Umutima wawe ni nk'umuyoboro mwiza cyane ukora udahagarara. Akazi k'ingenzi k'uyu muyoboro ni ugutera amaraso mu mubiri wawe wose. Tekereza gato, kugira ngo uyu murimo ukorwe neza, amaraso agomba guhora atembera mu cyerekezo kimwe, neza neza. Ntabwo ashobora gutembera asubira inyuma. Kugira ngo ukore uwo murimo neza, hari uburyo bwiza cyane bw'amarembo imbere mu mutima. Mu buvuzi, aya marembo twita imiyoboro y'umutima . Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri iyi miyoboro mito, ariko y'ingenzi mu buzima bwawe.
Ni gute imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mutima ikora? Mbega uburyo butangaje!
Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe neza, reka tubanze turebe Aufbau, cyangwa imiterere y'umutima. Umutima wawe umeze nk'inzu ifite ibyumba bine. Hari ibyumba bibiri hejuru n'ibyumba bibiri hasi. Ibyo tubyita Atria na Ventricles.
- Icyumba cyo hejuru iburyo: Atrium y'iburyo
- Icyumba cyo hasi ku ruhande rw'iburyo: Ventricle y'iburyo
- Icyumba cyo hejuru ibumoso: Atrium y'ibumoso
- Icyumba cyo hasi ku ruhande rw'ibumoso: Ventricle y'ibumoso
Noneho, hagati y’ibi byumba, no hagati y’imitsi minini y’amaraso isohora amaraso mu byumba, hari uturindantoki, cyangwa amarembo ane. Ibi bikozwe mu ngirangingo nto ariko zikomeye cyane. Utu dupapuro twatwita kandi udupapuro cyangwa cusps.
Tekereza uburyo igitonyanga cy'amaraso kinyura mu mubiri wawe.
1. Ubwa mbere, amaraso yakoreshejwe mu mubiri kandi akaba yabuze umwuka wa ogisijeni (tuyavuge amaraso y'ubururu kugira ngo yorohe kuyasobanukirwa), aturuka mu mubiri wose agateranira mu cyumba cyo hejuru ku ruhande rw'iburyo, ni ukuvuga atrium y'iburyo .
2. Hanyuma, valve ya mbere, valve ya tricuspid, irakinguka. Hanyuma, amaraso ari mu cyumba cyo hejuru atembera mu cyumba cyo hasi, ventralène y'iburyo . Nyuma y'uko amaraso yinjira, iyi valve irafunga neza, idatuma amaraso yongera gutemba.
3. Noneho ventricle y'iburyo irakurura cyane, bivuze ko ipompa, hanyuma igasunika aya maraso adahumeka neza binyuze muri vali ya kabiri. Iyo ni vali y'ibihaha . Aya maraso ajya mu bihaha mu buryo butaziguye. Kuki? Kugira ngo abone ogisijeni.
4. Mu bihaha, aya maraso aba yuzuye ogisijeni . Noneho aya maraso aba ari amaraso mashya atukura afite ogisijeni. Aya maraso asubira mu mutima. Ariko kuri iyi nshuro agera ibumoso.
5. Aya maraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni ateranira mu cyumba cyo hejuru ku ruhande rw'ibumoso, ni ukuvuga atrium y'ibumoso .
6. Hanyuma, valve ya gatatu, valve ya mitral, irakinguka. Hanyuma, amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni ava mu cyumba cyo hejuru anyura mu cyumba cyo hasi, ventral y'ibumoso . Iki ni cyo cyumba gikomeye mu mutima.
7. Amaherezo, vericular y'ibumoso iratera cyane. Hanyuma veri ya kane kandi y'ingenzi, veri ya aortic, irafungura.Iyo imaze gufungura, aya maraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni ashyirwa mu muyoboro w'amaraso munini mu mubiri. Kuva aho, amaraso akwirakwira mu mubiri wawe wose, kuva ku mutwe kugeza ku mano.
Ijwi rya "lub-dub" wumva mu mutima wawe mu by'ukuri ni ijwi ry'izi vali enye zifungura kandi zigafunga uko zikurikirana. Ntabwo ari igitangaza se?
