Menya ibijyanye n'indwara yo kuvukana inenge yo mu kibuno (Anorectal Malformation) n'uburyo ivurwa

Muraho neza! Uyu munsi twifuza kuganira ku kibazo gikomeye cyane cyerekeye ubuzima bw'abana bacu, cyane cyane inenge umwana ashobora kuvukana mu kibuno cyangwa mu nzira y'igogora izwi nka Anorectal Malformation. Nk'abaganga banyu, twifuza kubagezaho amakuru yose mukeneye mu buryo bworoshye, bwumvikana, kandi bw'ubucuti kugira ngo mumenye uko mwafasha abana banyu igihe bahuye n'iki kibazo. Ubundi urabyumva ko ari inkuru ikomeye ku babyeyi, si byo se? Reka rero dusobanukirane neza iby'iyi ndwara.

Ni iki kibazo cy’inyuma n’inyuma (Anorectal Malformation) cyavutsemo?

Tekereza nawe ukuntu umwana muto aba akeneye kwitabwaho bihebuje akivuka. Rimwe na rimwe, hari igihe umwana avukana inenge aho inzira y'umusarani (aho umwanda usohokera) itaremwe neza mu buryo bw'umwimerere. Icyo ni cyo twita Anorectal Malformation mu rurimi rw'abanyamahanga. Iyi nenge ishobora kuba nto cyangwa ikaba ikomeye, bitewe n'uko imitsi n'imyakura y'inkengero z'ikibuno yafatanye cyangwa itabashije gukora neza. Ese wari warigeze kubyumvaho mbere? Buri gihe twifuza ko ababyeyi mumenya ibi hakiri kare kugira ngo twirinde ingorane zishobora kuvukamo.

"Anus" na "Rectum" bivuze iki?

Kugira ngo twumvikane neza, reka dusobanure utugambo duke dukoreshwa na muganga. Rectum ni rya jambo ryerekana icyumba cya nyuma cy'amara mato cyangwa manini aho umwanda ubanza kwicara mbere y'uko usohoka. Naho Anus cyangwa se icyitwa igisebe cy'ikibuno (aho twitumira) ni rya remezo ry'inyuma ryagenewe gusohora uwo mwanda. Iyo rero haseye mu mikorere y'ibi bice cyangwa mu migenderanire yabyo n'imyakura, havuka ibibazo bikomeye nk'uko twabivuze haruguru. Birasobanutse, si byo se?

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Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Iyo umwana avutse, abaganga cyangwa abaforomo b'i muganga (mu bitaro cyangwa ivuriro ryo ku murenge) baba bagomba gusuzuma neza niba umwana yitabye neza amagara ye ya mbere. Mu masaha ya mbere y'amavuko, umwana aba agomba kuba yitumye wa mwanda wa mbere witwa meconium. Iyo rero uwo mwanda wanze gusohoka cyangwa ukagaragara ahandi hantu hatamenyerewe (nko mu mazuru, mu matwi, cyangwa se mu bindi bice by'umubiri ku bakobwa n'abahungu), ni ho umuganga ahita abona ko hari ikibazo cy'Anorectal Malformation. Mbega ukuntu byaba bikomeye ku mubeyi kubona ibyo, ariko tugomba guhora twiteguye kugira inama no gufasha!

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uko umuntu yavukanye afite inenge yo mu kibuno no mu nda y'igituba?

Nk'uko twabigarutseho, hari ibimenyetso bigaragara vuba cyane umwana akivuka cyangwa mu minsi ye ya mbere. Reka tubisuzumire hamwe:

• Kutabona umwobo w'ikibuno cyangwa ukaba uri ahatari ho hose hagenewe.
• Kutabasha kwituma umwanda wa mbere (meconium) mu masaha 24 cyangwa 48 ya mbere nyuma y'amavuko.
• Kubyimba mu nda cyane kw'umwana no kurira cyane kubera ububabare n'impatwe zikabije.
• Kubona umwanda usohokera mu bindi bice nko mu gitsina cyangwa ku ruhande ku bana b'abakobwa n'abahungu.

Ibi byose biratwereka neza ko hakenewe ubutabazi bwihutirwa bw'abaganga ba local family clinic / primary health center cyangwa se ku bitaro bikuru by'intara n'akarere.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'indwara zo mu nda ziterwa n'imitsi?

Yego rwose! Iyi nenge ntihuriye hamwe kuri bose. Hari ubwoko bworoheje aho umwobo w'ikibuno uba uriho ariko ari muto cyane, cyangwa se hari ubwoko bukomeye aho inzira y'amara na yo itagera na hato ku ruhu rw'inyuma. Ibi bituma muganga agira urwego rwo gusuzumira hamwe n'inzobere z'indwara z'abana kugira ngo amenye neza uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura umwana.

Kuki ibi bibaho ku bana bato?

Ababyeyi benshi bakunze kwibaza bati: "Ese nakoze iki cyatumye umwana wanjye avukana uku?" Hanyuma, tubwire twisanzuye: nta kosa na rimwe wakoze! Ibi ni ibintu bisanzwe bibaho mu gihe umwana ari mu nda y'umubyeyi ubwo ingingo ze zaba ziri gukura mu buryo budasanzwe. Nta kintu na kimwe cyangwa se uburangare bw'umubyeyi bwabiteye. Ni impinduka ziba mu mikurire y'umubiri w'umwana akiri mu nda.

Ese abana bafite Anorectal Malformations bashobora kugira izindi ngorane z'ubuzima?

