Ntugatinye ikizamini cya AFP mu gihe utwite! Reka tumenye ibisobanuro birambuye (Ikizamini cya Alpha-Fetoprotein)

Niba uri umubyeyi utwite, muganga wawe ashobora kuba yaragusabye gukora 'AFP test'. Iyo wumvise iri zina, ushobora kumva ufite ubwoba gato kandi ukagira ubwoba. Ibintu nk'ibi bishobora kuza mu mutwe wawe, "Iki ni iki? Kuki ibi bikorwa? Ese hari ikibazo kiri ku mwana?" Ariko ntugire ubwoba na gato. Iki ni ikizamini gisanzwe kandi cy'ingenzi gikunze gukorwa ku babyeyi batwite. Gikoreshwa kugira ngo hamenyekane gato ubuzima bw'umwana. Rero, uyu munsi turashaka ibisubizo by'ibibazo byose ufite mu mutwe kuri iki kizamini cya AFP.

Ikizamini cya AFP ni iki mu buryo bworoshye?

Muri make, ikizamini cya Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) ni ikizamini cy'amaraso gisuzuma urugero rwa poroteyine yitwa AFP mu maraso yawe.

Noneho ushobora kuba uri kwibaza uti "Iyi poroteyine ya AFP ni iki?" Biroroshye cyane. Ni poroteyine ikorwa n'umwijima w'umwana wawe muto uri mu nda yawe. Uko umwana wawe akura, imwe muri iyi poroteyine yinjira mu mazi ya amniotic akikije umwana wawe, hanyuma ikagera aho yinjira mu maraso yawe. Rero, ufashe gato mu maraso yawe ukayipima, ushobora gupima ingano y'iyi poroteyine ya AFP ufite.

Ubusanzwe, urugero rwa AFP rugomba kuba ruri mu rugero runaka mu gihe cyo gutwita. Iyo urugero ruri hasi cyane cyangwa hejuru cyane , bishobora guha abaganga ikimenyetso gito cy'uko umwana uri mu nda ashobora kuba afite ikibazo cy'uturemangingo cyangwa ubusembwa yavukanye.

Ese ikizamini cya AFP gishobora gukorwa ku muntu utari utwite?

Yego, ibi bishobora kumvikana nk'ibidasanzwe, ariko hari igihe abaganga basaba abantu badatwite gukora ikizamini cya AFP. Ariko intego yabyo itandukanye rwose.

Ubusanzwe urugero rwa AFP ruba ruri hasi cyane ku muntu mukuru cyangwa umwana utaratwite (usibye umwana uvutse). Iyo uru rugero rwongerewe nta mpamvu igaragara , rushobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uburwayi runaka. Kubwibyo, iki kizamini gikoreshwa mu gufasha gusuzuma indwara nka kanseri. Byitwa ikizamini cya AFP cyerekana ikibyimba .

Indwara zishobora kugaragazwa n'urugero rwa AFP ruri hejuru:

• Kanseri y'umwijima
• Kanseri y'intanga ngore cyangwa kanseri y'intanga ngore
• Kurwara umwijima (cirrhosis)
• Indwara z'umwijima ziterwa no kubyimba, nka hepatite A, B cyangwa C

Nanone, iyo abaganga bavura umurwayi wa kanseri, hari igihe bakoresha iki kizamini cya AFP kugira ngo barebe niba ubuvuzi bwagenze neza. Iyo urugero rwa AFP rugabanutse uko ubuvuzi bugenda, bivuze ko ubuvuzi bwagenze neza.

Ni ryari ikizamini cya AFP gikorerwa mu gihe utwite? Ni bande by'umwihariko gifitiye akamaro?

Iki kizamini cya AFP gikunze gukorwa ku mubyeyi utwite uri hagati y'ibyumweru 16 na 22 atwite . Iki ni cyo gihe cyiza cyo kubona ibisubizo nyabyo.

Mu by’ukuri, buri mugore utwite ashobora gukora iki kizamini. Ariko muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kugipima cyane cyane niba ufite kimwe mu bintu bikurikira bishobora gutera ibyago:

• Niba ufite imyaka irenga 35 .
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wabyaye umwana ufite ubumuga .
• Niba urwaye diyabete (Diabetes Mellitus) .

