Twese dukunda kurya imbuto, sibyo? Uretse imbuto nziza zo mu gihugu cyacu nka mango, imineke, papayi, na durian, imbuto zitandukanye hirya no hino ku isi nazo zifite akamaro gatangaje ku buzima. Hari igihe tutabizi, ariko izi mbuto ni nk'umuti duhabwa n'umwimerere. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku mbuto imwe idasanzwe kandi ifite intungamubiri. Iyi ni 'African Star Apple'. Izina rishobora kumvikana nk'iritangaje, ariko uzatungurwa no kumenya ibyiza byayo ku buzima.
Iyi pome y'inyenyeri ya Afurika ni iki?
Mu magambo make, iyi ni imbuto ikura mu bihugu bishyuha nka Nijeriya na Uganda muri Afurika. Izina ryayo rya siyansi ni `(Chrysophyllum albidum)`. Irakunzwe cyane n'abaturage bo muri ibyo bihugu nka jambu na sharlu mu gihugu cyacu. Uburyohe bw'iyi mbuto ni uruvange rw'ibiryoshye n'ibiryoshye. Bivugwa ko biryoha nka naminang mu gihugu cyacu. Imbuto z'umuhondo zeze z'ibi biti zigaragara kuva mu Kuboza kugeza muri Werurwe.
Ntabwo iribwa ari mbisi gusa, ahubwo ikoreshwa no mu gukora imitobe, jam, sirupe, n'ibinyobwa bitandukanye. Nanone, amavuta ava mu mbuto zayo akoreshwa mu buvuzi. Kubera ko irimo ingano nini y'ibinyabutabire karemano n'intungamubiri.
Ingano y'imirire y'imbuto z'amapera zo muri Afurika imeze ite?
Iyi mbuto ni isoko y'intungamubiri nyayo, yuzuyemo vitamine, imyunyungugu, fibre n'ibirwanya okisidanti. Tekereza ukuntu garama 100 z'iyi mbuto zingana.
| Intungamubiri | Ingano kuri 100g |
|---|---|
| Kalori | Hafi 120 |
| Poroteyine | Garama zigera kuri 4 |
| Ibinure | Garama zigera kuri 5.5 |
| Fibre | Garama zigera kuri 4.5 |
| Karubohidrati | Garama zigera kuri 9 |
| Vitamine C | Hafi miligarama 93 |
| Kalisiyumu | Miligarama zigera kuri 400 |
| Potasiyumu | Miligarama zigera kuri 700 |
| Fosifore | Miligarama zigera kuri 215 |
| Icyuma | Hafi miligarama 2.5 |
| Zinc | Hafi miligarama 8 |
Byongeye kandi, uru rubuto rufite kandi antioxydants zikomeye nka vitamine B1, B2, B3, B6, vitamine E, na flavonoids.
Ni izihe nyungu zitangaje z'iyi mbuto ku buzima?
Mu bihugu nka Nijeriya, iyi mbuto ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura mu rugo no mu buvuzi gakondo kubera imiterere yayo yihariye.
- Imiterere ya antioxydants: Muri make, antioxydants ni nk' 'isuku' isukura imibiri yacu. Hari uduce twangiza umubiri (Free Radicals) mu mubiri wacu twangiza uturemangingo, dukora nk'ingufu z'icyuma. Antioxydants ziri muri uru rubuto zangiza utwo duce twangiza umubiri kandi zikarinda ingingo zacu kwangirika.
- Imiterere irwanya ububyimbirwe:Kubyimba no kubyimba mu mubiri bidakenewe ni byo ntandaro y'indwara nyinshi nka diyabete, kanseri, n'indwara z'umutima. Ibinyabutabire nka `(Alkaloids)` na `(Flavonoids)` biboneka muri uru rubuto bifasha mu kugenzura izi ndwara zo kubyimba no kuturinda indwara z'igihe kirekire.
- Imiterere y’imiti irwanya mikorobe: Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri laboratwari bwagaragaje ko ikinyabutabire cy’imbuto z’uru rubuto gifite ubushobozi bwo kwica bagiteri n’ibihumyo. Ariko, hakenewe ubushakashatsi bw’inyongera kugira ngo hemezwe uburyo ibi bigira ingaruka ku bantu.
Kubera iyo miterere, pome y’inyenyeri yo muri Afurika si imbuto iryoshye gusa, ahubwo ni n’agaciro gakomeye ku buzima bwacu.
Noneho reka turebe uburyo iyi mbuto ifasha ubuzima bwacu mu buryo butandukanye.
