Reka twige neza kuri virusi ya HPV (Human Papillomavirus). Ntutinye, reka tuganire!

Ushobora kuba warumvise amagambo `HPV`. Wenda aturutse ku nshuti, cyangwa kuri interineti, cyangwa kwa muganga. `HPV (Human Papillomavirus)` ni iki mu by'ukuri? Ese iki ni ikintu wagakwiye gutinya? Oya, ntugire ikibazo. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Mu by'ukuri, virusi ya HPV (Human Papillomavirus) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, HPV ni virusi ikunze kugaragara cyane. Ni nk'ibicurane bisanzwe, ariko bitandukanye gato. Hari ubwoko burenga 100 bwa HPV. Hari ubwoko bushobora gutera uduheri duto ku biganza byawe, ku birenge, cyangwa mu maso. Hariho kandi ubwoko bugera kuri 30 bugira ingaruka ku gitsina. Ibyo bivuze mu gitsina, mu nkondo y'umura, no mu gitsina. Uduheri mu gitsina duterwa n'ubwo bwoko bwa HPV.

Mu by’ukuri, HPV ni imwe mu ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zikunze kugaragara cyane. Mu by’ukuri, ikunze kugaragara cyane ku buryo abantu benshi bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina batarakingirwa HPV bazandura iyi virusi mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwabo. Ariko akenshi, ntibazi ko bayirwaye.

Dore ikintu cy'ingenzi. Hariho ubwoko bwa HPV 'bufite ibyago bike ' n'ubwoko 'bufite ibyago byinshi' . Ubwoko bw'indwara nke ni bwo butera ibiheri, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere. Ariko, hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi bushobora gutera kanseri nka kanseri y'inkondo y'umura na kanseri yo mu gitsina. Ariko ntugahangayike , niba uyifashe hakiri kare, byaba ari ukubipimisha mu gifu cyangwa ikizamini cya HPV, kandi niba ubonye uturemangingo twa mbere y'uko kanseri itangira, akenshi ushobora gukumira kanseri.

Ni iyihe sano iri hagati ya HPV na kanseri y'inkondo y'umura?

Iyo abantu benshi batekereje kuri HPV, batekereza kuri kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. Yego, hari ukuri kuri ibyo. Ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa HPV, cyane cyane ubwoko bwa 16 na 18, bushobora gutera impinduka mu turemangingo tw'inkondo y'umura. Ibi twita dysplasia y'inkondo y'umura. Ibi ni nk'ikimenyetso cy'umuburo mbere ya kanseri. Iyo izi mpinduka mu turemangingo zidavuwe, rimwe na rimwe zishobora guhinduka kanseri y'inkondo y'umura uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Ariko hari ikintu ugomba kwibuka. Niba uri munsi y'imyaka 30, ubwandu bwinshi bwa HPV bushira ubwabwo . Ni nk'aho ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwacu burwanya virusi bukayitsinda. Nyuma y'imyaka 30, niba isuzuma rya Pap smear rigaragaje HPV, muganga wawe ni we uzagufatira umwanzuro niba ukeneye kwipimisha kenshi. Ibyo bivuze ko niba uri mu kaga gakomeye, ari ngombwa kwipimisha kenshi.

Niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi cyane kwipimisha Pap smears buri gihe guhera ku myaka 21.Ariko, kuba warabwiwe ko ufite HPV cyangwa dysplasia yo mu mura, ntugatinye ko uzarwara kanseri. Ntabwo bibaho kuri buri wese.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ubwandu bwa HPV buhinduke kanseri?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Mu by’ukuri, virusi ya HPV ubwayo ntabwo 'ihinduka' kanseri. Ikibaho ni iki: Iyo wanduye ubwoko bwa HPV 'bushobora gutera ibyago byinshi', bushobora gutera impinduka mu turemangingo twawe mbere y’uko turwara kanseri. Iyo izi mpinduka mu turemangingo zitavuwe, amaherezo zishobora guhinduka kanseri. Ariko iyi nzira ishobora gufata imyaka, ndetse n’imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo . Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kumenya izi mpinduka mu turemangingo mbere y’uko turwara kanseri hakiri kare hakoreshejwe ibizamini nka Pap smear.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ubwandu bwa HPV?

