Reka tumenye byinshi kuri DXA scan (Igipimo cy'ubucucike bw'amagufwa) gipima imbaraga z'amagufwa yawe!

Ese wigeze wibaza ukuntu amagufwa yawe imbere akomeye? Hari igihe tutayabona inyuma, ariko sisitemu yacu y'amagufwa niyo ituma duhora duhagaze neza kandi igashyigikira umubiri wacu wose. Rero ni ingenzi cyane kumenya imbaraga z'aya magufwa, cyane cyane kugira ngo twirinde zimwe mu ngorane z'ubuzima ziterwa no gusaza. Aho niho DXA scan (Bone Density Test) ishobora kudufasha.

Gupima DXA ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Gupima DXA ni ikizamini cyihariye gipima imbaraga, cyangwa ubucucike, bw'amagufwa yawe. Gikoresha X-rays kugira ngo kirebe uburyo amagufwa yawe afite ubunini n'imbaraga. DXA isobanura "Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry." Ariko kubera ko bigoye kwibuka izina rinini nk'iryo, twese tuyita DXA scan, cyangwa ikizamini cy'ubucucike bw'amagufwa. Cyahoze cyitwa DEXA scan, ariko abaganga ntibagikoresha cyane.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara DXA scan ikoreshwa mu gusuzuma?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma muganga agusaba gupimwa DXA. Impamvu nyamukuru ni izi:

• Menya indwara ya Osteoporose: Iyi ni indwara aho amagufwa acika intege, agacika intege, kandi agacika byoroshye. Iyi ndwara ikunze kubaho uko umuntu akura.
• Menya imiterere ya osteopenia: Iyi ni indwara aho ubucucike bw'amagufwa buba buri hasi ugereranije n'ibisanzwe, nubwo butari bukomeye nk'ubwo osteoporosis, kandi amagufwa atangiye kunanuka. Ibi bishobora kuba intandaro y'indwara ya osteoporosis.
• Suzuma ibyago byo kuvunika kw'amagufwa yawe: Niba amagufwa yawe afite intege nke, ushobora kuvunika igufwa nubwo ryagwa gato. Iyi scan irashobora kugufasha kumenya ibyago byawe.

Abaganga bakoresha iki kizamini kugira ngo barebe uburyo amagufwa yawe ahinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita. Tekereza kuri ubu buryo:

• Imbaraga z'amagufwa zigabanuka uko umuntu asaza. Reba uburyo bibaho vuba n'uburyo byagabanutse.
• Imiti imwe (nk'imiti ya corticosteroids) ishobora gutera gutakaza amagufwa nk'ingaruka mbi iyo utangiye kuyifata . Gerageza gusuzuma ubuzima bw'amagufwa yawe mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa.
• Niba usanzwe uvurwa indwara yitwa "Osteoporosis" cyangwa "Osteopenia", reba niba ubwo buryo bwo kuvura bwarazamuye cyangwa bwakomeje amagufwa yawe.

Ese ngomba gupimwa DXA?

Mu by’ukuri, umuntu wese ashobora kungukirwa no gupimwa na DXA kugira ngo arebe ubucucike bw’amagufwa ye. Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupimwa iki kizamini niba afite impungenge ku bucucike bw’amagufwa yawe cyangwa ibyago byawe byo kuvunika.

Ariko, hari abantu bamwe na bamwe mu bisanzwe bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara zigira ingaruka ku bucucike bw'amagufwa, nka osteoporosis. Kubwibyo, hari amatsinda menshi asaba ko DXA scan ikorwa buri gihe :

• Abagore barengeje imyaka 65.
• Abagabo barengeje imyaka 70.
• Abantu barengeje imyaka 50 bigeze kuvunika igufwa (ndetse n'impanuka nto)
• Abantu bafite ababyeyi cyangwa ba nyirakuru barwaye indwara yo kubura amaraso.
• Abantu bafite santimetero imwe n'igice cyangwa bagufi kurusha uko bari bari iyo bageze mu burebure bwabo (ubusanzwe bari mu myaka ya za 20). (Iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'intege nke z'amagufwa.)

Ndetse n'abari munsi y'iyi myaka, bafite ibyago byinshi byo gutakaza amagufwa, bashobora gukenera gupimwa DXA buri gihe. Muganga wawe azakubwira igihe n'inshuro ugomba gukora iki kizamini.

Ni ibihe bintu bindi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bucucike bw'amagufwa?

Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe ufata n'imiti bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo ku bucucike bw'amagufwa yawe. Dore ingero nke:

• Zimwe mu ndwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri .
• Kunywa itabi cyangwa gukoresha ibindi bicuruzwa by'itabi.
• Kuba umuntu anywa inzoga cyangwa kunywa inzoga zirenze eshatu ku munsi.
• Kubura Vitamine D.
• Gukoresha imiti nka corticosteroids igihe kirekire.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe irwanya kanseri .
• Imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri .
• Imiti igabanya imisemburo .
• Imiti ivura indwara zimwe na zimwe z'igicuri .
• Ibinini bya pompe ya proton (PPIs) (ibi bikunze gutangwa ku ndwara nka gastritis na gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)).
• Heparin (umuti ubuza amaraso kuvura).

Iki kizamini cyo gupima ubucucike bw'amagufwa (DXA scan) gikorwa gite?

Ikizamini cy’ubucucike bw’amagufwa gikoresha X-ray nkeya kugira ngo gipime ubucucike n’imiterere y’imyunyungugu y’amagufwa yawe. Bisa gato na X-ray isanzwe. Niyo mpamvu X muri DXA isobanura "X."

Igikuru ni uko ubu buryo ari ubuganga bwo kwa muganga . Ibyo bivuze ko udakwiye kuguma mu bitaro. Nta nshinge cyangwa inshinge bihari. Kandi nta bubabare buhari.

Ushobora kwambara imyenda isanzwe muri iki kizamini, cyangwa ugasabwa kwambara ikanzu yo kwa muganga.

Dore uko DXA scan ikunze kubaho:

1. Uzategekwa kuryama ku meza yihariye ya X-ray.

2. Umutekinisiye (umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga rya radiyo) azagufasha kwihagararaho neza. Ushobora gushyirwa munsi y'amaguru yawe cyangwa hafi yayo kugira ngo agufashe kuyagumana mu mwanya wayo.

3. Hanyuma, uwo mutekinisiyeImashini ikoresha scanner inyuza igice cy'umubiri wawe gisa n'ukuboko mu mubiri wawe. Ibi nibyo bifotora amagufwa yawe.

4. Akenshi , ikibuno cyawe n'umugongo wawe birasuzumwa. Ariko, hari igihe andi magufwa yo mu mubiri wawe, nk'amagufwa yo ku rutoki, ashobora no gusuzumwa.

Iyi scanner ya DXA ikoresha ubwoko bubiri bw'imirasire mike kugira ngo yerekane ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe nk'amashusho n'imbonerahamwe kuri ecran ya mudasobwa. Amagufwa yawe asa n'umweru. Ibinure, imitsi, n'izindi ngingo zoroshye bigaragara nk'igicucu cyijimye ku mashusho.

Ni iki wakwirinda gukora mbere yo gupima DXA?

Muri rusange, ntuzakenera guhindura ibintu bikomeye ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi mbere yo gupima DXA. Ubusanzwe:

• Ushobora kurya no kunywa mbere yo kwipimisha.
• Ushobora gukomeza gufata imiti yawe ya buri munsi nkuko bisanzwe, keretse muganga wawe abikubwiye ukundi.
• Iyo uje kwipimisha , ambara imyenda ijyanye neza kandi idafite ibice by'icyuma (nk'amazipu, amabuto, imishumi). Uzakenera gukuramo imyenda y'icyuma n'imitako mbere yo kwipimisha.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ufata inyunganiramirire ya kalisiyumu cyangwa izindi vitamine muri farumasi, ntuzifate amasaha 24 mbere yo gupimwa. Bwira muganga wawe vitamine n'inyongeramusaruro ufata. Azakubwira izo ushobora gufata n'izo udashobora gufata mbere yo gupimwa na DXA.

Nanone, ntushobora gukora DXA scan mu masaha 24 nyuma yo gukora ibindi bizamini byo gufata amashusho (urugero, CT scan yakoresheje irangi ritandukanye). Kubwibyo, mbere yo gutegura DXA scan, bwira umupolisi niba hari ibindi bizamini biteganijwe.

Ikizamini cy'ubucucike bw'amagufwa kimara igihe kingana iki?

Ikizamini cy’ubucucike bw’amagufwa gikunze gufata iminota 30. Iki gihe gishobora gutandukana gato bitewe n’umubare w’amagufwa yawe agomba gupimwa.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi zo gukoresha DXA scan?

Mu by’ukuri, ingaruka zo gupimwa ubucucike bw’amagufwa ni nke cyane. Ntuzumva ububabare cyangwa ngo ugire ingaruka mbi nyuma yo gupimwa.

Ariko, niba utwite cyangwa utekereza ko utwite, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe. Urugero rw'imirasire ikoreshwa muri DXA scans ruri hasi cyane ku buryo itagira ingaruka mbi ku bantu benshi. Ariko, niba utwite, ni byiza kwirinda ubwoko bwose bw'imirasire igihe cyose bishoboka.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwagaragaje ko hashobora kubaho impinduka nto mu bisubizo bya DXA bitewe n'ikigo gikora scanner. Ariko ibyo ntabwo ari ikintu ukwiye guhangayikishwa nacyo. Muganga wawe azakurikirana ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe uko igihe kigenda gihita kandi ashobora gutegeka ko bongera gupimwa cyangwa ibindi bizamini bibaye ngombwa.