1. Bifasha mu kubungabunga ubuzima bw'umutima
Antioxydants ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umutima wacu ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza. Iyi mbuto ikungahaye kuri antioxydants nka vitamine A, C, E na `(Flavonoids)`, birinda kwangirika kw'uturemangingo tw'umutima. Nanone, iyi mbuto ikungahaye kuri `(Potasiyumu)` kandi ifite `(Sodium) nkeya cyane. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku muntu ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso. Kuko, potasiyumu ifasha mu kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso. Kubwibyo, iyi ni ifunguro ryiza ku bantu bafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso . Ariko ibuka ko icy'ingenzi ari ugukurikiza amabwiriza atangwa na muganga wawe.
2. Bifasha mu kugenzura diyabete
Kugenzura indyo ni ingenzi cyane ku muntu urwaye diyabete. Iyi mbuto ikungahaye kuri fibre . Fibre igabanya umuvuduko w'isukari mu biribwa turya mu maraso. Kubwibyo, kwiyongera gutunguranye kw'isukari mu maraso kuragenzurwa. Nanone, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko iyi mbuto ishobora kugabanya imikorere ya enzymes yitwa `(alpha-amylase)` na `(alpha-glucosidase)`, zisenya karubohidrati zikongera urugero rw'isukari. Kubwibyo, ishobora gufatwa nk'inyongera nziza yo kongera mu ndyo kugira ngo igenzure diyabete . Ariko, ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga wawe no kugisha inama.
3. Bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara kanseri
Tuzi ko indyo irimo fibre nyinshi na antioxydants bifasha mu kurinda ubwoko bwinshi bwa kanseri, harimo na kanseri y'amara. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko fibre yihariye yitwa pectin na antioxydants nka beta-carotene iboneka muri uru rubuto bifasha mu gukumira gukura kw'uturemangingo twa kanseri.
4. Igabanya cholesterol mbi (LDL)
Iyo urugero rwa cholesterol mbi (LDL) mu maraso yacu rwiyongereye, rushobora kwirundanya mu mitsi y'amaraso ikayibuza. Ibi bishobora gutera indwara nk'iz'umutima na stroke. Ibinyabutabire biri muri uru rubuto byitwa Saponins bifata kuri iyi cholesterol mbi bikayibuza kwinjira mu maraso. Nanone, fibre na vitamine C bifasha kongera urugero rwa cholesterol nziza (HDL).
5. Bifasha mu kwirinda no kuvura impiswi
Ubusanzwe, iyi mbuto ikoreshwa mu kuvura impiswi mu bihugu bya Afurika. Ifite pectin nyinshi na fibre bifasha mu kugenga imikorere y'amara no gutuma imikorere y'amara ihora ikora neza.
6. Bishobora kunoza imikorere y'ubwonko no kwibuka
Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa ku nyamaswa bwagaragaje ko imbuto zituma ubwonko burushaho kwibuka no gukora neza mu mbeba. Byagaragaye ko imiterere y’uturemangingo two kurwanya ubushyuhe n’ubudahangarwa bw’imbuto igabanya ingaruka z’imiti imwe n’imwe yangiza ubwonko. Ariko, hakenewe ubushakashatsi bw’inyongera kugira ngo hemezwe niba ibi bigira ingaruka zimwe ku bantu.
7. Bifasha kugenzura ibiro by'umubiri no kwirinda umubyibuho ukabije
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi abaganga basaba umuntu ugerageza kugabanya ibiro ni indyo ikungahaye kuri fibre. Impamvu ni uko iyo uriye ibiryo bikungahaye kuri fibre, wumva uhaze igihe kirekire. Ibi bigabanya ingeso yo kurya kenshi no kurya bitari ngombwa. Pome zo muri Afurika zifite karori nke kandi zifite fibre nyinshi . Kubwibyo, iyi ni ifunguro ryiza ryo kugenzura ibiro no kwirinda umubyibuho ukabije.
Ibintu byo kwitabwaho by'umwihariko
Uko uru rubuto rwaba rwiza kose, kimwe n'ibindi byose, ni ngombwa kururya mu rugero . Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku nyamaswa bwagaragaje ko kuruha cyane bishobora kugira ingaruka ku burumbuke bw'imbeba z'ingabo. Ariko, ntibiramenyekana niba ibi bigira ingaruka ku bantu. Rero, nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa nacyo, ariko nk'ibindi byose, ni byiza kururya mu rugero.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Pome y’inyenyeri zo muri Afurika ni imbuto z’intungamubiri zirimo vitamine, imyunyungugu, fibre, na antioxydants.
- Imiterere yayo ikungahaye kuri fibre na antioxydants ishobora gufasha mu buzima bw'umutima, kugenzura isukari mu maraso, kugabanya cholesterol, no kugabanya ibiro.
- Iyi si 'indyo y'igitangaza' ku ndwara iyo ari yo yose. Igomba gushyirwa mu ndyo yuzuye.
- Niba ufite indwara nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, kurikiza inama za muganga wawe . Niba hari impinduka mu mirire yawe, vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibyo.
- Kimwe n'ibiryo byose, jya urya iyi mbuto mu rugero kandi mu rugero.
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.