Skip to main content

Ese nawe ufite umuriro? Ese twagombye kumenya iki kizamini cy'ibicurane?

Ese nawe ufite umuriro? Ese twagombye kumenya iki kizamini cy'ibicurane?

Muri iyi minsi wumva utameze neza cyangwa ufite umuriro? Wenda ufite umutwe, izuru riva, cyangwa ububabare. Mu bihe nk'ibi, twibaza tuti "Ese ibi ni ibicurane gusa cyangwa ni ibicurane?" Rero, yego, hari ikizamini cyo kumenya neza niba ufite ibicurane, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, ibicurane. Uyu munsi, tuzavuga kuri iki kizamini cy'ibicurane, ikizamini cy'ibicurane.

Ibicurane ni iki? Kuki nkeneye gupimwa?

Muri make, ibicurane ni indwara y'ubuhumekero iterwa na virusi . Akenshi ibaho mu gihe cy'ubukonje, ni ukuvuga mu gihe cy'itumba. Ariko, ishobora no kubaho mu gihe cy'impeshyi cyangwa mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi. Ikwirakwira vuba cyane kuva ku muntu umwe ijya ku wundi. Ni gute ? Ishobora gukwirakwira byoroshye mu gukorora, kwitsamura, cyangwa gukora ku kintu kirimo virusi hanyuma ugakora ku mazuru cyangwa mu kanwa .

Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko kubona urukingo rw'ibicurane bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara bikomeye kubera iyi grippe.

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane ubu, cyangwa niba ukeka ko ufite ibicurane, ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukureba muganga wawe . Ashobora gushaka ko ukorerwa isuzuma ry'ibicurane, cyane cyane niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo bivuye kuri ibicurane.

Ni nde ukwiriye gukora iki gipimo cy'ibicurane?

Si buri wese ugomba kwipimisha iyo afite umuriro. Abantu benshi bakira mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kugira ibibazo biturutse ku bicurane. Abaganga bashakisha abo bantu by'umwihariko. Dore bimwe mu bintu bishobora gutera:

  • Abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye: Ibyo bivuze abantu bafite ubushobozi buke bwo kurwanya indwara.
  • Abantu bafite indwara zidakira nka Diyabete Mellitus.
  • Ababyeyi batwite.
  • Abantu bakuru bafite imyaka irenga 65 n'abana bari munsi y'imyaka 5.
  • Abantu bari mu bitaro kubera indi ndwara.

Niba ugwa muri iki cyiciro, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga ukimara kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'ibicurane.

Ubwo bwoko bw'ibipimo by'umuriro ni ubuhe?

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gupima umuriro. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

1. Ibipimo byihuse byo Gupima Antijeni

Ubu buryo bwo gupima bureba poroteyine runaka, cyangwa antigen, ya virusi y'ibicurane mu gipimo cy'amazi yakuwe mu mazuru yawe. Ikintu cyiza kuri ibi ni uko ushobora kubona ibisubizo mu minota 30 gusa . Ibi kandi byitwa "Ibipimo byo Gusuzuma Ibicurane Byihuse" cyangwa "RIDTs" mu magambo ahinnye.

2. Isuzuma rya Molekile

Ibipimo bya molekile bireba ibintu bigize imiterere y’uturemangingo bya virusi ya grippe mu isuzuma ryakuwe mu mazuru yawe. Ibi bizamini ni byo byoroheje kurusha ibizamini byihuse bya antigen byavuzwe mbere.Uburinganire buri hejuru . `(Ikizamini cya PCR)` bisobanura `(Ikizamini cya Polymerase Chain Reaction)` ni ikizamini kizwi cyane nk'iki. Bimwe muri ibi bizamini bya molekile byihuta (bitanga ibisubizo mu minota 30), cyangwa bisaba koherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo haboneke ibisubizo (bishobora gufata iminsi mike).

Ni gute wakora ikizamini cy'umuriro?

Ikizamini icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ibicurane gisaba icyitegererezo mu nzira z’ubuhumekero. Akenshi, ibi bifatwa mu mazuru. Izi ntambwe zishobora gutandukana gato bitewe n’uburyo muganga wawe afata icyitegererezo.