Akenshi, ubwandu bwa HPV bufata imyanya ndangagitsina yawe ntabwo bugaragaza ibimenyetso . Ariko, iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, ikimenyetso gikunze kugaragara ni ukurwara ibiheri mu myanya ndangagitsina. Ibi biheri bishobora kumera nk'udusimba duto dusa n'amashu cyangwa ndetse n'udutambaro tw'uruhu. Bishobora kugaragara nyuma y'ibyumweru, amezi, cyangwa se imyaka myinshi wanduye. Kimwe n'ubundi bwoko bwa HPV, ibiheri mu myanya ndangagitsina birandura . Bishobora kandi kuryoha no kubabaza cyane.

Igikuru ni uko ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi akenshi butagira ibimenyetso kugeza igihe buzaba kanseri . Niyo mpamvu kwipimisha ari ngombwa.

Ese ibiheri byose biterwa na HPV?

Yego! Ibi bishobora gutera urujijo gato, cyane cyane iyo ugerageza gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibiheri bikura ku rutoki rwawe, ibiheri bikura mu gitsina cyawe, na HPV ishobora gutera kanseri y'inkondo y'umura.

Muri make, ubwoko bwa HPV butera ibiheri, harimo n'ibiheri byo mu gitsina (biterwa ahanini na HPV yo mu bwoko bwa 6 na 11), birababaza cyane. Ni nde ukunda ibiheri, cyane cyane mu gice cy'igitsina? Ariko, ubwo bwoko bwa HPV ntabwo ari bubi, bivuze ko butera kanseri .

Ubundi bwoko bwa HPV bushobora gutera ibiheri ku bindi bice by'umubiri:

• Ibibyimba birebire
• Ibisebe bya Plantar ku biganza no ku birenge
• Ibisebe bya Periungual na subungual

Icy'ingenzi: Indwara zose ziterwa na HPV. Ariko, si ubwoko bwose bwa HPV butera ibiheri. Ubwoko bwa HPV bushobora gutera kanseri ntabwo butera ibiheri. Ibi wibuke.

Ni gute HPV yandura?

HPV yo mu gitsina ikwirakwira cyane cyane binyuze mu gukoranaho kw'uruhu ku ruhu.Ni ukuvuga mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina, imibonano mpuzabitsina yo mu kanwa, no mu kibuno. Imyanya ndangagitsina yawe - ni ukuvuga igitsina cyawe, igitsina gabo, igituba, uturemangingo n'ikibuno - ishobora kwandura iyo ihuye n'ahantu hamwe h'umuntu wanduye.

Hari kandi amahirwe make ko iyi virusi ishobora kwandurira mu gukora ku gitsina n'intoki, urugero, binyuze mu "gukora ku ntoki" cyangwa "gukora akazi k'intoki". Ariko, bivugwa ko ubu ari bwo buryo budakunze kugaragara bwo kohereza iyi virusi, kandi amakuru kuri yo ni make ugereranyije n'ayo gukora ku gitsina.

Ni amahirwe angahe yo kwandura HPV?

HPV ni virusi yandura cyane . Impamvu imwe ni uko yandura binyuze mu gukoranaho kw'uruhu n'uruhu. Ntabwo ukeneye gusangira amazi yo mu mubiri kugira ngo uvane iyo virusi ku muntu, cyangwa ku wundi muntu kugira ngo uyivane. Iyo virusi ishobora gukwirakwira nubwo nta gusohora kw'amasohoro.

Ni nde ugira ingaruka kuri HPV?

Umuntu wese uryamana n'umuntu ufite iyi virusi cyangwa ubana n'igitsina cye hafi ashobora kwandura HPV. Nanone, umuntu wese ubana n'iyi virusi ashobora kuyitera uwo bashakanye.

Niba ufite agakoko gatera SIDA, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bushobora kugorwa no kurwanya ubwandu bwa HPV. Abagabo bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina n'abagabo baba bafite amahirwe menshi yo kwandura ubwoko bwa HPV bushobora gutera kanseri. Muri icyo gihe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima Pap mu kibuno. Nubwo Pap test itagaragaza HPV mu buryo butaziguye, ishobora kumenya impinduka mu turemangingo mbere yo kurwara kanseri. Baza muganga wawe niba ukeneye iki kizamini.

Uko imiterere yawe y’imyororokere yaba iri kose, ni ngombwa kwirinda ikwirakwira rya HPV uhabwa urukingo rwa HPV no gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina yirinze (gukoresha agakingirizo cyangwa amenyo neza kandi buri gihe) .

