Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza matenda a mtima a "Widowmaker"!

Kodi mudamvapo za matenda a mtima otchedwa "Widowmaker"? Uwu ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa matenda a mtima. Ndipotu, ukhoza kukhala chiwopsezo chadzidzidzi pa miyoyo yathu. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane lero, chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti inu ndi okondedwa anu mudziwe izi.

Kodi matenda a mtima a "Widowmaker" amenewa ndi otani?

Mwachidule, matenda a mtima a "amasiye" ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa matenda a mtima. Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa ndi chakuti imodzi mwa mitsempha yayikulu kwambiri yamagazi mumtima mwathu, mtsempha waukulu womwe umapatsa magazi kumtima, imatsekeka kwathunthu. Mtsempha uwu umatchedwa Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) . Kunena zoona, mtsempha uwu wa LAD ndi womwe umanyamula magazi oyera okhala ndi mpweya wambiri kupita ku ventricle yakumanzere ya mtima wathu, chipinda chachikulu chopopera magazi pansi pa mtima. Mtsempha wakumanzere uwu ndi womwe umatumiza magazi ku aorta, yomwe imapopera magazi ku thupi lonse. Ndiye tangoganizirani zomwe zingachitike ngati mtsempha waukulu uwu utatsekeka!

Madokotala amatcha matenda a mtima kuti "myocardial infarction." Izi zikutanthauza kuti minofu ya mtima (myocardium) silandira magazi okwanira. Popanda mpweya, minofu ya mtima imayamba kufa. Matenda a mtima ndi vuto ladzidzidzi. Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi matenda a mtima, imbani 1990 (ambulansi yadzidzidzi ya ku Sri Lanka) nthawi yomweyo, kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi.

Kodi izi ndi zoonadi?

Matenda a mtima a "amasiye" awa ndi chinthu chomwe chingakhale choopsa nthawi yomweyo . Taganizirani izi, mtsempha wa LAD womwe tidakambirana kale, umapereka pafupifupi 50%, kapena theka, la magazi omwe minofu ya mtima wathu imafuna. Chifukwa chake, ikatsekedwa kwathunthu, gawo lalikulu la mtima limatsekedwa kuti magazi asayende bwino. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndi loopsa kwambiri.

Ndani angadwale matenda a mtima awa?

Ngakhale kuti imatchedwa "Widowmaker," zomwe zikutanthauza "wopanga mkazi wamasiye," iyi si matenda omwe amakhudza amuna okha. Akazi amathanso kudwala matenda a mtima amtunduwu. Choncho musanyengedwe ndi dzinalo.

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a mtima:

• Zaka: Ngati ndinu mwamuna, mutatha zaka 45. Ngati ndinu mkazi, mutatha zaka 50.
• Mbiri ya banja: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a mtima.
• Zakudya Zosapatsa Thanzi: Ngati mumadya chakudya chochuluka chomwe chili ndi mafuta ambiri, mchere, shuga, ulusi wochepa, komanso chosakwanira, tiyeneranso kuganizira za "zakudya zofulumira" ndi "mpunga wokazinga" zomwe timadya.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya: Ngati mukusuta ndudu, gwiritsani ntchito zinthu monga bidis, ndudu, ndi zina zotero.
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Ngati mumakhala moyo wosachita masewera olimbitsa thupi popanda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Matenda ena:
• Kunenepa kwambiri kumatanthauza kunenepa kwambiri.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwambiri .
• Cholesterol yambiri.
• Matenda a shuga (Diabetes Mellitus) .

Kodi zizindikiro zochenjeza za izi ndi ziti?

"Widowmaker" Izi ndi zina mwa zizindikiro zomwe zingachitike panthawi ya matenda a mtima. Ngati mukukumana ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi, musanyalanyaze.