Ibizamini byakozwe na muganga:

  • Ikizamini cyo gupima amazuru: Muganga wawe azashyira agatambaro k'ipamba (agatambaro) mu mazuru yawe kugira ngo akuremo icyitegererezo cy'amazi ava mu nkuta z'izuru ryawe. Hari igihe ibi bishobora gukorwa mu gice cy'imbere cy'izuru ryawe, cyitwa "Nasopharyngeal Swab". Ubu ni bwo buryo busanzwe bwo kubona icyitegererezo cyo gupima virusi y'ibicurane. Bishobora kuguha igisubizo cyihuse, cyangwa bikoherezwa muri laboratwari.
  • Gukaraba amazuru cyangwa Aspirate y'amazuru: Muri ubu buryo, muganga ashyira umuti muto w'amazi mu mazuru yawe hanyuma agakoresha icyuma gikurura kugira ngo afate urugero rw'amazi yo mu mazuru. Hanyuma icyo gipimo cyoherezwa muri laboratwari. Ubu buryo ni ingirakamaro cyane ku bana bato n'impinja .

Igishimishije ni uko nta kintu kidasanzwe ukeneye gukora kugira ngo witegure uru rukingo rw'ibicurane. Ubusanzwe rushobora gukorwa mu minota itarenze itanu.

Ibizamini bya Grippe mu rugo:

Mu ikizamini cyo mu rugo, ufata icyitegererezo mu mazuru yawe (hari ibizamini bikoresha amacandwe). Ugomba gusoma amabwiriza aza n'ikizamini witonze kandi ukabikora neza nk'uko byanditswe . Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ibizamini byo mu rugo:

  • Antijeni yihuse: Ibisubizo bishobora kuboneka mu minota 30.
  • Ibizamini bya Laboratwari: Uzakenera gupakira icyitegererezo cyawe mu gasanduku k'ibizamini hanyuma ucyohereze muri laboratwari. Bishobora gufata iminsi mike kugira ngo ibisubizo biboneke.

Ni ubuhe bunararibonye ubona iyo ukoze ikizamini?

Iyo ufashe icyitegererezo, iyo ushyize agatambaro mu mazuru, ushobora kumva urimo kwishimagura gato, nk'aho hari ikintu kigiye kukwibasira mu muhogo . Iyo wogeje amazuru, uzumva umerewe nabi gato, ariko ni iby'igihe gito kandi bizashira vuba . Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayika.

Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'iki kizamini?

Gupima ibicurane ni byiza cyane, kandi ingaruka mbi ni nke cyane . Ariko nk'uko bigenda ku isuzuma iryo ari ryo ryose, hari ibintu bike ugomba kumenya:

  • Kubabara: Ushobora kumva umerewe nabi iyo ushyize agatambaro mu mazuru cyangwa mu muhogo, ndetse ushobora no gukorora. Ibi ni iby'igihe gito kandi bizashira vuba.
  • Ibisubizo bitari byo: rimwe na rimweIbisubizo by'ubuhamya bw ...

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bivuga iki?

Dore ibisubizo bishoboka byo gupimwa umuriro n'icyo bivuze:

  • Igisubizo cyiza: Ibi bivuze ko ikizamini cyagaragaje antigen cyangwa RNA ya virusi ya grippe. Ibi bivuze ko urwaye grippe.
  • Igisubizo kibi: Ibi bivuze ko ikizamini kitabonye antigen cyangwa RNA ya virusi ya grippe. Ibi bivuze ko ikizamini cyakozwe icyo gihe kitabonye virusi ya grippe.
  • Ibisubizo bitari byo: Niba ibisubizo by'ibizamini byawe ari bibi, bivuze ko hari ikintu kitagenze neza mu ikizamini. Hashobora kubaho ikibazo ku buryo ikizamini cyafashwe cyangwa ikibazo ku ikizamini ubwacyo. Uzakenera kongera gukora ikizamini .

Ni ikihe gipimo cy'umuriro gikwiye kurusha ibindi?

Ikizamini cya swab gikorerwa muri laboratwari ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kumenya ibicurane . Kuri ibi, muganga wawe afata icyitegererezo inyuma y'umuhogo wawe anyuze mu mazuru yawe maze akacyohereza muri laboratwari kugira ngo gisuzumwe. Akenshi, ibi ni ibizamini bya molekile nka "PCR".

Ibizamini byihuse ni ibihe?

Ikizamini cya "quick fluenza antigen", kizwi kandi nka "Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test (RIDT)," ntabwo ari cyo cyumvikana neza kurusha ubundi bwoko bw'ibizamini bya "grippe" . Ibizamini bya "molecular", nka "(PCR)," ni byo byumvikana neza. Kubwibyo, rimwe na rimwe ikizamini cya "quick test" kigaruka ari kibi, ariko niba ibimenyetso bikomeje, muganga ashobora kukwohereza kuri "(PCR)".