Uburyo HPV igira ingaruka ku bagore

Muri rusange, abagore nibo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura HPV. Ibi biterwa nuko ubwandu bwa HPV 'buri mu kaga gakomeye' bushobora kuvamo kanseri y'inkondo y'umura iyo butavuwe. Gupima ubwandu bwa pap n'ibizamini bya HPV bishobora kugaragaza impinduka mu turemangingo mbere y'uko turwara kanseri y'inkondo y'umura hakiri kare kandi bikarinda kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. HPV ishobora kandi gutera ibibyimba mu gitsina ku bagore.

Uburyo HPV igira ingaruka ku bagabo

Ku bagabo, ingaruka mbi ku buzima ziterwa na HPV ziri hasi ugereranyije n'iz'abagore. Abagabo nabo bashobora kurwara ibibyimba mu gitsina, ariko ubwandu bwinshi bushira ubwabwo . HPV ishobora gutera kanseri y'igitsina gabo, ikibuno, umutwe n'ijosi, ariko ibi ni gake cyane . Kubwibyo, gupima HPV no gupima Pap smears akenshi ntibikunze kugirwa inama ku bagabo (usibye gupima Pap mu kibuno kuri MSM).

Ni izihe ngorane ziterwa no kwandura HPV?

Ingorane ikomeye ya HPV ni kanseri. Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura ni yo kanseri ikunze kugaragara cyane ifitanye isano na HPV . Izindi kanseri ntizikunze kugaragara cyane. Zirimo:

• Kanseri y'ikibuno
• Kanseri y'igitsina gabo
• Kanseri yo mu muhogo
• Kanseri yo mu gitsina
• Kanseri y'ibicurane

Ariko, kuba ufite HPV – nubwo yaba ari ubwoko bw’indwara zishobora gutera ibyago byinshi – ntugatekereze ko uzarwara iyi kanseri .

Ibibyimba byo mu gitsina ni ikindi kibazo cya HPV. Bishobora gukurura, kubabaza, no kubangamira ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Uretse ibyo bimenyetso, ibibyimba byo mu gitsina ntabwo ari bibi cyane.

Ni ibihe bipimo bishobora gupima ubwandu bwa HPV?

Ibibyimba n'ibibyimba byo mu gitsina ku bindi bice by'umubiri ubusanzwe bishobora kumenyekana na muganga iyo abibonye. Kubera ko ubwoko bwa HPV 'bushobora gutera ibyago byinshi' butagira ibimenyetso, akenshi uzamenya gusa niba ufite ubwandu binyuze mu gupimwa Pap smear cyangwa HPV.

• Pap smear: Iyi smear isuzuma kanseri y'inkondo y'umura n'uturemangingo tutarafatwa na kanseri dushobora guhinduka kanseri iyo tutivuwe. Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura hafi ya buri gihe iterwa na HPV 'ifite ibyago byinshi'.
• Ikizamini cya HPV: Ibi bishobora kugaragaza mu buryo butaziguye ko hari ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi, ni ukuvuga ubwoko bwa virusi zishobora gutera kanseri y'inkondo y'umura iyo zitavuwe.

Hari ubundi buryo bushobora kuvumbura uturemangingo tudasanzwe dushobora guterwa n'ubwandu bwa HPV:

• Colposcopy: Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka iki kizamini niba Pap smear yawe igaragaza uturemangingo tudasanzwe cyangwa niba ufite HPV. Muri iki kizamini, umura wawe w’inkondo y’umura ushyirwa hejuru hakoreshejwe igikoresho cy’urumuri cyitwa colposcope. Ibi bigufasha kubona neza uturemangingo tudasanzwe. Muganga ashobora gufata urugero ruto rw’uturemangingo akarwohereza muri laboratwari kugira ngo arebe niba nta kanseri cyangwa kanseri ihari. Ibi byitwa biopsy.
• Gusuzuma amaso hakoreshejwe aside asetiki (VIA): Ubu buryo bukoreshwa n'abaganga bakorera ahantu hataboneka neza ibizamini bya Pap smears cyangwa HPV. Muri ubu buryo, umuti usa na vinegere ushyirwa ku nkondo y'umura, bigatuma uturemangingo twose tudasanzwe tuba umweru, bigatuma tworoha kumenyekana.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura HPV?