Utugozi tune mu mutima n'icyo dukora
Reka turebe izi valve enye mu buryo burambuye. Buri imwe muri zo ifite umwanya wayo, imiterere yayo, n'imikorere yayo.
| Izina rya valve | Aho biherereye n'igikorwa |
|---|---|
| Valve ya Tricuspid | Ifite valve eshatu. Iherereye hagati y'atriyumu y'iburyo (icyumba cyo hejuru) n'inyuma y'iburyo (icyumba cyo hasi). Akazi kayo ni ukureka amaraso makeya yo mu mubiri ava hejuru ajya hasi no kuyabuza gusubira hejuru. |
| Valve y'ibihaha | Ifite kandi imiyoboro itatu. Iherereye hagati y’umuyoboro w’iburyo (icyumba cyo hasi) n’umutsi w’ibihaha ujyana amaraso mu bihaha. Inshingano yayo ni ukureka amaraso akava mu muyoboro w’iburyo akayajyana mu bihaha no kubuza amaraso gusubira mu mutima. |
| Valve ya Mitral | Ifite valve ebyiri. Iherereye hagati y'atriyumu y'ibumoso (icyumba cyo hejuru) n'inyuma y'ibumoso (icyumba cyo hasi). Akazi kayo ni ugusohora amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni mu bihaha kuva hejuru kugeza hasi, no kuyabuza gusubira hejuru. |
| Valve y'umuyoboro w'amaraso (aortic valve) | Ifite valve eshatu. Iyi ni yo nzira nyamukuru yo gusohokeramo umutima. Iherereye hagati y'igice cyo hasi cy'umutima (icyumba cyo hasi) n'umuyoboro munini w'amaraso ujyana amaraso mu mubiri wose. Inshingano yayo y'ingenzi ni ukureka amaraso akava mu mutima akajya mu mubiri wose no guhagarika burundu ayo maraso ngo adasubira mu mutima. |
Ni izihe ndwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi y'umutima?
Hari igihe izi valve zidakora neza. Ibi bivuze ko umutima ugomba gukora cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe kugira ngo upompe amaraso umubiri ukeneye. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, umutima ushobora kuremererwa.
Hari impamvu nyinshi zituma habaho ibibazo bya valve:
- Gusaza: Uko tugenda dusaza, izi valve, kimwe n'ibindi bice by'umubiri, zishobora guhinduka.
- Indwara z'umutima zivukanwa: Hari abantu bavukana inenge zimwe na zimwe mu miyoboro y'amaraso (urugero, kugabanuka/kwiyongera k'umubare w'imiyoboro y'amaraso, impinduka mu miterere yabo). Ibi tubyita (Indwara z'umutima zivukanwa) .
- Indwara: Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe za bagiteri zishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'umutima mu buryo butaziguye.
- Izindi ndwara: Indwara nka diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, n'izindi ndwara z'umutima nabyo bishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso.
Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bw'ibibazo bya valve bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri valve iyo ari yo yose.
| Imiterere y'ikibazo | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Kuvoma (Gusubira mu buzima) | Ibi bimeze nk'urugi rudafunga neza. Valve ntifunga neza, bityo amaraso amwe asubira inyuma. Ibi kandi byitwa "valve y'umutima iva." Kugabanuka kwa valve ya Mitral ni urugero rwihariye rw'iyi ndwara. |
| Stenose | Ibi bimeze nk'urugi rudashobora gufungura burundu kubera ko imigozi yangiritse. Uduce tw'ingufu tuba twinshi, dukomera, cyangwa dufatanye, bityo ingufu ntifunguke burundu. Hanyuma umwanya w'amaraso unyuramo uba muto. Umutima ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo usuke amaraso hanze. |
| Atresia | Iyi ni indwara idasanzwe kandi ivukanwa. Yitiriwe ko umugozi udakora igihe cyo kuvuka, nk'urukuta aho rugomba kuba hari umuryango. |
Wamenya ute niba hari ikibazo kuri valve? Ni ibihe bimenyetso?
Igitangaje ni uko hari abantu bashobora kugira ikibazo kuri imwe mu mitsi y'umutima wabo ariko ntibagaragaze ibimenyetso . Kubera ko indwara y'imitsi ikomeza uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibimenyetso bitangira kugaragara uko umuntu agenda asaza.
