Ese wagize ubwoba gato ubwo wabonaga ikintu gitandukanye muri raporo y'amaraso yawe maze muganga akakubwira ati "Reka turebe umwotsi w'amagufwa?" Ni ibisanzwe cyane ko ibibazo nka "Oh, ushaka kuvuga umwotsi w'amagufwa? Ese bizakubabaza cyane? Kuki ibi bikorwa?" biza mu mutwe wawe. Ariko ntugire ubwoba na gato. Uyu munsi, tuzaganira kuri iki kizamini cyitwa Bone Marrow Aspiration mu buryo bworoshye cyane buzasubiza ibibazo byose ufite mu mutwe.
Mu magambo make, uburyo bwo guhumeka mu magufwa (Bone Marrow Aspiration) ni iki?
Biroroshye cyane. Mu magufwa yawe, cyangwa hagati mu magufwa yawe manini, hari urugingo rworoshye kandi rumeze nk'ikinyabutabire n'amazi. Ibi tubyita umwongo w'amagufwa . Uturemangingo twose umubiri wawe ukeneye, uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo tw'umweru tw'amaraso, na plaquettes, bikorerwa muri uyu mwongo w'amagufwa. Rero bimeze nk'uruganda rw'amaraso.
Uburyo bwo guhumeka amagufwa mu magufwa ni uburyo inzobere mu by’amaraso (akenshi ni inzobere mu by’amaraso cyangwa kanseri) ikoresha urushinge ruto kandi rufite ububobere kugira ngo ikuremo agace gato k’amazi mu magufwa yawe. Hanyuma iki gipimo gisuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi muri laboratwari kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ikibazo.
Iki si igikorwa gikomeye cyane. Ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyo gusuzuma indwara kugira ngo umenye neza icyateye ikibazo mu maraso yawe.
Kuki muganga agusaba gukora iki kizamini?
Ubusanzwe, iyo habayeho impinduka zidasobanutse mu bisubizo by'amaraso yawe (nk'umubare w'amaraso yose), iki kizamini gikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza icyabiteye. Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora kuba zihari.
| Impamvu z'ingenzi zo koherezwa gupimwa | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Niba ukeka ko hari kanseri y'amaraso | Iki kizamini ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara nka leukemia, lymphoma, cyangwa myeloma. |
| Menya izindi ndwara z'amaraso | Shaka impamvu itera indwara nko kubura amaraso mu mubiri bitazwi, kwiyongera k'umusemburo wa feri mu mubiri, hamwe n'umubare udasanzwe w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera cyangwa platelets. |
| Indwara zitaramenyekana | Hari igihe iki kizamini gifasha kumenya icyateye umuriro cyangwa ubwandu mu mubiri igihe kirekire. |
| Pima uko ubuvuzi buhagaze | Iyo umuntu asanzwe avurwa kanseri y'amaraso, iki kizamini nacyo gikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba ubuvuzi bwagenze neza. |
Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo gukora ikizamini?
Ibi ntibisaba kwitegura cyane, ariko ni ngombwa kumenya ibintu bike.
- Vugana na muganga wawe neza: Bwira muganga wawe imiti yose ufata (harimo na vitamine n'imiti y'ibimera). Ushobora gusabwa guhagarika gufata imiti imwe n'imwe, nko kugabanya amaraso, iminsi mike mbere yo gupimwa.
- Niba ufite ubwoba, ntugatinye kubivuga: Abantu benshi bumva bafite ubwoba cyangwa bahangayikishijwe n'iki kizamini. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Niba ubyumva utyo, bwira muganga wawe. Bashobora kuguha imiti yo kugutuza no gutuma wumva utuje.
- Uzazane n'umuntu: Niba uhawe umuti wo kuruhuka, ntibyemewe gutwara imodoka nyuma yo gupimwa. Rero ni byiza kuzana umuntu wo kugutwara mu rugo.
Ni iki mu by'ukuri kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?
Igikorwa cyose kimara iminota 30-45 gusa. Ushobora gutaha uwo munsi. Reka turebe intambwe ku yindi uko bigenda.