Mu bihe nk'ibi, ibyago byo kugira umwana ibibazo bimwe na bimwe biba biri hejuru cyane, bityo ni ngombwa cyane ko iki kizamini gikorwa.

Ibi bizamini birashaka iki?

Ikizamini cya AFP ni nk'umupolisi w'iperereza. Gihishura ibimenyetso byinshi by'ingenzi ku buzima bw'umwana. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

Ikizamini gikorwa gute kandi ni iki ngomba kwitegura?

Ntabwo ugomba guhangayikishwa na gato n'ibi. Ikizamini cya AFP ni ikizamini cyoroheje cyane cy'amaraso gisanzwe.

Mu by’ukuri, muri laboratwari, umuforomo cyangwa umuganga azafata amaraso make mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe . Bitwara iminota itarenze itanu. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ubwoba gato bwo guterwa inshinge. Niba ufite ubwoba nk’ubwo (trypanophobia), bwira umuntu ufata amaraso mbere y’igihe. Ushobora kugira icyo ukora muri iki gihe, nko guhumeka cyane no kureba kure.

Nta kwitegura kwihariye gukenewe kuri iki kizamini. Ariko, ni byiza kunywa amazi menshi mbere yo gupimwa. Ibi bizatuma byoroha kubona imitsi yawe kandi amaraso azahita afatwa vuba.

Ni gute wasobanukirwa ibyavuye mu kizamini cya AFP?

Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane. Iyo ubonye raporo y'ikizamini cya AFP, ntugahangayikishwe n'imibare. Muganga wawe arahari kugira ngo agufashe kubyumva.

Iki ni ikizamini cyo gusuzuma gusa. Ni ukuvuga ko kigenzura gusa niba hari ibyago. Iyo kigaragaje ko hari ibyago, hazakenerwa ibindi bizamini kugira ngo byemezwe.

Reka turebe icyo ibisubizo bidasanzwe bishobora kwerekana.

Nkuko mubibona, ibisubizo bidasanzwe ntabwo bivuze ikibazo ku mwana. Rero ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukudatinya no kuvugana na muganga wawe ukimara kubona raporo.

Niba raporo ya AFP idasanzwe, ni iki gikurikiraho?

Niba ibisubizo bya AFP byawe bitari ku rugero rusanzwe, muganga wawe azabanza kuguhumuriza. Hanyuma, bashobora kukugira inama yo gukora ibindi bipimo bike kugira ngo bemeze ibisubizo cyangwa bamenye impamvu nyayo.

• Ibindi bipimo by'amaraso: Hari igihe, hamwe n'ikizamini cya AFP, hakorwa n'ibindi bipimo by'imisemburo, nk'ikizamini cya ecran eshatu . Ibi bishobora gutanga amakuru arambuye.
• Gupima mu buryo bwimbitse ultrasound: Muganga wawe azakohereza kwa muganga w’inzobere kugira ngo agupime mu buryo bwimbitse. Ibi bizasuzuma uruti rw’umugongo rw’umwana wawe, ubwonko bwe, n’izindi ngingo kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose.
• Ibizamini byo gusuzuma indwara: Niba ugishidikanya nyuma y’ibi bizamini byavuzwe haruguru, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukora ikizamini nka amniocentesis cyangwa chorionic villus sampling (CVS) . Ibi bifata icyitegererezo cy’uturemangingo tw’umwana bikabipima, kugira ngo umenye neza 100% niba hari ikibazo cy’uturemangingo.

Ni iki kindi ushaka kubaza muganga?

Vugana na muganga wawe ku mugaragaro kuri ibi. Ntutinye kubaza ikibazo cyangwa impungenge ufite. Urugero:

• "Muganga, ni ryari igihe cyiza cyo gukora iki kizamini cya AFP?"
• "Agaciro kari muri raporo yanjye ya AFP kavuga iki?"
• "Ese hari ibindi bizamini nkeneye gukora bishingiye kuri iyi raporo?"
• "Ni izihe ntambwe tugomba gutera ubutaha?"

Muganga wawe azagusobanurira byose kandi aguhe ubuyobozi ukeneye.