhala womasuka.
- Ngati munthu amene mumamudziwa akusintha kwambiri kukumbukira, khalidwe, ndi ntchito zakuthupi pakapita nthawi yochepa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Kuzindikira matenda mwachangu ndikofunikira kuti mukonzekere bwino komanso musamale bwino.
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