Ese uzi imirwano iri mu mubiri wawe? Izi ni monocytes!

Ese wigeze utekereza ko hari abasirikare bato mu mibiri yacu, barwana intambara ikomeye yo kudukiza indwara? Rimwe mu matsinda y’uturemangingo twihariye ryitwa monocytes . Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku byo utu turemangingo ari byo n’akamaro kabyo ku mibiri yacu.

Izi monocytes ni iki?

Mu magambo make, monocytes ni ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso (leukocyte) mu maraso yawe. Urabizi, uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera tumeze nk'abasirikare bari mu buvuzi bwacu. Rero aba barwanyi bitwa monocytes ni bo basanga kandi bakarimbura mikorobe zinjira mu mibiri yacu, nka virusi, bagiteri, ibihumyo, na protozoa. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo banakuraho uturemangingo twanduye. Ni nk'uko polisi ifata abajura. Monocytes kandi ivugana n'izindi selile z'amaraso zera ziti: "Hari ikibazo hano, ngwino mufashe!" Zifasha gukiza ibikomere no gukumira indwara.

Ni iki kibaho kuri monocytes?

Tekereza umubiri wawe nk'itsinda rito ry'abazimya umuriro. Uko ni ko izi monocytes bikora. Ubuzima bwazo butangirira mu igufwa ryawe. Igufwa rya monocytes ni uturemangingo tworoshye kandi dufite umuyoboro mu magufwa yacu. Aho niho izi monocytes zivuka, zigakura, kandi zigatoza kurinda umubiri wawe. Iyo zimaze gutozwa neza, izi monocytes zihuza amaraso yawe n'izindi ngingo, ziteguye kurinda umubiri wawe abanzi nka mikorobe.

Iyo umugera winjiye mu mubiri wawe, uba umeze nk'umuriro. Monocytes zumva iyi "ntaka y'umuriro." Zihita zitangira gukora maze zikajya kuzimya "umuriro." Kugira ngo bifashe muri uru rugamba, monocytes zawe zigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'uturemangingo:

• Uturemangingo twa dendritic: Aba ni bo babwira izindi selile z'umweru ngo "ngwino mufashe!"
• Macrophages: Aba ni bo bajya ku rugamba bakarwanya mikorobe.

Uturemangingo twa dendritic ni iki? Dukora iki?

Uturemangingo twa dendrite ni nk'ikigo cy'amakuru cy'ishami ryawe ry'abazimya umuriro. Akazi kabo gakomeye ni ukubwira utundi turemangingo mu mubiri tuti: "Hari ikibazo hano, nimufatanye kurwana." Utu turemangingo twa dendrite akenshi tuboneka munsi y'uruhu rwacu, mu ngingo zigize amazuru yacu, ibihaha, inda, n'amara.

Iyo umugera winjiye mu ngingo z'umubiri, uturemangingo twa dendritic dukusanya antigen y'umugera winjira. Antigen ni "ikimenyetso cyo kumenya" kuri uwo mugera. Iyo uturemangingo tw'umubiri wacu tubonye iki kimenyetso, turavuga tuti: "Oh, uyu si umwe muri twe, ni undi muntu." Uturemangingo tw'umubiri dutangira gukora uturemangingo two kurwanya.Zitangira kwiyubaka. Hanyuma, uturemangingo twa dendritic dusohora poroteyine zidasanzwe zitwa cytokines . Izi cytokines zohereza ubutumwa ku zindi selile z'umweru, ziti: "Ngwino hano utsembe uyu muntu."

Ni iki kibaho kuri macrophages?

Macrophages ni uturemangingo turwanya mikorobe nka virusi, bagiteri, ibihumyo, na protozoa byinjira mu mibiri yacu. Utwo turemangingo tuzenguruka uturemangingo twinjira, tukatwikiza, hanyuma tukawurimbura dukoresheje enzymes zatwo zirimo uburozi. Si ibyo gusa, utu turemangingo tunini tunafasha gukuraho uturemangingo twapfuye mu ngingo zacu no mu maraso yacu. Kimwe n'abakusanya imyanda.

Ese izi monocytes zisa zite?

Monocytes ni ubwoko bunini bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera mu mubiri wacu. Mu by'ukuri, tungana inshuro ebyiri ugereranyije n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso! Iyo turebye hifashishijwe mikorosikopi, utu turemangingo tw'amaraso tworoshye kumenyekana bitewe n'ingano yatwo nini. Akaremangingo k'amaraso y'ubwoko bwa monocytes gafite nucleus ifite blobe ebyiri. Aka gakoresho k'amaraso y'ubwoko bwa monocytes kareremba mu gice cy'amazi cyitwa cytoplasm .

Uko monocyte igenda izenguruka umubiri, imiterere y'iyi nucleus nayo irahinduka. Ishobora kugira imiterere nk'iyi:

• Imeze nk'ubunyobwa bufite uduheri
• Imeze nk'inkweto y'ifarashi
• Mu ishusho y'uruziga ruhengamye ku ruhande rumwe
• Mu ishusho y'uruziga rwinjiriye imbere

Monocytes ziherereye he?

Monocytes zikorerwa mu musokoro w'amagufwa, igice cyoroshye kiri mu magufwa yawe. Iyo utwo turemangingo tumaze gukura, tujya mu ngingo zawe. Aho ngaho, duhurira n'utundi turemangingo turi mu budahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe kugira ngo tukurinde kwandura.

Umubare wa monocyte yawe ukwiye kuba ungana iki ubusanzwe?

