Ese hari ikibazo mu maraso yawe? Reka twige ku isuzuma rya Coombs!

Ese wigeze wumva ibyerekeye ikizamini cya Coombs? Ahari muganga wawe yarabikubwiye, cyangwa wenda wabikoze utwite. Nubwo bishobora kumvikana nk'ibigoye, mu by'ukuri bisuzuma ikintu cy'ingenzi mu maraso yawe. Uyu munsi, turaganira ku cyo ikizamini cya Coombs ari cyo, icyo gishobora kukubwira, n'igihe gikorewe.

Ikizamini cya Coombs ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ikizamini cya Coombs ni ikizamini gisuzuma uturemangingo tw’umubiri wawe dushobora kwibasira uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura. Noneho ushobora kuba wibaza ibyo uturemangingo tw’umubiri ari byo.

Tekereza umubiri wacu nk'igihome. Dufite ingabo mu mubiri wacu zo kurwanya abanzi (virusi, bagiteri, nibindi, twita antigens ) zituruka hanze. Aba basirikare bihariye muri iyo ngabo bitwa antibodies. Bamenya kandi bakarwanya ibintu byangiza bituruka hanze, bikaturinda indwara.

Ariko rimwe na rimwe, izi antibodies zo mu ngabo zacu zikora nabi gato. Zitangira kwibasira uturemangingo twacu twiza kandi dufite ubuzima bwiza, zikibwira ko ari abajura b'abanyamahanga. Ni bwo havuka ibibazo. Ikizamini cya Coombs gishakisha uturemangingo dutera uturemangingo dutukura.

Ikizamini cya Coombs gikoreshwa iki?

Kugira ngo ubyumve neza, ugomba kubanza kumenya ko hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ibizamini bya Coombs.

1. Ikizamini cya Coombs Direct - Hari igihe ibi byitwa kandi Ikizamini cya Antiglobulin Direct (DAT).

2. Ikizamini cya Coombs kitaziguye

Reka turebe ibi bibiri ukwabyo.

1. Ikizamini cya Coombs kitaziguye

Iki kizamini gifata uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura maze kikareba neza ubuso bwatwo kugira ngo kirebe niba dufite uturemangingo tw’amaraso dufatanye natwo. Tekereza uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura nk’udupira duto. Iki kizamini gishakisha uturemangingo tw’amaraso dufata uturemangingo tutari two tuyikikije.

Ibi bikunze gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma indwara ziterwa n'amaraso nka anemia y'amaraso iterwa n'umubiri . Abantu bafite iyi ndwara (autoimmune hemolytic anemia) bafite uturemangingo twabo bwite twangiza uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura. Ibi bituma batakaza uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura bakeneye kugira ngo bakomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.

2. Ikizamini cya Coombs kitaziguye

Iki kizamini gishobora kubwira muganga wawe niba hari antibiyotike zigenda mu maraso yawe zishobora gufatana n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.Bivuze ko izi antibody zitarafatana n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, ariko ziba ziri mu maraso, ziteguye gufatana igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

Ibi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bihe bibiri:

• Mu rwego rwo gupima mbere yo guterwa amaraso: Mbere yo guhabwa amaraso, ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba amaraso yatanzwe ahuye n'ubwoko bw'amaraso yawe, cyangwa niba ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe buzibasira amaraso mashya.
• Nk'igice cy'ibizamini bikorerwa mu gihe cyo gutwita: Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo burambuye.

Ikizamini cya Coombs mu gihe cyo gutwita

Niba utwite, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka ikizamini cya Coombs kitaziguye kugira ngo arebe niba hari ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri burwanya amaraso ya Rh mu maraso yawe.

None se iyi Rh ni iki?

Hari ibintu byinshi bigena ubwoko bw'amaraso yacu. Uretse ubwoko bw'amaraso A, B, AB, na O, ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi ni Rh factor. Hari abantu bafite iki kimenyetso ku buso bw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yabo. Tubita Rh-positive. (Urugero: O positive, A positive). Hari abantu badafite iki kimenyetso ku turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yabo. Tubita Rh-negative. (Urugero: O positive, A positive).

Urugero, niba umubyeyi afite Rh-negative (ni ukuvuga O negative), kandi umwana uri mu nda afite Rh-positive, ikibazo gishobora kuvuka. Ibi byitwa Rh sensitization. Ikibaho hano ni uko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bw'umubyeyi buhita bumenya ko Rh factor iri ku turemangingo dutukura tw'umwana ari "umwanzi" maze bugatangira gukora antibodies zo kuyirimbura.

Ubusanzwe, bifata igihe kugira ngo umubiri wa nyina ukore izi antibodies kandi zigire imbaraga zihagije zo kugira ingaruka ku mwana. Kubwibyo, akenshi, umwana ntagira ingaruka nyinshi mu gihe cyo gutwita kwa mbere. Ariko, iyo umubyeyi abyaye umwana ufite Rh-positive, uturemangingo twamaze kwibasira uturemangingo tw’amaraso y’umwana dushobora kwibasira uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura tw’umwana. Ibi bishobora gutuma umwana agira indwara yitwa Rh . Ibi bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye ku buzima bw’umwana, nko kubura amaraso n’umuhondo. Ibi bibazo bishobora kwiyongera uko umubyeyi afite umwana ufite Rh-positive.

Ariko ntugahangayike! Niba uri mu kaga ko kwandura Rh sensitization, ubuvuzi bukwiye bushobora gukumira iki kibazo. Niba usanzwe ufite sensitization, hari uburyo bwo kuvura umwana wawe. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa cyane kwipimisha Coombs mu gihembwe cya mbere cyo gutwita.

