Intwari igenzura ururimi rwawe: Reka twige ku mitsi ya Hypoglossal.

Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku mutsi w'ingenzi cyane mu mubiri wacu, ariko rimwe na rimwe ntituwitaho cyane. Uwo mutsi ni umutsi utagira glossal , ugenzura imigendere y'ururimi rwacu. Uyu mutsi muto ukora ibirenze ibyo ushobora gutekereza. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo.

Umutsi utera umwijima mu gice cy'imbere cy'umubiri (hypoglossal nerve) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, umutsi wawe unyuramo umwuka umeze nk'ubutumwa bwihariye buva mu bwonko bwawe bujya ku rurimi rwawe . Mu by'ukuri, ni umwe mu mitsi 12 y'umutwe wawe. Yego, hari imitsi 12 y'ingenzi ihujwe n'ibice bitandukanye by'umutwe wawe. Itangirira mu nsi y'ubwonko bwawe, yitwa brainstem. Hanyuma imanuka mu ijosi, igasohoka, igahuzwa n'uruhande rwo hasi rw'ururimi rwawe n'uruhande rwo hasi rw'ururimi rwawe.

Izina "hypoglossal" rikomoka ku magambo abiri y'Ikigiriki: "hypo" bisobanura "munsi" na "glossal" bivuga "ururimi." Rero, izina ubwaryo rikubwira aho ibi biherereye, sibyo?

Uyu ni umutsi utwara imizigo . Ni ukuvuga ko utwara ubutumwa buva mu bwonko bujya mu mitsi ukayituma igenda. Ni nk'insinga y'amashanyarazi, ariko ntabwo itwara amashanyarazi, ahubwo itwara impulses z'imitsi.

Ni ayahe mazina yandi y'uyu mutsi?

Yitwa n'andi mazina menshi. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gukoresha aya mazina:

• Umutsi wo mu bwonko 12
• Umutsi wo mu mutwe wa 12
• `(CNXII)` (Iyi ni incamake ikoreshwa n'abaganga)

Ni iyihe nshingano y'umutsi ugabanya ubushyuhe bw'amaraso (hypoglossal nerve)?

Tekereza ukuntu ururimi rwawe rugenda cyane iyo uvuga, umira ibiryo, cyangwa uvuga amajwi atandukanye ukoresheje umunwa wawe! Umutsi ugabanya urusaku rw'amaraso ufasha kugenzura iyo ngendo yose .

Uyu mutsi w'ubwonko ni wo utuma dukora ibi bikurikira:

• Kora amajwi atandukanye ukoresheje umunwa wawe (urugero, ijwi rya "kanda" rikozwe n'ururimi rwawe).
• Kwimura ibintu biri mu kanwa, ni ukuvuga ibiryo n'ibinyobwa.
• Kuvuga (ururimi rwacu ruhinduka mu buryo bwinshi iyo tuvuga, si byo se?).
• Kumira ibiryo (ururimi rufasha cyane mu kwimura ibiryo mu muhogo).

Tekereza ukuntu byari kutugora kuvuga no kurya iyo uyu mutsi udakora neza!

Ni iyihe mitsi igenzurwa n'imitsi ya hypoglossal?

Ururimi rwawe si umutsi umwe gusa. Rufite imitsi myinshi itandukanye imbere kandi ifitanye isano na rwo. Umutsi ugabanya ubukana bw'imitsi ni wo ugenzura iyi mitsi:

• Imitsi ya Genioglossus : Iyi ni imitsi isunika ururimi rwawe imbere. Iyi mitsi ikora iyo ushyize ururimi rwawe hanze.
• Imitsi ya HyagoglossusImitsi ya Hyoglossus: Iyi ikurura ururimi rwawe inyuma ikarugorora.
• Imitsi yo mu nda : Iyi ni imitsi ihindura imiterere y'ururimi. Urugero, ibintu nko kuzunguruka no kugabanya ururimi.
• Imitsi ya Styloglossus : Iyi inyuza ururimi rwawe hejuru no hasi.

Ni ukubera ko iyi mitsi yose ikorana, mu buryo bw'imikoranire, dushobora gukora ingendo zikomeye dukoresheje ururimi rwacu.