Umubare usanzwe wa monocytes ku muntu mukuru muzima uri hagati ya 2% na 8% by'umubare wose w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera. Ibyo bivuze ko hagati ya monocytes 200 na 800 kuri mikorolitero imwe y'amaraso. Ariko, ibi bipimo bishobora gutandukana gato bitewe na laboratwari ipima amaraso yawe. Niba umubare wa monocytes uri hejuru cyangwa hasi, muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kubona impamvu.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kwibasira monocytes?

Izi ndwara ziratandukanye bitewe n'umubare wa monocytes mu maraso yawe. Hari igihe, iyo umubiri wawe urimo kurwanya ubwandu cyangwa indwara, izo monocytes zishobora kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka. Hari igihe, ibidasanzwe mu mubare wa monocytes bishobora kuba ingaruka mbi z'imiti imwe n'imwe.

Monocytosis - kwiyongera kwa monocytes

Ubwiyongere bw'umubare wa monocytes bivuzeMonocytosis ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara zitandukanye. Akenshi ifitanye isano n'indwara zandura nka mononucleosis cyangwa indwara zifata uturemangingo tw'umubiri nka lupus . Ibintu bishobora gutuma umubare w'uturemangingo tw'umubiri wiyongera harimo:

• Indwara z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Indwara z'amaraso
• Kanseri
• Indwara z'umutima n'imitsi
• Umuhangayiko udashira
• Kwandura indwara (igihe gito n'igihe kirekire)
• Indwara zo kubyimba
• Gutwita

Monocytopenia - kugabanuka kwa monocytes

Monocytopenia ni igihe urugero rw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe ruri hasi. Ikintu cyose kigabanya umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru gishobora gutuma umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru ugabanuka. Ibintu bishobora gutuma umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umubiri w'umuntu ugabanuka birimo:

• Aplastic anemia (kugabanuka k'umusaruro w'uturemangingo dukorwa n'umusemburo w'amagufwa)
• Kwandura amaraso
• Ibikomere byo gushya
• ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA
• Ubuvuzi bwa Chimiotherapie

Ni ibihe bizamini bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bwa monocytes zawe?

Ubuzima bwa monocytes yawe bugenzurwa hakoreshejwe isuzuma ry'amaraso. Hari ibizamini bibiri bishobora kugaragaza neza umubare w'uturemangingo twa monocytes ufite mu mubiri wawe:

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC) n'itandukaniro ry'umubare: Ibi bibara ubwoko butanu bwose bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera mu isuzuma ry'amaraso yawe kandi bigapima niba umubare w'uturemangingo twawe ari usanzwe, uri hejuru, cyangwa uri hasi.
• Umubare w'amaraso yose: Ibi bibara neza umubare w'amaraso yose ari mu rugero rw'amaraso yawe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by’indwara ziterwa na monocyte?

Umubare wa monocytes yawe waba uri hasi cyangwa hejuru, ushobora kutagira ibimenyetso byihariye bitewe n'umubare wa monocytes yawe. Ahubwo, ibimenyetso byose ubona akenshi biba ari ingaruka mbi z'uburwayi bwatumye umubare wa monocytes wawe uba udasanzwe.

Ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo akugire inama mu gihe ufite ibimenyetso bidasanzwe.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara ziterwa na monocyte?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'uko indwara yawe ihagaze n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe. Bishobora kuba byoroshye nko guhindura ibyo urya cyangwa unywa, cyangwa se bikaba byasaba imiti ivura indwara isanzwe.Bishobora kuba bikomeye nko kuvura. Muganga wawe azagusaba uburyo bwiza bwo kongera cyangwa kugabanya umubare wa monocytes yawe, bitewe n'uko wabibonye.

Ni gute wagabanya ukwiyongera kwa monocytes?

Ibintu bifasha kugabanya umubare wa monocytes ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kwirinda ibiryo bitera ububabare no kubyimbirwa.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe .
• Kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'inzoga.
• Kugenzura cyangwa kuvura indwara isanzweho.

Ni gute wakongera umubare muto wa monocytes?

Ibintu bifasha kongera umubare wa monocytes ni:

• Guhindura ingano n'igihe cy'imiti uko bikwiye (nk'uko byategetswe na muganga).
• Kugenzura indwara zishingiye ku buzima.
• Kuvura indwara zisanzwe.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubura vitamine, fata vitamine (urugero: vitamine B12, C, D ) kugira ngo ukomeze ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe.

Ni gute nakora kugira ngo monocytes zanjye zikomeze kuba nzima?

Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo uturemangingo twa monocyte tugumane ubuzima bwiza:

• Irinde imvune n'indwara zandura.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye kandi ugire imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije.
• Kurikiza isuku, nko gukaraba intoki buri gihe .
• Ntunywe itabi.
• Gabanya stress.
• Gira ibitotsi bihagije.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Noneho usobanukiwe akamaro ka monocytes mu gutuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu bugumana ubuzima bwiza. Bameze nk'abazimya umuriro mu mubiri wacu! Ni bo bahagarika ikwirakwira ry'"umuriro" (ubwandu) kuva kuri mikorobe kugera ku ngingo no mu maraso yacu. Bityo, ushobora gutuma monocytes zawe zigumana ubuzima bwiza ukora ibintu bikomeza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe, nko gusinzira bihagije, kurya indyo yuzuye, gukurikiza imyitwarire myiza y'isuku, no kwirinda indwara. Buri gihe wibuke ko niba wumva indwara cyangwa impinduka, ni byiza gushaka inama kwa muganga.

Monocytes , Uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru, Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, Ibipimo by'amaraso, Ubwandu, Ubuzima, Monocytes