Ese ufite byombi? Reka twige kuri Autism na ADHD (AuDHD)

Ese hari igihe wumva utari kumwe nawe? Ndetse n'urusaku ruto rushobora kugutera kurangara, ariko ushobora kwibanda ku kintu ukunda amasaha menshi. Ese ujya utekereza uti "Uyu ni njye, sibyo?" iyo ubonye ibintu ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ? Ushobora kuba ufite autism na ADHD. Iyi ni indwara abantu benshi bahura nayo. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi butaziguye.

Mu magambo make, AuDHD ni iki?

AuDHD si indwara yemewe n'abaganga. Ariko ni ijambo abahanga mu by'imitekerereze n'abashakashatsi ubu bafata nk'ikintu gikomeye. Muri make, niba umuntu afite indwara ya Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) na Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) , ijambo rikoreshwa mu gusobanura uwo muntu ni AuDHD (Aut-tism + ADHD).

Ushobora kuba warabonye ko hari abantu bavuga bati: "Ndi AuDHD" aho kuvuga bati "Mfite AuDHD." Impamvu y'ibi ni uko izi ndwara zitafatwa nk'indwara y'ubwonko, ahubwo zifatwa nk'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubwonko (neurodiversity) mu bwonko bw'umuntu. Ni ukuvuga ko iki atari inenge igomba gukosorwa, ahubwo ni itandukaniro mu buryo bamwe batekereza, bumva, kandi babona isi.

Tekereza, kugeza mu 2013, abaganga ntibemererwaga gusuzuma umuntu ufite autism na ADHD icyarimwe. Ariko ubu ayo mategeko yarahindutse. Kubera ko ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko izi ndwara zombi zikunze kubaho.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera AuDHD?

Nta muntu uzi impamvu nyayo y’ibi kugeza ubu. Ariko indwara ya autism na ADHD byombi ni indwara z’imitsi. Ibi bivuze ko zidakura icyarimwe mu gihe cy’ubukure, ahubwo zitangira kugaragaza ibimenyetso mu bwana cyangwa mu bwangavu. Ushobora kutabimenya kugeza ugeze mu myaka 30 cyangwa 40, ariko byaturutse mu bwana.

Impamvu nyamukuru ni imiterere y’umubiri. Izo ndwara zombi zishobora kuragwa. Hari igihe, nyuma yuko umwana wawe asanzwe afite autisme cyangwa ADHD, ushobora kureba urutonde rw’ibimenyetso hanyuma ukibwira uti “Yewe… ni njye ubwanjye.” Abantu bakuru benshi batangira gukora ubushakashatsi ku ndwara yabo nyuma yo gupimwa n’umwana wabo.

Byongeye kandi, hari n'ibindi bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri ibi bikurikira:

• Impinduka mu miterere y'ubwonko, iterambere ryabwo, cyangwa imikorere ya shimi.
• Guhura n'uburozi buturuka ku bidukikije mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa nyuma yo kubyara.
• Ubuzima bw'umubyeyi mu gihe atwite.
• Kuvuka kare cyane kurusha uko byari byitezwe.
• Kutabona umwuka uhagije mu bwonko igihe umwana avutse.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hari isano ikomeye hagati ya autisme na ADHD:

• 50% - 70% by'abantu bafite autisme nabo bafite ibimenyetso bya ADHD.
• 15% - 25% by'abantu bafite ADHD bagaragaza ibimenyetso bya autisme.

Kuki ibi bitamenyekanye igihe kirekire?

Akenshi, cyane cyane mu bihugu byacu, hari gutinda kumenyekana kw'ibi bibazo. Hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera:

• Ibizamini bya kera: Mu bihe byashize, ibizamini byari bigamije kumenya autism na ADHD byari bigamije abahungu bari bafite ibibazo kandi bazwi cyane. Kubwibyo, babuze abahishaga/bahisha ibyo batandukaniyeho kandi bagerageza kwishyira mu mwanya wa sosiyete, cyane cyane abakobwa.
• Impinduka mu buzima: Ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kugorana cyane uko inshingano zawe mu buzima ziyongera. Urugero, ushobora kumva ubabaye cyane iyo utangiye gukora, ushatse, ubyaye umwana, cyangwa utangiye kubaho wenyine.
• Ibitekerezo bitari byo: Abandi bashobora kwiyumvisha nabi impinduka zawe nk' "ubunebwe," "ubwibone," cyangwa "ubushake."

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya AuDHD?