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino: Ichi ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu. Chingamveke ngati kupanikizika pachifuwa, kulemera kwakukulu pakati pa pachifuwa, kapena kumva kufinya. Anthu ena angamve kutentha pachifuwa.
• Kuvuta kupuma: Mwadzidzidzi kumakhala kovuta kupuma, ndipo mungamve ngati mukukomoka.
• Chizungulire: Mungamve ngati mutu wanu ukuzungulira ndipo zingakhale zovuta kuyimirira.
• Kusanza m'mimba kapena nseru: Mungamve ngati m'mimba mwanu mukutembenuka kapena mungamve ngati mukusanza. Anthu ena amasokoneza izi ndi gastritis.
• Kutopa kwambiri: Kumva kutopa kwambiri komanso kutopa mwadzidzidzi popanda chifukwa.
• Kusamva bwino: Kumva ngati watopa kapena wazunguzika mutu.
• Ululu kwina kulikonse m'thupi lapamwamba: Ululu uwu ukhoza kuyambira pachifuwa ndikufalikira pansi pa mkono wakumanzere, mpaka paphewa, pakhosi, nsagwada, kapena pakati pa msana.

Chofunika kwambiri: Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, imbani 1990 nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi. Musayendetse galimoto nokha. Uzani banja lanu. Nthawi ndiyofunika kwambiri apa!

Kodi n’chiyani chikuchititsa vutoli?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a mtima a "amasiye" ndi matenda otchedwa "atherosclerosis." Mwachidule, izi zimachitika pamene cholesterol ndi mafuta ena ochokera ku zakudya zosapatsa thanzi zomwe timadya zimasonkhana m'makoma a mitsempha yathu ya LAD. Monga dzimbiri lomwe limasonkhana mu chitoliro cha madzi, mitsempha iyi imachepa pang'onopang'ono ndikulimbitsa mitsempha. Pamapeto pake, mitsempha iyi imatha kuphulika, ndikupanga magazi kuundana omwe angatseke mitsempha yonse. Pamenepo ndi pomwe matenda a mtima amabuka.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?

Mukapita kuchipatala, madokotala adzayesa kangapo kuti adziwe vuto la mtima la "wofedwa" uyu.

• Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Iyi imayesa momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito. Kusintha kwa izi kungawonekere panthawi ya matenda a mtima. Iyi ndi mayeso omwe amachitidwa pomata timitengo tating'ono pachifuwa kapena m'manja.
• Echocardiogram: Izi zili ngati kujambula mtima. Kungathe kuwona momwe mtima ukupopera, momwe ma valve amagwirira ntchito, komanso ngati pali kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa minofu ya mtima.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Pali ma enzyme enaake (monga troponin) omwe amatulutsidwa m'magazi minofu ya mtima ikawonongeka. Kuchuluka kwawo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsimikizira kudwala kwa mtima.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa:Izi zimathandiza kufufuza mavuto ena pachifuwa, monga mtima wokulirapo.
• Coronary Angiogram: Iyi ndiye njira yayikulu yoyesera kuti muwone momwe mitsempha ya magazi yatsekekera. Chubu chaching'ono chimalowetsedwa mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja kapena mwendo, utoto umalowetsedwa mu mitsempha ya mtima, ndipo X-ray imatengedwa.
• Kujambula kwa CT ya Mtima (Cardiac Computed Tomography - CT): Uku ndi kujambula kwapadera komwe kumachitika kuti muwone momwe mitsempha ya mtima ilili.
• Kujambula kwa Mtima (MRI ya Maginito): Izi zingaperekenso chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane chokhudza kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya mtima.
• Kujambula mtima kwa nyukiliya: Izi zitha kuwonanso momwe magazi akuyenderera mumtima.

Kodi mankhwala omwe alipo ndi ati?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu ngati izi pochiza matenda a mtima a "widomaker":

• Chigoba cha mpweya: Mpweya umaperekedwa kuti uchepetse vuto la kupuma ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umafika pamtima.
• Mitundu ya mankhwala:
• Chepetsani ululu.
• Sungunulani magazi oundana kapena muwaletse kupanga magazi (monga aspirin, clopidogrel).
• Lamulirani kayimbidwe ka mtima kosazolowereka.
• Kuchepetsa cholesterol (ma statins).
• Lamulirani kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Angioplasty: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa buluni kakang'ono mu mtsempha wa LAD wotsekeka ndikuupopera kuti ukulitse malo otsekekawo.
• Kuika stent: Pambuyo poti mtsempha wamagazi wakulitsidwa ndi angioplasty, chipangizo chaching'ono chonga maukonde (stent) chimayikidwa pamalo ake kuti chisapapatizenso. Iyi nthawi zambiri ndiyo njira yofulumira kwambiri yothandizira.
• Opaleshoni ya Coronary Artery Bypass (CABG): Ngati mtsempha wa magazi watsekedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana, kapena ngati ndi wopapatiza kwambiri kuti ugwirizane ndi stent, opaleshoni iyi ya bypass imachitika. Izi zimaphatikizapo kudutsa mtsempha wotsekedwa ndikupanga njira yatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito chidutswa cha mtsempha wotengedwa kuchokera mbali ina ya thupi.