Akenshi, muganga wawe ni we ubanza kubona ikibazo cy'umuyoboro w'amaraso. Ikimenyetso cya mbere ni ijwi ridasanzwe yumva iyo agushyize mu gituza, ryitwa umutima wo mu kanwa. Ariko, kumva umutima wo mu kanwa ntibisobanura ko hari ikibazo buri gihe. Hari igihe habaho "imiborogo y'umutima idafite ingaruka mbi" idafite ingaruka mbi.
Ariko, niba ibimenyetso bikurikira bigaragaye, bishobora kuba ikibazo cy'umuyoboro w'amaraso:
- Ububabare bwo mu gituza: Ububabare bumeze nk'uburibwe bukabije cyangwa bukabije mu gituza.
- Kuzungera no gucika intege: Kumva uzungazunga cyangwa uta ubwenge mu buryo butunguranye.
- Umunaniro: Kumva unaniwe cyane, nta buzima ufite, ndetse nta n'akazi na kamwe ukora.
- Gutera ubwoba mu gituza: Kumva umutima wawe urimo gutera cyane kandi igituza cyawe kirimo kuzamuka.
- Guhumeka nabi: Kugorwa no guhumeka, cyane cyane iyo ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, kugenda n'amaguru hafi, kuzamuka ingazi, cyangwa ndetse no kuryama mu buriri.
- Kubyimba: Kubyimba mu tuguru, ku birenge, ku maguru, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe mu gice cy'inda.
Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, nyamuneka ntugatinye ujye kwa muganga vuba bishoboka. Akenshi, ibi bishobora guterwa n'ibintu byoroshye, ariko ni byiza kwisuzumisha.
Ni gute wakomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'umutima urwaye indwara ya valve?
Iyo umuganga wawe yemeza ko urwaye indwara y'umutima, hari byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo uyirwanye kandi ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'umutima.
- Irinde kunywa itabi burundu. Kunywa itabi ni umwe mu banzi bakomeye b'umutima.
- Suzuma umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe na cholesterol yawe buri gihe kandi ubigenzure neza. Fata imiti muganga wawe yakwandikiye neza.
- Shyira indyo yuzuye umutima . Gabanya ibiryo birimo amavuta menshi, umunyu n'isukari. Shyiramo imboga nyinshi, imbuto, imboga n'amafi mato mu ndyo yawe.
- Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.Ariko, ni ingenzi cyane kubaza muganga wawe imyitozo ngororamubiri ikubereye.
- Jyana na muganga wawe buri gihe kugira ngo agusuzumishe. Ashobora kugenzura uko umutima wawe umeze no kuguha inama zikenewe.
- Mbere yo kuvurwa amenyo cyangwa kubagwa ubundi buryo, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata imiti yica udukoko . Impamvu ni uko bagiteri zinjira mu mubiri muri ibi bihe zishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso idakora neza.
- Ntuzigere wibagirwa kubwira abaganga bose bavura, harimo n'umuganga w'amenyo, ko ufite ikibazo cy'imitsi y'umutima.
Igihe cyose ushaka kubonana na muganga
Niba ufite ikibazo cy'umutima, ugomba kwitondera cyane indwara z'umutima (endocarditis) . Niba rero ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara nk'umuriro, kubabara umubiri, no kubabara mu muhogo, hamagara muganga wawe vuba. Ntugatekereze ko ari ibicurane gusa.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Utuzu tune two mu mutima wawe ni nk'amarembo mato atuma amaraso atembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa.
- Ibibazo by'ingenzi kuri izi valve ni ugusubira inyuma kw'imitsi no gucika intege kw'imitsi.
- Ijwi ridasanzwe ry'umutima (umutima uvuza umuborogo) ryumviswe na muganga akenshi rishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'indwara y'imitsi.
- Ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso nko kugorwa no guhumeka, kubabara mu gatuza, umunaniro ukabije, cyangwa kubyimba amaguru.
- Nubwo waba ufite indwara yo mu bwoko bwa valve, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza ufite ubuzima bwiza kandi ukagira ubuvuzi bukwiye. Ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga wawe buri gihe kugira ngo agusuzumishe.

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