Ikizamini cya Coombs ku bana bavutse

Niba umwana wawe afite indwara y'umuhondo (jaundice) akivuka, muganga wawe ashobora gukora ikizamini cya Coombs. Ibi bifasha kumenya uturemangingo twose "dutandukanye" twafatanye n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso y'uruhinja. Ibi bivuze ibintu nk'uturemangingo twavuye kuri nyina tujya ku mwana.

Ikizamini cya Coombs gikorwa gite?

Kugira ngo umuganga akore iki kizamini, azakenera gufata amaraso make.

Ese ukeneye kwitegura ibi?

Oya, nta kintu na kimwe ugomba gukora kugira ngo witegure by’umwihariko mbere y’ikizamini cya Coombs.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?

Muganga cyangwa umuforomo azakoresha urushinge ruto kugira ngo afate amaraso make mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe cyangwa mu kuboko kwawe. Iyo urushinge rushyizwemo, uzumva urimo "gukanda" cyangwa "kuruma" mu nkari zawe . Ibi bizamara amasegonda make. Nyuma yo gufata amaraso, azoherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo asuzumwe. Muganga azashyira agapfukamunwa gato hejuru y'aho yatobowe. Uzashobora kuyakuraho mu minota 10 kugeza kuri 20.

Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umenye ibisubizo?

Kenshi na kenshi, uzabasha kumenya ibisubizo by'ikizamini mu masaha 24.

Ni iki ibisubizo by'ikizamini cya Coombs bitubwira?

Ikizamini cya Coombs kigaragaza ko umuntu afite ubwandu ni iki?

Niba ikizamini cya Coombs cyaragaragaye ko ari cyiza, cyangwa kidasanzwe, bivuze ko ufite uturemangingo tw’umubiri dushobora kwibasira uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura. Ibi bishobora guterwa n’impamvu nyinshi. Urugero:

• Anemia yo mu maraso iterwa n'umubiri : Nkuko twabiganiriyeho mbere, ni indwara aho uturemangingo tw'umubiri twica uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.
• Mononucleosis yandura : Iyi ni indwara y'uturemangingo tubyimba iterwa n'ubwandu bwa virusi.
• Leukemia y'amaraso idakira : Iyi ni ubwoko bwa kanseri y'amaraso.
• Sirifi : Iyi ni indwara yandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
• Ubwandu bwa Mycoplasma : Ubu ni ubwoko bw'ubwandu bufata imyanya y'ubuhumekero.
• Lupus : Iyi nayo ni indwara iterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri, bivuze ko yibasira sisitemu z’umubiri.
• Ingaruka mbi iyo umuntu atewe amaraso.

Bite ho niba ikizamini cyagaragaje ko ari icyanduye mbere yo gutanga amaraso (guterwa amaraso)?

Niba ikizamini cya Coombs, cyakozwe mbere yuko uhabwa amaraso, cyagaragaje ko ari cyiza, bivuze ko umuganga agomba kwitonda cyane mu guhitamo umutanga. Abantu batewe amaraso inshuro nyinshi bashobora kuba barabonye ubwoko butandukanye bw'uturemangingo tw'umubiri. Kubwibyo, bishobora kugorana gato kubona amaraso ahuye na yo.

Bite ho niba ikizamini cyagaragaje ko ari icyanduye mu gihe utwite?

Niba warapimwe Coombs neza mu gihe utwite, bivuze ko ugomba gufata ingamba zidasanzwe zo kurinda umwana wawe kwandura indwara ya Rh. Muganga wawe azakugira inama kuri ibi.

Ni iki Coombs positive isobanura ku mwana?

Muri rusange, ikizamini cya Coombs kigaragaza ko umwana afite amaraso make cyangwa umuhondo. Iyo ikizamini cy'umwana kigaragaje ko afite umuhondo, muganga azasuzuma umwana cyane kandi amugire inama yo kumuvura neza.

Igisubizo cya Coombs cyerekana ko nta virusi gisobanura iki?

Niba ikizamini cya Coombs ari kibi, cyangwa gisanzwe, iyo ni inkuru nziza! Bivuze ko nta antibodies zabonetse zifatanye n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Bitewe n'imimerere yawe, bishobora gusobanura ibintu nk'ibi:

• Amaraso ashobora kuboneka mu buryo bwizewe binyuze mu guterwa amaraso n'uwayatanze.
• Niba utwite, nta mpamvu yo guhangayikishwa n'uko Rh sensitization igira ingaruka ku mwana.

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga?

Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso byo kubura amaraso mu maraso, nko kugira umuhondo, kumva ufite isereri, kuzungera, cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kwibanda ku bintu , hita ubonana na muganga wawe. Ashobora kugusuzuma, gukora ibindi bipimo nibiba ngombwa, no kumenya uburyo bwo kuvura bukwiye.

Wibuke ko ibimenyetso byinshi bisanzwe bishobora gusa n'iby'izindi ndwara. Niba wumva ikintu kidasanzwe cyangwa gitandukanye, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo akugire inama.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ikizamini cya Coombs ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi gishakisha abasirikare bashobora kwibasira no gusenya uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura. Kugira ngo ubigereho, ufatwa ikizamini cy'amaraso. Nubwo ibisubizo by'Ikizamini cya Coombs bishobora gufasha itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga kwerekeza mu cyerekezo gikwiye, rimwe na rimwe hashobora gukenerwa ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo haboneke isuzuma n'ubuvuzi bukwiye. Rero, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza. Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge, ntugatinye kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Ikizamini cya Coombs , uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo tw'umubiri, Rh factor, gutwita, kubura amaraso, indwara y'umuhondo