Ibisubizo bya DXA scan ni ibihe? Bisobanura iki?

Ibisubizo bya DXA scan bigaragaza uburyo amagufwa yawe akomeye kandi akomeye.

Abaganga bakoresha uburyo bwitwa "T score" kugira ngo bapime ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe. Aya manota ya T agereranya ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe n'ubucucike bw'amagufwa bw'umuntu muzima, uri hagati y'imyaka 20 na 30. Ibisubizo akenshi bipimwa nk'umubare uri hasi. Uko amanota ya T yawe yegereye zeru (ntibitwaye niba ari umubare mwiza), ni ko amagufwa yawe akomera.

• Hagati ya 0 na -1: Ubucucike bw'amagufwa bumeze neza. (Iyi ni indwara nziza!)
• Hagati ya -1 na -2.5: Ufite ``Osteopenia``. Ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara ``Osteoporosis``.
• -2.5 cyangwa munsi yayo: Urwaye indwara yo gucika kw'amagufwa, cyangwa amagufwa afite intege nke cyane. Ibi bivuze ko uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kuvunika igufwa.

Muganga wawe azaganira nawe kuri ibi bisubizo kandi agusobanurire icyo bivuze. Niba ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe buri hasi ugereranyije n'uko byari byitezwe, azagusaba uburyo bwo kugufasha gukomeza amagufwa yawe. Urugero:

• Imyitozo ngororamubiri myinshi: Imyitozo ngororamubiri ihoraho ikomeza amagufwa yawe. Ibintu nko kugenda n'amaguru, yoga, no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ni byiza mu kwirinda gutakaza amagufwa.
• Inyongeramusaruro cyangwa indyo yihariye: Muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira gufata vitamine D cyangwa inyunganiramirire ya kalisiyumu. Ashobora kandi kukubwira kurya ibiryo birimo vitamine na myunyungugu bimwe na bimwe.
• Imiti: Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti yo kugabanya gucika kw'amagufwa no gukumira kuvunika kw'amagufwa. Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura indwara ya osteoporosis ishobora no gufasha kongera ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya DXA scan na igufwa ry'umubiri wose?

Gupima amagufwa ya DXA n'isuzuma ry'amagufwa y'umubiri wose ni ibizamini bibiri bisa. Gupima amagufwa yombi bisuzuma amagufwa yawe, ariko abaganga bayakoresha kugira ngo barebe ibintu bitandukanye bijyanye n'ubuzima bw'amagufwa yawe.

• Gupima DXA ni ikizamini cyihariye cya X-ray gipima ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe kandi kikagenzura indwara zigabanya amagufwa nka osteoporosis.
• Gusuzuma amagufwa y'umubiri wose bishobora gufasha abaganga kumenya niba urwaye kanseri, urugero nk'aho yakwirakwiriye mu magufwa yawe (metastasized). Bishobora kandi gufasha kumenya aho kanseri yawe igeze. Bishobora kandi kumenya indwara zandurira mu magufwa, ibikomere by'amagufwa, n'ibindi bibazo.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Gupima DXA, gupima DEXA, gupima ubucucike bw'amagufwa ... uko muganga wawe yabyita kose, ni ikizamini cyihuse, cyoroshye (kandi kidatera ububabare).Ibi bituma muganga wawe amenya indwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku bucucike bw'amagufwa hakiri kare. Bitewe n'imyaka yawe, amateka y'indwara mu muryango wawe, cyangwa izindi mpamvu zishobora gutuma ukenera gupimwa ubucucike bw'amagufwa buri gihe.

Buri wese agomba guhangayikishwa n'ubucucike bw'amagufwa ye uko agenda asaza. Baza muganga wawe inshuro ugomba gukorerwa isuzuma rya DXA. Ni ngombwa cyane cyane ko abantu bafite amateka yo kurwara osteoporosis mu muryango wabo bazajya bapimwa ubucucike bw'amagufwa yabo buri gihe.

Muganga wawe azagufasha gukomeza amagufwa yawe kugira ngo agufashe mu buzima bwawe bwose. Rero, nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa nacyo. Nibiba ngombwa, jya kwipimisha kandi umenye neza ubuzima bw'amagufwa yawe.

Gupima DXA , ubucucike bw'amagufwa, osteoporosis, osteopenia, kuvunika, amanota ya T, ubuzima bw'amagufwa