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kijyanye n'ikizamini cyawe cy'umuriro, menya neza ko wavuganye na muganga wawe . Bishobora kuba byiza kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

  • Nsobanukirwa nte ibisubizo by'ikizamini cyanjye?
  • Utekereza ko ibisubizo by'ikizamini cyanjye ari byo?
  • Ese nkeneye gukora ibizamini byinshi?
  • Ese hari imiti cyangwa imiti utanga inama yo kuyivura?

Niba ufite gushidikanya, buri gihe vugana na muganga wawe ku bisubizo by'ibizamini byawe n'icyo bivuze . Ni ingenzi cyane kubisobanuro.

Umuriro ushobora kuba mwiza igihe kingana iki?

Igipimo cy'ibicurane gikunze gutangira kugaragara nk'aho ari amasaha 24 mbere yuko ibimenyetso bitangira , kandi gishobora gukomeza kugaragara nk'aho ari cyo mu gihe cy'iminsi myinshi nyuma y'ibyo. Igihe bifata kugira ngo umenye ko ufite ibicurane gishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikizamini cy'ibicurane uhabwa.

Hanyuma, hari ibintu bike byo kwibuka

Gupima ibicurane ni ikizamini cyoroshye cyo kureba niba ufite ibicurane (grippe). Abantu benshi ntibakeneye gupimwa ibicurane kandi bazakira mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri. Ariko, umuganga ashobora kohereza abantu bafite zimwe mu mpamvu z’ibyago twavuze mbere kugira ngo bapimwe ibicurane. Umuganga ashobora gukorera iki kizamini mu biro bye cyangwa mu bitaro. Hariho kandi ibikoresho byo gupima mu rugo biboneka muri farumasi na supermarket.

Wibuke ko ibizamini bimwe na bimwe ari byo by’ukuri kurusha ibindi . Niba utazi neza ibimenyetso cyangwa ibisubizo by’ibizamini byawe, ntutegereze - vugana na muganga wawe . Ibimenyetso by’ibicurane bishobora kwiyongera vuba, cyane cyane ku bantu bari mu matsinda y’abantu bashobora kwandura. Rero ni byiza kwitonda.


` Ikizamini cy'ibicurane, ibicurane, virusi, agatambaro ko mu mazuru, ikizamini cya PCR, ikizamini cya antigen, ibimenyetso by'ibicurane

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha

Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.

Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha 4 + 3 =
Ese nawe ufite umuriro? Ese twagombye kumenya iki kizamini cy'ibicurane?

Ese nawe ufite umuriro? Ese twagombye kumenya iki kizamini cy'ibicurane?

Muri iyi minsi wumva utameze neza cyangwa ufite umuriro? Wenda ufite umutwe, izuru riva, cyangwa ububabare. Mu bihe nk'ibi, twibaza tuti "Ese ibi ni ibicurane gusa cyangwa ni ibicurane?" Rero, yego, hari ikizamini cyo kumenya neza niba ufite ibicurane, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, ibicurane. Uyu munsi, tuzavuga kuri iki kizamini cy'ibicurane, ikizamini cy'ibicurane.

Ibicurane ni iki? Kuki nkeneye gupimwa?

Muri make, ibicurane ni indwara y'ubuhumekero iterwa na virusi . Akenshi ibaho mu gihe cy'ubukonje, ni ukuvuga mu gihe cy'itumba. Ariko, ishobora no kubaho mu gihe cy'impeshyi cyangwa mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi. Ikwirakwira vuba cyane kuva ku muntu umwe ijya ku wundi. Ni gute ? Ishobora gukwirakwira byoroshye mu gukorora, kwitsamura, cyangwa gukora ku kintu kirimo virusi hanyuma ugakora ku mazuru cyangwa mu kanwa .

Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko kubona urukingo rw'ibicurane bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara bikomeye kubera iyi grippe.

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane ubu, cyangwa niba ukeka ko ufite ibicurane, ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukureba muganga wawe . Ashobora gushaka ko ukorerwa isuzuma ry'ibicurane, cyane cyane niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo bivuye kuri ibicurane.

Ni nde ukwiriye gukora iki gipimo cy'ibicurane?

Si buri wese ugomba kwipimisha iyo afite umuriro. Abantu benshi bakira mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kugira ibibazo biturutse ku bicurane. Abaganga bashakisha abo bantu by'umwihariko. Dore bimwe mu bintu bishobora gutera:

  • Abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye: Ibyo bivuze abantu bafite ubushobozi buke bwo kurwanya indwara.
  • Abantu bafite indwara zidakira nka Diyabete Mellitus.
  • Ababyeyi batwite.
  • Abantu bakuru bafite imyaka irenga 65 n'abana bari munsi y'imyaka 5.
  • Abantu bari mu bitaro kubera indi ndwara.