Wibuke ko uburyo bwo kuvura budashobora gukuraho burundu virusi ya HPV mu mubiri wawe . Ariko, hari uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha gukuraho uduheri tugaragara mu gitsina cyawe cyangwa ahandi hantu ku mubiri wawe, no gukuraho uturemangingo tudasanzwe mu mura wawe.

Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura:

• Kubaga indwara y'imitsi:Gukoresha azote y'amazi kugira ngo ukonjeshe uduheri no kubikuraho ni byiza, kimwe no gusenya uturemangingo tudasanzwe.
• Uburyo bwo Gukuraho Udupira mu Mugongo hakoreshejwe Electrosurgical Excision (LEEP): Umugozi wihariye ukoreshwa mu gukuraho uduheri cyangwa uturemangingo tudasanzwe mu mura w'inkondo y'umura.
• Gutwika no gukuraho uduheri hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi: Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukoreshwa mu gutwika no gukuraho uduheri.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe laser: Bukoresha urumuri rwinshi mu gusenya uduheri cyangwa uturemangingo tudasanzwe.
• Isuzuma ry'agace k'inkoni karimo icyuma gikonje: Agace k'inkoni y'umura gafite ishusho nk'iy'inkoni kavanwa mu mura w'inkondo y'umura. Aka gashobora kuba karimo uturemangingo tudasanzwe.
• Amavuta yo kwisiga akoreshwa na muganga: Hari amavuta yo kwisiga ashobora gushyirwa ku bisebe kugira ngo byice, nka imiquimod (Aldara®) na podofilox (Condylox®).
• Aside ya Trichloroacetic (TCA): Iyi ni imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara. Ikoreshwa mu gutwika uduheri.

Umubare muto cyane w'abantu bafite HPV 'ifite ibyago byinshi' ni bo bakuramo uturemangingo tw'inkondo y'umura tudakora neza, bityo tukaba dukeneye kuvurwa kugira ngo tubarinde kuba kanseri.

Ese HPV ishobora kwirindwa?

Uburyo bwonyine bwo kwirinda burundu HPV ni ukwirinda imibonano mpuzabitsina. Ariko kuri benshi, ibyo ntabwo ari ingirakamaro. Bityo, intego zifatika ni ukugabanya ibyago byo kwandura HPV no kwirinda kanseri y'inkondo y'umura binyuze mu kugira ubuzima bwiza mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe ukoresheje:

• Shaka urukingo rwa HPV. Urukingo rwa HPV rukora neza iyo urubonye mbere yuko utangira imibonano mpuzabitsina (uri hagati y'imyaka 11 na 12). Ariko, rushobora kandi kugufasha kwirinda ubwoko bwa HPV utari wahura nabwo mbere, ndetse na nyuma yo gutangira imibonano mpuzabitsina. Vugana na muganga wawe ku byo wahitamo.
• Suzuma kandi upime buri gihe. Gusuzuma HPV n'uturemangingo tudasanzwe hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kwirinda kanseri y'inkondo y'umura. Ugomba gutangira gupimwa Pap smears buri gihe uhereye ku myaka 21. Baza muganga wawe gahunda yo gusuzuma ikubereye.
• Kora imibonano mpuzabitsina itekanye . Udukingirizo n'udukingirizo tw'amenyo ntabwo bigira ingaruka nziza mu kwirinda HPV nkuko bigira ingaruka mbi mu kwirinda indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STIs) zikwirakwira binyuze mu masohoro cyangwa amazi ava mu gitsina. Ibi biterwa nuko HPV yandura binyuze mu gukoranaho kw'uruhu. Ariko, kuyikoresha neza igihe cyose ukoze imibonano mpuzabitsina bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura HPV.
• Rinda umukunzi wawe (abo mukundana). Bwira umukunzi wawe niba ufite HPV. Bashobora no gupimwa. Ushobora kuba ugomba guhagarika imibonano mpuzabitsina mu gihe urimo kuvurwa indwara z'ibibyimba mu gitsina cyangwa HPV 'ifite ibyago byinshi'. Baza muganga wawe ingamba ugomba gufata niba ufite ubwandu bwa HPV.

Ni iki nakwitega mu gihe mfite ubwandu bwa HPV?

