Nawe ushobora kurokora ubuzima! Reka twige ku gutanga umusatsi w'amagufwa.

Ese wigeze utekereza ko impano imwe utanga ishobora kurokora ubuzima bw'undi muntu burundu? Yego, ni ukuri. Impano y'agaciro kurusha izindi ushobora guha umuntu urwaye kanseri y'amaraso ikomeye nka leukemia, cyangwa indi ndwara ikomeye y'amaraso, ni ugutanga umworo w'amagufwa. Kumva iri zina bishobora kumvikana nk'aho biteye ubwoba gato, ariko ntabwo bigoye cyangwa ngo bibabaza nkuko ubitekereza. Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri ibi mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora kumva.

Gutanga umwongo w'amagufwa ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, gutanga umwobo w'amagufwa ni ugufata igice cy'umusobo w'amagufwa y'umuntu muzima ukagiha umurwayi ufite umusobo w'amagufwa urimo kwangirika. Mu magufwa manini mu mubiri wacu (nk'igufwa ryo mu kibuno), hari uturemangingo tworoshye kandi dufite umusemburo. Tuwita umwobo w'amagufwa . Uru ni uruganda rukora amaraso mu mubiri wacu. Uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera, na plaquettes byose bikozwe mu bwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo turi muri uyu musobo w'amagufwa. Tuwita uturemangingo tw'inyuma .

Bityo rero, gutanga umwobo w'amagufwa bivuze gufata agace gato k'umuyobo w'amagufwa karimo utwo turemangingo tw'agaciro mu igufwa ry'umutanga hakoreshejwe urushinge rwihariye. Ubu buryo bukorwa hakoreshejwe ikinya rusange, kugira ngo utanga umwobo ntagire ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose.

Kuki hari abantu bakeneye guterwa umwongo w'amagufwa?

Hari abantu, bitewe n'indwara bavukanye cyangwa indwara bavukanye, badashobora gukora amaraso neza mu musokoro wabo. Cyangwa, bagatangira gukora uturemangingo tudasanzwe, nk'uturemangingo twa kanseri.

Gutera umwongo w'amagufwa bishobora kuba ngombwa cyane cyane mu ndwara zikurikira:

• Kanseri z'amaraso: Kanseri nka leukemia na lymphoma.
• Indwara zo kunanirwa kw'umusemburo w'amagufwa: Urugero, mu ndwara yitwa aplastic anemia, umusemburo w'amagufwa uhagarika gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso.
• Zimwe mu ndwara z’uruhererekane nka thalassemia: Muri izo ndwara, gutera umworo w’amagufwa rimwe na rimwe ni wo muti wonyine.

Iyo umwongo w'igufwa ry'umurwayi urwaye wangiritse burundu (binyuze mu miti ivura indwara cyangwa imirasire) ugasimburwa n'umwongo w'igufwa uturutse ku muntu muzima, uwo mwongo mushya w'igufwa uhita utura mu mubiri w'umurwayi ugatangira gukora amaraso meza.

Ni gute wabona uwo muhuje neza?

Iki ni cyo gice kigoye cyane muri iki gikorwa. Si umuntu uwo ari we wese ushobora guha undi muntu umwongo w'amagufwa. Ubwoko bw'ingingo z'utanga n'uhabwa zigomba kuba zihuye neza . Ibi tubitaBitwa guhuza HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigens).

Mu magambo make, HLA ni urutonde rw'ibimenyetso bya poroteyine biri ku buso bwa buri turemangingo mu mubiri wacu bidufasha kumenya ko "iki ari igice cy'umubiri wanjye." Iyo ibi bimenyetso bidahuye neza, umubiri w'umurwayi ushobora kumenya ko umwongo mushya watanzwe ari "umunyamahanga" maze ukabyanga.

• Guhuza neza: Ubu buryo bwo guhuza bwa HLA bukunze kuba hagati y’umuvandimwe wawe cyangwa mushiki wawe (hafi 25%).
• Hanze y'umuryango: Abantu bagera kuri 70% ntibashobora kubona umuterankunga ujyanye mu muryango wabo. Muri ibyo bihe, ni ngombwa gushaka umuterankunga uhuye binyuze mu bitabo mpuzamahanga by'abaterankunga.

Ese ubwoko bufite icyo buvuze iyo utanze umworo w'amagufwa?

Yego. Ibi bimenyetso bya HLA bifitanye isano rikomeye n'ubwoko n'uturemangingo. Ibi bivuze ko amahirwe yo kubona umuterankunga uhuye n'umuntu wo muri Aziya ari menshi cyane mu Banyaziya kurusha mu Banyaburayi. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa cyane kuba abaterankunga b'amoko yose biyandikishije.