Niba ugwa muri iki cyiciro, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga ukimara kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'ibicurane.

Ubwo bwoko bw'ibipimo by'umuriro ni ubuhe?

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gupima umuriro. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

1. Ibipimo byihuse byo Gupima Antijeni

Ubu buryo bwo gupima bureba poroteyine runaka, cyangwa antigen, ya virusi y'ibicurane mu gipimo cy'amazi yakuwe mu mazuru yawe. Ikintu cyiza kuri ibi ni uko ushobora kubona ibisubizo mu minota 30 gusa . Ibi kandi byitwa "Ibipimo byo Gusuzuma Ibicurane Byihuse" cyangwa "RIDTs" mu magambo ahinnye.

2. Isuzuma rya Molekile

Ibipimo bya molekile bireba ibintu bigize imiterere y’uturemangingo bya virusi ya grippe mu isuzuma ryakuwe mu mazuru yawe. Ibi bizamini ni byo byoroheje kurusha ibizamini byihuse bya antigen byavuzwe mbere.Uburinganire buri hejuru . `(Ikizamini cya PCR)` bisobanura `(Ikizamini cya Polymerase Chain Reaction)` ni ikizamini kizwi cyane nk'iki. Bimwe muri ibi bizamini bya molekile byihuta (bitanga ibisubizo mu minota 30), cyangwa bisaba koherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo haboneke ibisubizo (bishobora gufata iminsi mike).

Ni gute wakora ikizamini cy'umuriro?

Ikizamini icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ibicurane gisaba icyitegererezo mu nzira z’ubuhumekero. Akenshi, ibi bifatwa mu mazuru. Izi ntambwe zishobora gutandukana gato bitewe n’uburyo muganga wawe afata icyitegererezo.

Ibizamini byakozwe na muganga:

  • Ikizamini cyo gupima amazuru: Muganga wawe azashyira agatambaro k'ipamba (agatambaro) mu mazuru yawe kugira ngo akuremo icyitegererezo cy'amazi ava mu nkuta z'izuru ryawe. Hari igihe ibi bishobora gukorwa mu gice cy'imbere cy'izuru ryawe, cyitwa "Nasopharyngeal Swab". Ubu ni bwo buryo busanzwe bwo kubona icyitegererezo cyo gupima virusi y'ibicurane. Bishobora kuguha igisubizo cyihuse, cyangwa bikoherezwa muri laboratwari.
  • Gukaraba amazuru cyangwa Aspirate y'amazuru: Muri ubu buryo, muganga ashyira umuti muto w'amazi mu mazuru yawe hanyuma agakoresha icyuma gikurura kugira ngo afate urugero rw'amazi yo mu mazuru. Hanyuma icyo gipimo cyoherezwa muri laboratwari. Ubu buryo ni ingirakamaro cyane ku bana bato n'impinja .

Igishimishije ni uko nta kintu kidasanzwe ukeneye gukora kugira ngo witegure uru rukingo rw'ibicurane. Ubusanzwe rushobora gukorwa mu minota itarenze itanu.

Ibizamini bya Grippe mu rugo:

Mu ikizamini cyo mu rugo, ufata icyitegererezo mu mazuru yawe (hari ibizamini bikoresha amacandwe). Ugomba gusoma amabwiriza aza n'ikizamini witonze kandi ukabikora neza nk'uko byanditswe . Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ibizamini byo mu rugo:

  • Antijeni yihuse: Ibisubizo bishobora kuboneka mu minota 30.
  • Ibizamini bya Laboratwari: Uzakenera gupakira icyitegererezo cyawe mu gasanduku k'ibizamini hanyuma ucyohereze muri laboratwari. Bishobora gufata iminsi mike kugira ngo ibisubizo biboneke.

Ni ubuhe bunararibonye ubona iyo ukoze ikizamini?

Iyo ufashe icyitegererezo, iyo ushyize agatambaro mu mazuru, ushobora kumva urimo kwishimagura gato, nk'aho hari ikintu kigiye kukwibasira mu muhogo . Iyo wogeje amazuru, uzumva umerewe nabi gato, ariko ni iby'igihe gito kandi bizashira vuba . Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayika.

Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'iki kizamini?