| Intambwe | Ni iki kiri kuba? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kwitegura | Umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe n'imitsi yawe bizapimwa. Uzashyirwa ahantu heza ku meza yo gupimisha, haba ku nda yawe cyangwa ku rubavu rwawe. |
| 2. Kutabasha kugira icyo ukora | Ubusanzwe iki gipimo gifatwa inyuma y'igufwa ry'ikibuno. Kubwibyo, uruhu ruri muri ako gace rurasukurwa neza hanyuma hagaterwa umuti ugabanya ububabare mu gace kugira ngo ushire ibisebe. Muri iki gihe, ushobora kumva ushyushye gato, nk'aho ikinyoni kirimo kuruma igitsina cyawe. |
| 3. Gushyiramo urushinge | Nyuma yo gusigwa ikinya, muganga atema gato ku ruhu maze agashyira urushinge rwihariye mu igufwa ryo mu kibuno. Ntabwo uzabyumva kuko byacitse intege. |
| 4. Gufata icyitegererezo | Hanyuma, syringe ifatwa ku rushinge hanyuma amazi make akavanwa mu musemburo w'amagufwa. Muri iki gihe, ushobora kumva ububabare bukurura cyangwa ukubita mu kibuno no ku kaguru mu masegonda make. Abantu benshi bavuga ko iki ari cyo gice cy'ikizamini kibabaza cyane. Ariko kimara igihe gito gusa. |
| 5. Kurangiza | Nyuma yo gufata icyitegererezo, urushinge rurakurwaho hanyuma agace gapfukwa na plaster cyangwa igitambaro. Nguko uko byagenda kose. |
Ni iki nkwiye kumenya nyuma yo gupimwa?
Nyuma yo gupimwa, ushobora kuruhuka gato ugataha. Ibi bintu ubizirikane.
- Komeza ahantu hapfundikiwe isuku kandi humuke byibuze amasaha 24. Ntukanyweshe ahantu hapfundikiwe iyo woga. Itsinda ry'abaganga rizakugira inama yo gukuraho igipfundikizo.
- Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ibisebe n'ububabare mu minsi mike aho urushinge rwashyizwe. Ushobora kumva ububabare buto iyo ugonze cyangwa ugendagenda.
- Muri ako gace hashobora kuba hari agasebe gato ku ruhu. Ibi bizakira ubwabyo mu cyumweru kimwe.
Ese hari ingaruka mbi zihari muri ibi?
Uburyo bwo guhumeka mu maraso ni uburyo bwizewe cyane . Ariko, kimwe n'ubundi buryo bwose bwo kwa muganga, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho gake cyane. Muri zo harimo:
- Uburyo bwo kugira ubwivumbure ku muti utera ibisebe.
- Kuva amaraso.
- Kwandura indwara.
Ibi ni gake cyane. Ariko, niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, ugomba guhita uhamagara muganga wawe.
| Igihe cyo gushaka inama z'abaganga byihutirwa | |
|---|---|
| Umuriro | Iyo ubushyuhe bw'umubiri buzamutse, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ubwandu. |
| Hari ikintu kiri kuva aho umuntu yapfumuwe | Iyo hari amazi asa n'ibibyimba byera cyangwa umuhondo asohoka. |
| Kuva amaraso menshi | Iyo igitambaro cyatose kandi gikomeje kuva amaraso. |
| Kubyimba no gushyuha | Iyo aho yatobowe hameze nk'aho habyimbye kandi hashyushye kurusha ahandi iyo hakozweho. |
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yo gusuzumwa no gupimwa hakoreshejwe biopsy?
Ushobora kuba warumvise ibyerekeye "Bone Marrow Biopsy." Byombi ni uburyo bwo gusuzuma umwongo w'amagufwa. Itandukaniro riragoye cyane.
- Guhumeka: Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho igice cy'amazi cy'umusokoro w'amagufwa.
- Gupima indwara: Ibi bikubiyemo gufata igice cy'umubiri munini kandi umeze nk'ikinyabutabire uboneka mu musokoro w'amagufwa.
Akenshi, abaganga bakora ibi bizamini byombi icyarimwe kuko muri ubwo buryo bashobora kubona ishusho yuzuye y’indwara.
Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo raporo igere?
Nyuma yo gufata icyitegererezo, cyoherezwa mu bipimo bitandukanye. Kubwibyo, bishobora gufata iminsi mike kugeza ku byumweru bike kugira ngo raporo igere. Biterwa nubwoko bw'ibizamini muganga asaba. Urugero:
- Ingano ya Sitometrike y'Iterambere
- AMAFI (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridation)
- Ikizamini cya Karyotype
- Gukurikirana ibisekuruza bikurikira
Ntugatinye aya mazina. Aya ni amayeri agezweho akoreshwa mu kwiga birambuye impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zawe, imiterere y'uturemangingo twa kanseri, n'ibindi. Raporo nimara gusohoka, muganga wawe azagusobanurira neza icyo ivuga, icyo isobanura , n'icyo ugomba gukora nyuma yaho.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gukoresha umusemburo w'amagufwa mu bwonko si ukubaga gukomeye ugomba gutinya. Ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyane kandi cyizewe kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu nyayo y'ibibazo by'amaraso.
- Ububabare n'ingorane wumva mu gihe cyo gupimwa ni iby'igihe gito. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazagufasha kubikemura.
- Ni uburenganzira bwawe kuganira ku mugaragaro ku bwoba cyangwa impungenge ufite na muganga wawe.
- Ibisubizo by'iki kizamini ni intambwe ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi mu gusuzuma indwara neza no gutangiza uburyo bwiza bwo kuyivura. Rero reba ibi mu buryo bwiza.
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