Kawirikawiri, mkazi kapena mwamuna amene waferedwa angafunike kukhala m’chipatala kwa masiku awiri kapena anayi pambuyo pa matenda a mtima. Komabe, anthu ena angafunike kukhala nthawi yayitali ngati pakhala mavuto.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwalawa?

Inde, mankhwala ena angayambitse zotsatirapo zazing'ono.

• Nthawi zina pamakhala chiopsezo chotaya magazi chifukwa cha mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.
• Mukayika stent, muyenera kumwa mankhwala enaake (monga Aspirin, Clopidogrel) kwa moyo wanu wonse kuti magazi asaundane mkati mwake.
• Mukachitidwa opaleshoni ya bypass, pali mwayi wochepa woti mavuto aakulu monga sitiroko, matenda ena a mtima, kapena imfa, achitike, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina sizichitika kawirikawiri. Koma madokotala amachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti achepetse zoopsazi.

Kodi tingatani kuti tipewe izi?

Mwamwayi, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tichepetse chiopsezo chathu chotenga matenda aliwonse a mtima, kuphatikizapo matenda a mtima a "amasiye". Ngati achitika bwino, izi zingapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu.

• Zakudya zabwino pamtima:
• Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa: Chepetsani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, zakudya zopangidwa ndi mafuta a kokonati (pang'ono pang'ono), nyama yofiira (ng'ombe, nkhumba), chakudya chofulumira, ndi zakudya zophika buledi (zokhala ndi batala ndi margarine wambiri) momwe mungathere.
• Kuchepetsa shuga: Chepetsani zakudya zokhala ndi shuga monga zakumwa zotsekemera, makeke, mabisiketi, ndi ayisikilimu. Tiyeneranso kusamala ndi shuga amene timawonjezera mu tiyi yathu.
• Kuchepetsa mchere: Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe mumawonjezera pa chakudya chanu. Ma pickles, nsomba zokhala ndi mchere, ndi sosi nazonso zimakhala ndi mchere wambiri.
• Ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, ndi masamba obiriwira: Ziphatikizepo izi muzakudya zingapo patsiku. Zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri ndi zabwino kwambiri pamtima.
• Nsomba: Idyani nsomba osachepera masiku awiri pa sabata. Makamaka nsomba zokhala ndi mafuta monga salimoni, mackerel, ndi sardine ndi zabwino.
• Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yambiri, ndi matenda a shuga: Ngati muli ndi matenda awa, imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani pa nthawi yake. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi zonse.
• Pewani fodya konse: Siyani kusuta fodya nthawi yomweyo. Kukhala pafupi ndi anthu omwe amasuta (kusuta fodya mosachita kusuta) nakonso n'koopsa.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera mphindi 150 pa sabata (ndiko kuti mphindi 30 patsiku, masiku 5 pa sabata). Kuyenda mwachangu, kuthamanga, kukwera njinga, kapena kusambira ndi njira zabwino.
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera: Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera malinga ndi kutalika kwanu. Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a mtima.
• Kuthetsa kupsinjika maganizo: Yesetsani kupumula maganizo anu kudzera mu zinthu monga yoga ndi kusinkhasinkha. Gonani mokwanira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani munthu akadwala matenda a mtima otchedwa "Widowmaker"?

Kawirikawiri zimatenga milungu isanu ndi itatu kuti munthu achire matenda a mtima a "masiye", koma izi zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu.

• Anthu ena amatha kubwerera kuntchito pakatha milungu iwiri.
• Kwa ena, zingatenge miyezi itatu kuti achire bwino.
• Ngati ntchito yanu ndi yovuta kwambiri (monga ulimi, zomangamanga), mungafune kuganizira zosintha ntchito yosavuta.