Gupima ibicurane ni byiza cyane, kandi ingaruka mbi ni nke cyane . Ariko nk'uko bigenda ku isuzuma iryo ari ryo ryose, hari ibintu bike ugomba kumenya:

  • Kubabara: Ushobora kumva umerewe nabi iyo ushyize agatambaro mu mazuru cyangwa mu muhogo, ndetse ushobora no gukorora. Ibi ni iby'igihe gito kandi bizashira vuba.
  • Ibisubizo bitari byo: rimwe na rimweIbisubizo by'ubuhamya bw ...

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bivuga iki?

Dore ibisubizo bishoboka byo gupimwa umuriro n'icyo bivuze:

  • Igisubizo cyiza: Ibi bivuze ko ikizamini cyagaragaje antigen cyangwa RNA ya virusi ya grippe. Ibi bivuze ko urwaye grippe.
  • Igisubizo kibi: Ibi bivuze ko ikizamini kitabonye antigen cyangwa RNA ya virusi ya grippe. Ibi bivuze ko ikizamini cyakozwe icyo gihe kitabonye virusi ya grippe.
  • Ibisubizo bitari byo: Niba ibisubizo by'ibizamini byawe ari bibi, bivuze ko hari ikintu kitagenze neza mu ikizamini. Hashobora kubaho ikibazo ku buryo ikizamini cyafashwe cyangwa ikibazo ku ikizamini ubwacyo. Uzakenera kongera gukora ikizamini .

Ni ikihe gipimo cy'umuriro gikwiye kurusha ibindi?

Ikizamini cya swab gikorerwa muri laboratwari ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kumenya ibicurane . Kuri ibi, muganga wawe afata icyitegererezo inyuma y'umuhogo wawe anyuze mu mazuru yawe maze akacyohereza muri laboratwari kugira ngo gisuzumwe. Akenshi, ibi ni ibizamini bya molekile nka "PCR".

Ibizamini byihuse ni ibihe?

Ikizamini cya "quick fluenza antigen", kizwi kandi nka "Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test (RIDT)," ntabwo ari cyo cyumvikana neza kurusha ubundi bwoko bw'ibizamini bya "grippe" . Ibizamini bya "molecular", nka "(PCR)," ni byo byumvikana neza. Kubwibyo, rimwe na rimwe ikizamini cya "quick test" kigaruka ari kibi, ariko niba ibimenyetso bikomeje, muganga ashobora kukwohereza kuri "(PCR)".

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kijyanye n'ikizamini cyawe cy'umuriro, menya neza ko wavuganye na muganga wawe . Bishobora kuba byiza kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

  • Nsobanukirwa nte ibisubizo by'ikizamini cyanjye?
  • Utekereza ko ibisubizo by'ikizamini cyanjye ari byo?
  • Ese nkeneye gukora ibizamini byinshi?
  • Ese hari imiti cyangwa imiti utanga inama yo kuyivura?

Niba ufite gushidikanya, buri gihe vugana na muganga wawe ku bisubizo by'ibizamini byawe n'icyo bivuze . Ni ingenzi cyane kubisobanuro.

Umuriro ushobora kuba mwiza igihe kingana iki?

Igipimo cy'ibicurane gikunze gutangira kugaragara nk'aho ari amasaha 24 mbere yuko ibimenyetso bitangira , kandi gishobora gukomeza kugaragara nk'aho ari cyo mu gihe cy'iminsi myinshi nyuma y'ibyo. Igihe bifata kugira ngo umenye ko ufite ibicurane gishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikizamini cy'ibicurane uhabwa.

Hanyuma, hari ibintu bike byo kwibuka

Gupima ibicurane ni ikizamini cyoroshye cyo kureba niba ufite ibicurane (grippe). Abantu benshi ntibakeneye gupimwa ibicurane kandi bazakira mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri. Ariko, umuganga ashobora kohereza abantu bafite zimwe mu mpamvu z’ibyago twavuze mbere kugira ngo bapimwe ibicurane. Umuganga ashobora gukorera iki kizamini mu biro bye cyangwa mu bitaro. Hariho kandi ibikoresho byo gupima mu rugo biboneka muri farumasi na supermarket.

Wibuke ko ibizamini bimwe na bimwe ari byo by’ukuri kurusha ibindi . Niba utazi neza ibimenyetso cyangwa ibisubizo by’ibizamini byawe, ntutegereze - vugana na muganga wawe . Ibimenyetso by’ibicurane bishobora kwiyongera vuba, cyane cyane ku bantu bari mu matsinda y’abantu bashobora kwandura. Rero ni byiza kwitonda.


` Ikizamini cy'ibicurane, ibicurane, virusi, agatambaro ko mu mazuru, ikizamini cya PCR, ikizamini cya antigen, ibimenyetso by'ibicurane

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha

Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.

Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha 4 + 3 =