Birashoboka cyane. Rimwe na rimwe, inenge zo mu kibuno zishobora kujyana n'izindi nenge mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri nko mu mutima, mu mpyiko, cyangwa mu magufa y'umugongo. Ni yo mpamvu twe abaganga dusuzuma umwana wose ufite iki kibazo mu buryo bwuzuye kugira ngo turebe ko nta yindi ngorane yihishe mu bindi bice by'umubiri we. Ubwo se ntabwo ari byiza ko tumenya byose hakiri kare?

Ni gute iyi ndwara ipimwa neza?

Iyo tugeze mu ivuriro cyangwa ku bitaro, dukora ibizamini bitandukanye birimo:

• Kureba n'amaso no gusuzuma umubiri w'umwana n'ikibuno cye (Physical Examination).
• Gukoresha ibizamini by'amashusho nka X-ray cyangwa Ultrasound (ifashishwa mu kureba imbere mu nda).
• Kureba uko imitsi n'imyakura ikora neza.

Ibi byose bidufasha gufata icyemezo cy'ubuvuzi buhamye kandi bwizewe.

Ni gute izi Anorectal Malformations zivurwa?

Ubuvuzi bw'ibanze n'ubwa nyuma bushingiye cyane cyane ku kubaga (Surgery). Abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga abana (Pediatric Surgeons) ni bo bakora ibikorwa by'ingenzi byo gufungura inzira y'umusarani no kuyihuza n'imitsi yagenewe kugenzura ukwituma. Mu gihe hagitegerejwe kubagwa cyangwa nyuma y'aho, rimwe na rimwe hashobora gukoreshwa uburyo bwo gusohora umwanda binyuze mu nda (nka Colostomy) mu gihe gito, mbere y'uko bazongera gusubiza ibintu ku murongo nyakuri.

Tugerure Imiterere n'Uburyo bwo Kwitwara

Ni izihe ngorane cyangwa ingaruka mbi zishobora kubaho nyuma y'ubu buvuzi?

Nk'uko bisanzwe ku bikorwa byose by'ubuvuzi, hari igihe hashobora kubaho ingoraga nko kugira ikibazo cyo kutabasha kwitwara neza ku bijyanye no gufata umwanda (Incontinence) mu gihe cy'ubwana bwe, cyangwa se hakaba ubwo umwobo wongera kuba muto (Stricture). Ariko ntutinye, dukomeza gukurikiranira hafi umwana kugira ngo tumufashe kwituma neza no gukura nta mbogamizi zikomeye.

Ese iyi Anorectal Malformation ishobora kwirindwa?

Nk'uko twabivuze mu ntangiriro, iyi ni inenge y'imiburire y'umwana akiri mu nda y'umubyeyi, bityo nta buryo bwihariye bwo kuyirinda buzwi neza. Icy'ingenzi ni ugukurikiranisha hafi ubuzima bw'umubyeyi utwite ku kigo cy'ubuzima (local family clinic / primary health center) kugira ngo harebwe ko byose bigenda neza ndetse no kuvuganira umwana akivuka.

Ni nde ugerwaho n'iki kibazo cyane?

Iki kibazo gishobora kugera ku mwana uwo ari we wese, haba umuhungu cyangwa umukobwa, nta kiciro cyihariye cyangwa ubwoko bw'abantu bwiharira iyi nenge. Ni ibintu bibaho mu bana bake ku isi hose mu gihe cy'amavuko yabo.

Ni iki giteganyijwe kuri iki kibazo?

Ese amagara y'umwana azaba ameze ate mu gihe kiri imbere? Abana benshi bavukana ubu burwayi, iyo bitaweho n'abaganga b'inzobere bagakorerwa ubuvuzi bwose bukenewe, bashobora gukura neza, bakajya kwiga, bagakina, ndetse bakazaba abantu bakuru bazima kandi bafite ubuzima bwiza. Ibyo bitanga icyizere gikomeye ku babyeyi bacu!

Ni ryari wagombye kubonana na muganga w'umwana wawe?

Ugomba kujya kwa muganga ako kanya ubonye ko umwana wawe: * Atabashije kwituma nyuma y'amasoro 24 ya mbere y'amavuko. * Abonye umwanda usohokera ahandi hatari ho. * Umwana arira cyane, afite inda ibyvimbye kandi agaragaza ububabare budasanzwe. * Ubona mu kibuno cy'umwana hagaragara mu buryo budasanzwe cyangwa hatameze neza.

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga w'umwana wawe?

Igihe uri mu ivuriro ryawe cyangwa ku bitaro, ushobora kubaza muganga ibibazo nka bino bikurikira: 1. "Ese inenge y'umwana wanjye iri mu rwego roroheje cyangwa rukomeye?" 2. "Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bw'ubuvuzi cyangwa bwo kubaga bwiteganyijwe kuri we?" 3. "Ni ryari umwana wanjye azashobora kwituma mu buryo busanzwe nyuma y'ubu buvuzi?" 4. "Ni izihe ndyo cyangwa ibindi bitonderwa bikwiriye mu gihe cyo kumwitaho mu rugo?"

Hanyuma, ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Twese duhuriye ku ntego yo kurinda ubuzima bw'umwana wawe. Anorectal Malformation ishobora kumvikana nk'indwara ikomeye cyane igihe uyumvise bwa mbere, ariko hamwe n'ubufatanye bwiza hagati y'umuryango, abaganga b'inzobere, n'ibigo nka local family clinic / primary health center cyangwa se ibitaro byegereye umuryango, umwana wawe ashobora kuvurwa neza akagira ejo hazima heza kandi hemera. Murakoze cyane kandi twiteguye kubafasha igihe cyose!