Ubunararibonye bwa buri wese buratandukanye. Ariko hari ibintu bisanzwe bifitanye isano na autism na ADHD. Nk'umuntu ufite ADHD ya autism, ushobora kugira ibi bimenyetso bivuguruzanya. Bishobora gutera urujijo cyane. Reka turebe neza ibi bimenyetso mu mbonerahamwe.

Kubana n'amarangamutima nk'ayo avuguruzanya bishobora gutera indwara nk'imihangayiko no kwiheba.

Ni gute wamenya ibi neza?

Niba ufite gushidikanya kuri ibi, ntugafate ibyemezo ukurikije ibyo wasomye kuri interineti. Ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukubonana na muganga w’umuryango wawe (Umuganga w’Ubuzima bw’ibanze). Garagaza uko wiyumva, uko urimo kunyura mu munsi wawe, n’aho uhanganye n’ibibazo mu buzima.

Ushobora kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• "Muganga, mfite ADHD, autisme, cyangwa ikindi kintu?"
• "Kuki ntabasha kwihanganira amajwi n'impumuro zimwe na zimwe?"
• "Nshobora kunyandikira umuhanga mu by'ubu buryo?"

Muganga wawe azakohereza kwa muganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa inzobere mu by’imitekerereze y’abantu. Isuzuma ryuzuye rishobora kuba rikubiyemo:

• Kuvuga ku mateka yawe y'ubuvuzi n'ibibazo uhura na byo muri iki gihe.
• Kuzuza ibibazo.
• Kuganira n'abagize umuryango wawe bakuzi neza.
• Ibizamini bipima imitekerereze, kwibuka, n'imyumvire mu mibanire.

Ushobora kubona igitekerezo ukoresheje ibizamini byo kwipimisha biboneka kuri interineti, nka `Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ)` cyangwa `ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS)`.Ariko, ibisubizo by'ibi bipimo ntibishobora kugaragaza niba ufite AuDHD. Ibi bisaba ko muganga w'inzobere agusuzuma neza.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara ya AuDHD?

Nta buryo bumwe bwo kuvura buvuga ngo “Uyu ni wo muti.” Uburyo bwiza cyane ni ugukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bukunogeye.

• Imiti: Nubwo nta muti uhari w’ibimenyetso by’ingenzi bya autisme, imiti ishobora gufasha ibimenyetso bifitanye isano na ADHD, nko kutagira icyo umuntu yitayeho no kubura umutuzo. ​​Ariko, abantu bafite autisme bashobora kuba barushaho kumva ingaruka mbi z’imiti imwe n’imwe. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga wawe no kugerageza imiti itandukanye kugira ngo ubone umuti ukubereye n’ingano ikubereye.
• Ubuvuzi: Umuvuzi w’umuhanga ashobora kugufasha gucunga amarangamutima yawe no gukemura ibibazo byawe. Uburyo nka `Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)` na `Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)` ni ingirakamaro cyane.
• Impinduka mu bidukikije: Wenda ihumure rikomeye rituruka ku guhindura ibidukikije aho guhindura wowe ubwawe. Urugero:
• Gukoresha ecouteur zihagarika urusaku ahantu harangwa urusaku.
• Koresha inyibutsa ziboneka (amakarita, urutonde) kugira ngo wirinde kwibagirwa imirimo.
• Kumenyera kuvuga "oya" ku bintu bikunaniza.
• Gusaba amacumbi akenewe ku kazi cyangwa ku kigo cy’amashuri.

Ni gute wabaho neza ukoresheje AuDHD?

Kubana neza na AuDHD ntabwo ari ukugira ngo "ubigereho" ahubwo ni ukubaka ubuzima bwawe ukurikije ubwonko bwawe . Iyo usobanukiwe uko ubwenge bwawe bukora, ushobora gushyiraho ingamba, imipaka, n'imyitwarire ibushyigikira.

Ushobora kugerageza ibi bintu:

• Andika uburyo imbaraga zawe, intego yawe, n'amarangamutima yawe bihinduka umunsi wose.
• Fata umwanya wo kuruhuka (igihe cyo gukira) nyuma y'ibirori byo gusabana, nko mu birori cyangwa ubukwe.
• Kora gahunda zituma wumva ufite umutekano.
• Shaka umwanya wiyongereye ku bintu ukunda kandi bikakuzanira ibyishimo.
• Vugana n'abantu bahuye n'ibintu bisa nawe. Amatsinda yo gufashanya kuri interineti na yo ni ahantu heza ho kubigeraho.