Aho umutsi wa hypoglossal uherereye ni hehe (imiterere)?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, uyu mutsi utangirira mu nsi y'ubwonko, hafi y'umutwe w'ubwonko , hejuru y'umugongo wawe.

Mbere yo kugera ku rurimi, uyu mutsi ugenda utya:

• Ibanza kunyura mu ruti rw'umugongo hanyuma igahuza n'urusobe rw'imitsi ruzwi nka cervical plexus . Uru rusobe rw'imitsi rugenzura ibyiyumvo n'ingendo by'ijosi n'igituza cyawe.
• Hanyuma inyura mu ijosi ryawe, inyura mu mitsi myinshi y'ingenzi y'amaraso ( nk'imitsi ya Carotid na Jugular Vein) .
• Iva inyuma y'umuhogo ikagera hasi mu kanwa, ni ukuvuga hasi mu kanwa.
• Amaherezo, aho ngaho, amashami arakura agahuza imitsi igenzura ingendo zitandukanye z'ururimi.

Ese ushobora kwiyumvisha ukuntu urugendo nk'uru rugoye rukorwa n'uyu mutsima muto?

Ni izihe ndwara zigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umutsi ugabanya ubushyuhe bw'amaraso?

Ikibabaje ni uko indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubangamira imikorere y'imitsi ikora nabi, ibyo bikaba byatuma umuntu atabasha gukora neza imirimo y'ururimi twavuze mbere.

Dore zimwe muri izo mimerere:

• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) : Iyi ni indwara iterwa n'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Imitsi igenda icika intege buhoro buhoro. Uko indwara ikomeza kwiyongera, imitsi yo mu bwonko ishobora kudashobora kuvugana neza n'ubwonko.
• Encephalitis : Encephalitis ni indwara ubwonko bubyimba, byaba bitewe n'ubwandu bw'ubwonko cyangwa imikorere mibi y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Iyo ubwonko bubyimbye, ubwonko bushobora kubyimba no gushyira igitutu ku mitsi idakora neza.
• Kanseri yo mu mutwe n'ijosi : Ibi bivuga kanseri ikura mu kanwa, mu muhogo, cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umutwe n'ijosi. Iyi mitsi ishobora kwangirika haba muri kanseri ubwayo cyangwa mu kuvura kanseri (urugero: kubagwa, kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imirasire).
• Indwara yo kudasinzira neza (Apnea): Iyi ni indwara iterwa no gusinzira. Guhumeka bihagarara igihe gito mu gihe usinziriye. Umutsi ugabanya ubushyuhe bw'amaraso ugenzura imitsi iri inyuma y'umuhogo. Iyo iyi mitsi iruhutse cyane mu gihe usinziriye, ururimi rushobora gusubira inyuma rugafunga inzira y'ubuhumekero.
• Stroke : Stroke ni indwara aho amaraso ajya mu gice cy'ubwonko ahagarara. Ibi bishobora guterwa no kuva amaraso mu bwonko cyangwa imitsi y'amaraso yazibye. Iyo ubwonko budabonye amaraso ahagije, itumanaho riri hagati y'imitsi ifungana n'ubwonko rishobora guhungabana.
• Ihungabana : Uyu mutsi ushobora kwangirika bitewe n'impanuka zitandukanye, nk'impanuka z'imodoka, kugwa, n'impanuka zikomeye. Mu mpanuka zimwe na zimwe zikomeye, uyu mutsi ushobora no gucibwa.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara yo kwangirika kw'imitsi mu buryo bukabije

Iyo imitsi yawe yangiritse, akenshi ifata uruhande rumwe rw'ururimi rwawe . Ururimi rwo ku ruhande rwafashwe rucika intege. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, imitsi yo kuri urwo ruhande rw'ururimi ishobora gucika intege, amaherezo ururimi rushobora gucika intege.

Ibi bishobora gutuma uhura n'ingorane zikurikira:

• Kugorwa no kumira ibiryo (dysphagia)
• Kugorwa no kumira ibiryo
• Kugorwa no kuvuga (dysarthria)

Iyo imitsi yangiritse bitewe na ALS, ubuso bw'ururimi bushobora kugaragaza ingendo zitoroshye kandi zitigita (fasciculations). Ibi ni nk'uduheri duto tuba mu mitsi.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ugize ububabare butunguranye kandi bukabije mu ijosi cyangwa mu mutwe hamwe n'ibi bimenyetso, bishobora kuba ari ikibazo cy'imitsi yo mu nda ya carotide yacitse. Ibi nibibaho, ugomba kwihutira gushaka abaganga.