Kodi zinthu zili bwanji kwa nthawi yayitali?

Izi zitha kumveka zoopsa, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa. 50% ya imfa chifukwa cha matenda a mtima zimachitika mkati mwa maola ochepa oyamba zizindikiro zikayamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zonse timanena kuti tipite kuchipatala zizindikiro zikayamba kuonekera.

Komabe, ngati mungapulumuke masiku angapo mutatha kudwala matenda a mtima, anthu ambiri akhoza kuchira mokwanira.Komabe, malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi 10% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima amamwalira mkati mwa chaka choyamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kusintha moyo wanu ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu mutadwala matenda a mtima.

Ndingadzisamalire bwanji pambuyo pake?

Ngati mwadwala matenda a mtima, muyenera kusintha zinthu zina zazikulu kuti musadzabwerezenso. Ganizirani izi ngati chiyambi chatsopano.

• Chitani nawo mapulogalamu ochiritsira matenda a mtima: Mukatuluka m'chipatala, madokotala anu angakutumizireni ku pulogalamu yotchedwa "cardiac rehab." Pulogalamuyi imakuphunzitsani zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo momwe mungamachitire masewera olimbitsa thupi, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima, komanso kuthana ndi nkhawa. Onetsetsani kuti mwachita izi.
• Zakudya zabwino pamtima: Monga tafotokozera kale, sankhani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, mchere, ndi shuga, komanso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri.
• Kuthana ndi kupsinjika maganizo: Sungani maganizo anu osangalala. Khalani ndi nthawi yocheza ndi banja lanu komanso anzanu.
• Kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito fodya konse: Izi ndi zofunika.
• Imwani mankhwala monga momwe dokotala wanenera: Musaphonye mankhwala aliwonse omwe dokotala wakupatsani, imwani pa nthawi yake komanso mu mlingo womwe mwapatsidwa. Mankhwala ena ayenera kumwedwa moyo wanu wonse. Musakhale aulesi. Ndi chifukwa cha chitetezo chanu.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Onetsetsani kuti mwapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu kuchipatala chonse chomwe mwapatsidwa. Akufuna kuona momwe mukuchira, ngati muli ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa chifukwa cha mankhwala anu, komanso ngati mlingo wanu uyenera kusinthidwa. Funsani mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo panthawiyo.

Kodi ndiyenera kupitanso ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro za matenda a mtima kachiwiri (monga kupweteka pachifuwa komwe tidakambirana kale, kupuma movutikira), imbani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi mwamsanga . Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Kodi ndi mafunso otani ofunika kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, musazengereze kufunsa mafunso ngati awa:

• "Kodi pali mwayi wotani woti ndidwalenso matenda a mtima?"
• "Ndi chithandizo chiti chabwino kwambiri cha vuto langa?"
• "Kodi pali magulu othandizira omwe anthu omwe akuchira matenda a mtima angalowe nawo?"
• "Ndiyenera kusamala bwanji ndi chakudya ndi zakumwa?"
• "Ndiyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi bwanji?"

Kudziwa bwino zinthu izi kudzakuthandizani kwambiri.

Pomaliza, pali chinthu choti mukumbukire! (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Matenda a mtima a "Widowmaker" ndi owopsa kwambiri. Komabe, podziwa bwino za matendawa ndikuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, tingapewe kuwonongeka kwakukulu.

Ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a mtima, funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo.Izi zikutanthauza kuyimbira foni 1990. Mukafika kuchipatala msanga, madokotala ambiri amatha kupulumutsa minofu ya mtima wanu. Ogwira ntchito ku ambulansi adzayamba kukuthandizani akangofika kuchipatala. Choncho ndi bwino kuyimbira foni ambulansi m'malo mopempha mnzanu kapena wachibale kuti akuyendetseni.

Samalirani mtima wanu. Khalani ndi moyo wathanzi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa inu ndi okondedwa anu. Choncho, adziwitseni izi.

` matenda a mtima a widowmaker, matenda a mtima, mtima, mitsempha ya LAD, kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, thanzi la mtima, atherosclerosis, cholesterol, chisamaliro chadzidzidzi