Uburyo HPV ikwirakwira muri rusange ni bwiza cyane . Biterwa n'ubwoko bwa HPV ufite n'uburyo umubiri wawe ushobora kurwanya ubwandu. Niba ufite ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago bike kandi ukaba umeze neza, hari amahirwe menshi ko ubwandu buzakira ubwabwo mu mezi 12 kugeza kuri 24 .

Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa HPV bushobora gutera kanseri. Muganga wawe azagukurikirana kuri ubwo bwoko kandi aguhe inama yo gukomeza gupimwa cyangwa kuvurwa nibiba ngombwa. Gusuzuma hakiri kare ubwoko 'bw’ibyago bikomeye' no gukomeza gupimwa (urugero, gupimwa Pap buri gihe) bishobora gufasha gukumira kanseri y’inkondo y’umura iterwa na HPV.

Ese HPV ishobora gukira?

Oya. Nta muti wa HPV ubaho. Ariko, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe ni bwiza cyane mu gukuraho iyi virusi. Ubwandu bwinshi bwa HPV (hafi 90%) bushira mu mwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri.

Ese HPV yandura ubuzima bwose?

Si ngombwa. Igihe cyose ufite iyi virusi - waba ufite ibimenyetso cyangwa udafite - ushobora kuyikwirakwiza uva ku muntu ujya ku wundi. Urugero, niba ibibyimba byawe byo mu gitsina bishize ariko virusi ikaba ikiri mu mubiri wawe, ushobora kwanduza virusi ya HPV yateye iyo ndwara ku wundi muntu.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Shaka muganga niba ufite kimwe muri ibi:

• Ibiheri byo mu gitsina . Ibi ni ibiheri bisa na koliforufe. Bishobora kugaragara mu gitsina cyawe, mu kibuno, cyangwa mu kanwa.
• Ibisubizo by'ibipimo bya Pap test bidasanzwe. Ibisubizo by'ibipimo bya Pap test bidasanzwe bivuze ko ushobora gukenera gupimwa HPV cyane.

Nanone, baza muganga wawe inshuro ugomba gukorerwa ibizamini bishobora kugaragaza ko wanduye HPV, nko gupimwa Pap smear. Vugana na muganga wawe ku mpungenge ufite kuri HPV, cyane cyane niba ufite ikibazo cy’ubuzima gituma ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe bugabanuka. Ibi bishobora gutuma umubiri wawe udashobora kurwanya virusi.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Ni ibisanzwe cyane kugira ibibazo bike kuri HPV. Ushobora kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ese nkeneye kuvurwa na HPV?
• Ese ubwo bwoko bwa HPV 'buri mu kaga gakomeye'?
• Ese nkwiye kwipimisha HPV buri gihe?
• Ese nshobora kwanduza abandi HPV?
• Ese nshobora kubona urukingo rwa HPV?

Ese umukunzi wanjye agomba guhangayika niba mfite HPV?

HPV ikunze kugaragara cyane.Hafi ya buri wese yarwaye cyangwa azarwara HPV mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwe. Ubwandu bwinshi bwa HPV bushira ubwabwo , mu gihe umubiri wawe urwanya virusi.

Biragoye kumenya neza niba umukunzi wawe yaranduye HPV cyangwa undi muntu. Kuko HPV ishobora gufata imyaka myinshi kugira ngo igaragaze ibimenyetso (niba ibikoze). Ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukwisuzumisha ubuzima bwawe buri gihe no gusangira amakuru y'ubuzima bwawe n'umukunzi wawe.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Ni ibisanzwe kumva uremerewe kandi ufite ubwoba iyo umenye ibya HPV (Human Papillomavirus). Ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi ku bijyanye n'uburyo bizagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe no ku mibanire yawe n'imibonano mpuzabitsina. Mbere yo kugira ubwoba, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'iyi virusi n'icyo ikora mu by'ukuri. Ntugahite utekereza ko uzarwara kanseri.

Ubwoko bwose bwa HPV ntibumeze kimwe. HPV, itera ibiheri mu gitsina, ishobora gutera isoni, ariko virusi ntabwo ari mbi. Ubwandu bwinshi bwa HPV burakurwaho n'umubiri wawe. Mu gihe umubiri wawe udashobora kuburwanya, muganga wawe azakurikirana uturemangingo kugira ngo arebe impinduka zishobora gutera kanseri.

Vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'urukingo rwa HPV kandi wipimishe buri gihe. Icyo ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi.

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