Ni gute imikorere y'umutsi ugabanya ubushyuhe (hypoglossal nerve) ipimwa?

Niba umuganga wawe akeka ko imitsi idakora neza, azabanza gukora ikizamini cyoroshye.

• Uzabwirwa gushyira ururimi rwawe hanze neza . Iyo imitsi yangiritse, ururimi ruzakurwa ku ruhande rwangiritse.
• Nanone, uzabwirwa gukanda ururimi rwawe imbere mu itama ryawe . Hanyuma muganga azashyira ikiganza cye ku rundi ruhande rw'itama ryawe arebe uko igitutu kirimo kuva ku rurimi rwawe.

Uretse ibi bizamini by'ibanze, hari ibindi bizamini bishobora gutangwa kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu:

• Isuzuma rya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI) : Iri suzuma ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko cyangwa ikindi kintu kimeze nk'ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko.
• Gupfuka umugongo/gupfuka mu kibuno : Ibi bishobora gusuzuma ibimenyetso bya kanseri cyangwa ubwandu.

Uburyo Busanzwe bwo Kuvura Kwangirika kw'Imitsi mu Gifu

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara yangiritse mu mitsi idafite glossal buterwa n'icyateye kwangirika . Muganga wawe azaganira nawe kuri ibi maze aguhe uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Urugero:

• Ku ndwara ya ALS, hatangwa imiti n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura kugira ngo hagenzurwe ibimenyetso no kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'indwara.
• Kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi ishobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe kubagwa, ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire, na/cyangwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara.

Ni gute narinda imitsi yanjye idakora neza?

Ibibazo by’imitsi idafite glossal bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo kurya, kuvuga no kumira. Zimwe mu mpamvu, nko gukomereka n’ingorane zikomoka ku kubagwa, biragoye kwirinda. Ariko, niba ukeneye kubagwa mu kanwa cyangwa mu muhogo, guhitamo umuganga w’inzobere bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibyago byawe.

Nanone, kwita ku buzima bwawe muri rusange bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda ikibazo cy’imitsi idakora neza. Ibi bintu bishobora gufasha:

• Niba ufite indwara idakira nka ALS, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza kugira ngo ucunge indwara yawe .
• Indwara yo gucika intege ishobora kwirindwa umuntu akagira ubuzima bwiza (urugero: kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso).
• Komeza kugira ibiro byiza . Ibi bishobora gufasha kwirinda ko indwara yo mu mutwe idakira cyangwa ngo irusheho kwiyongera niba uyirwaye.
• Niba unywa itabi, reka kunywa itabi kandi ugabanye inzoga. Ibi byombi bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi.

Ni ryari wagombye kujya kwa muganga ku bibazo by'imitsi idakora neza?

Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso ku mpande imwe cyangwa zombi z'ururimi rwawe, hita ubonana na muganga:

• Kugorwa no kuvuga (aphasia cyangwa dysarthria) cyangwa kugorwa no kumira (dysphagia).
• Kubura ubwenge (nk'uko ururimi rudakora neza).
• Intege nke z'imitsi (nk'ukudashobora kugenzura ururimi neza).
• Kumva ububabare cyangwa gushya .
• Kudashobora guhuza ingendo (nk'ururimi ruhambiriye).

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Ubusanzwe ntabwo dutekereza cyane ku mitsi idafite glossal, ariko ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'umubiri wacu. Ni imitsi idufasha kwimura ururimi rwacu, kuvuga, kumira, no kwimura ibintu mu kanwa kacu. Indwara nk'indwara zo mu bwonko, kanseri, na ALS zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'iyi mitsi. Kugira ubuzima bwiza bishobora gufashaIbi ni bimwe mu bintu bishobora gufasha kurinda imitsi yawe idakora neza. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bidasanzwe bijyanye n'ururimi rwawe, ni byiza kuvugana na muganga.

Umutsi utera imyakura, imitsi yo mu mutwe, imitsi yo mu mutwe, kugenzura ururimi, kugorwa no kuvuga, kugorwa no kumira, indwara z'imitsi