Ese nanjye nshobora kuba umuntu utanga umusanzu? Ni iki ngomba gukora kugira ngo mbikore?

Kuba umuntu utanga umworo w'amagufwa ni ikintu cyiza cyo gukora kugira ngo urokore ubuzima. Muri Sri Lanka, ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora ni ukubona umuterankunga ukwiye wo mu muryango w'umurwayi. Iyo nta muntu wo mu muryango uhari, abaganga bagerageza gushaka umuntu binyuze mu bitabo mpuzamahanga by'abaterankunga.

Niba ushishikajwe no kuba umuterankunga, hari gahunda zo kwiyandikisha zikora ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Muri rusange inzira ikurikira:

1. Kwiyandikisha: Umaze kwiyandikisha binyuze mu kigo kibishinzwe, bazagufata icyitegererezo cy'uturemangingo imbere mu kanwa (mu itama) bakoresheje agapfukamunwa.

2. Ibimenyetso by'ubwoko bwa HLA: Bagerageza icyitegererezo, bakamenya ubwoko bwa HLA yawe, hanyuma bakayishyira mu bubiko bwabo bw'amakuru.

3. Gushaka umuti uhuye: Niba ubwoko bwa HLA bwawe buhuye n'umurwayi aho ari ho hose ku isi, bazaguhamagara.

4. Kwemeza: Hanyuma, hakorwa ibizamini byinshi by'amaraso kugira ngo hemezwe ko bihuye 100%.

5. Impano: Niba byose bimeze neza, uzagezwa ku gikorwa cyo gutanga impano ubyemeye.

Ni izihe mpamvu zishobora gutuma umuntu atabasha gutanga umworo w'amagufwa?

Si buri wese ushobora gutanga umwongo w'amagufwa. Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zituma udashobora kuba uwitanga. Zimwe muri izi mpamvu ziragaragara mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.

Uru rutonde ntabwo rurambuye. Niba ushishikajwe no kuba umuterankunga, ni byiza kuganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe kugira ngo akugire inama.

Uburyo bwo gutanga impano bugenda bute?

Umaze kwemererwa nk'umuterankunga, ubuzima bwawe bwose buzasuzumwa mbere yo gutanga. Hazakorwa ibizamini byinshi, nko gupima amaraso, ECG, na X-ray yo mu gituza.

Ibi ni byo bibaho ku munsi wo gutanga:

1. Anesthesia: Ujyanwa mu cyumba cyo kubagwa ugashyirwamo anesthesia rusange, bityo ntugire icyo wumva.

2. Gukoresha umwobo w'amagufwa: Mu gihe uryamye ugaramye, abaganga bashyira urushinge rwihariye mu ruhu ruri inyuma y'ikibuno cyawe, hanyuma bakarukuramo amazi y'umuyobo w'amagufwa bakarushyira muri syringe. Ushobora gukenera gushyiramo urushinge inshuro nyinshi kugira ngo ubone ingano ukeneye.

3. Ingano: Ubusanzwe mililitiro 500 - 1000 z'amazi zirakurwaho. Nubwo ibi bishobora kumvikana nk'ingano nini, ni munsi ya 10% by'umusemburo wose w'amagufwa mu mubiri wawe.

4. Igihe:Igikorwa cyose kimara isaha imwe.

Bigenda bite nyuma yo gukura iryinyo? Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo rikire?

Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzajyanwa mu cyumba cyo gukira. Numara kugarura ubwenge, ushobora gutaha mu masaha make. Ariko, ntuzashobora gutwara imodoka uwo munsi.

Nyuma yo gutanga impano, ushobora kwitega ibi bikurikira:

• Kubabara umugongo n'ikibuno: Hashobora kubaho ububabare n'ibisebe aho umuntu atewe inshinge mu minsi mike. Ibi bishobora kuvurwa n'imiti igabanya ububabare itangwa na muganga (nka Paracetamol).
• Umunaniro: Ushobora kumva unaniwe gato mu minsi mike.
• Gukira: Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu mirimo yabo isanzwe mu minsi ibiri cyangwa itatu. Umubiri wawe uzongera kongera kubaka ingano y'umusemburo w'amagufwa wakuweho mu byumweru bike. Hari igihe abaganga bashobora kukugira inama yo gufata inyunganiramirire y'icyuma mu gihe runaka.

Inyungu ikomeye y'ibi ni uko impano yawe iha undi muntu amahirwe ya kabiri yo kubaho. Ibyo ni ibyiyumvo by'agaciro ntagereranywa.

Gutanga umwobo w'amagufwa, Uturemangingo tw'umugongo, Guhuza HLA, Leukemia, Kanseri, Dukize ubuzima