Dutekereza ko ari ibisanzwe ko umuntu mukuru mu rugo rwacu, nka mama, papa, nyirakuru, cyangwa nyirasenge, yibagirwa ibintu uko agenda akura. Akenshi twumva ibintu nk'ibi ngo "Nashyize indorerwamo he?" "Kuki naje muri iki cyumba?" Ariko se wigeze wumva ko ibi byibagirwe ari ibintu bikomeye kurushaho? Ese wumva kwibuka kwawe kwarushijeho kuba kubi muri uyu mwaka kurusha umwaka ushize, cyangwa hari inshuti yagutangarije ibi? Iki si ikintu twagombye gufata nk'aho ari gito. Ubushakashatsi bushya bw'abaganga bwerekana ko impinduka zikomeye mu kwibuka nk'ibi zishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'umuburo w'indwara ya Alzheimer.
Ni iki ubushakashatsi bushya bwagaragaje?
Ubu bushakashatsi, buherutse gusohoka mu kinyamakuru cy’ubuvuzi cya Neurology, bwakorewe ku bantu 675 bafite imyaka 72 y’amavuko. Nubwo aba bantu bagaragaye ko bashobora kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer, nta n’umwe muri bo wari ufite ibibazo bikomeye mu bumenyi bwe bwo gutekereza ubwo ubushakashatsi bwatangiraga.
Icyo ubu bushakashatsi bwakoze cyari cyoroshye cyane. Aba bantu 675 n'inshuti zabo za hafi (ashobora kuba umukunzi wabo, umuvandimwe wabo, cyangwa inshuti magara) babajijwe ku mpinduka mu kwibuka kwabo binyuze mu ibazwa ry'ibibazo. Muri icyo gihe, bose bakorewe isuzuma ryihariye ry'ubwonko.
Ibisubizo biratangaje cyane. Abantu bavuze ko bo cyangwa umuntu wabo wa hafi "bafite kwibuka guke cyane muri uyu mwaka ugereranije n'umwaka ushize" babonye impinduka za mbere mu bwonko bwabo zifitanye isano n'indwara ya Alzheimer. Ubutumwa buva muri ibi ni uko niba umuntu ukuze yinubira kwibuka kwe cyangwa umuryango we uhangayikishijwe na byo, si byiza kubirengagiza gusa ngo "ni ukubera ko arimo gusaza."
Ni izihe mpinduka mu kwibuka wagakwiye guhangayikishwa nazo?
Ushobora kuba wibaza ubwoko bw'ubwibagirwe twagombye kugiraho impungenge. Hari ibintu bike byibanzeho by'umwihariko mu bushakashatsi. Reba niba ibi ari ibintu bisanzwe ku bantu bakuru mu rugo rwawe.
| Icyapa cyo kwitaho | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Kugabanuka gukomeye mu kwibuka | Ese wowe cyangwa abandi bumva ko kwibuka kwawe guke cyane muri uyu mwaka kurusha uko byari bimeze umwaka ushize? |
| Kwibagirwa aho ibintu biri | Ese ukunze kwibagirwa aho ubika imfunguzo zawe, indorerwamo cyangwa isakoshi yawe? Ese ibi bikunze kugaragara kurusha mbere? |
| Kwishingikiriza ku nyandiko zanditse | Ese wishingikiriza cyane ku bintu nko gukora urutonde rw'ibyo ugomba guhaha cyangwa kugira urutonde rw'ibyo ugomba gukora? |
Ibisubizo by’ibizamini by’imikorere y’ubwenge byakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi byahuye n’ibyo aba bantu bivugiyeho, bivuze ko ibyiyumvo byabo byo “Sinibuka” byari bifite ishingiro.
Impinduka mu bwonko n'indwara ya Alzheimer
Indwara ya Alzheimer ni indwara aho uturemangingo tw’ubwonko ducika buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibimenyetso bikarushaho gukomera. Iterwa ahanini n’ubwoko bubiri bwa poroteyine zidasanzwe zikusanyiriza mu bwonko. Abashakashatsi bakoresheje uburyo bwihariye bwo gupima `PET` scan (positron emission tomography) kugira ngo barebe niba izi poroteyine zashyizwe mu bwonko.
1. Plaque ya Amyloid: Ibi bimeze nk' "inkovu" zihurira hagati y'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko. Iyo zihurira, zibangamira urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru hagati y'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko.
2. Tau Tangles: Tau ni indi poroteyine iboneka mu turemangingo tw’ubwonko. Mu ndwara ya Alzheimer, izi poroteyine zihurira hamwe nk’umupira w’umugozi, zigakora "tangles". Ibi bituma uturemangingo dupfa tutabonye intungamubiri dukeneye.
Ariko ni ngombwa kwibuka ibi. Kuba umuntu afite izi poroteyine mu bwonko bwe ntibivuze ko arwaye indwara ya Alzheimer. Nanone, si buri wese ufite izi mpinduka uzarwara iyi ndwara. Izi ni ibintu bishobora gutera iyi ndwara gusa.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje neza kurusha mbere hose ko abantu binubira kubura kwibuka baba bafite amahirwe menshi yo kugira iyi mikorere ya poroteyine ya 'tau' mu bwonko bwabo.
None se, kuki tugomba kubitekerezaho cyane?
Nk’uko bivugwa na Dr. Rebecca Amariglio, umwe mu bayoboye ubu bushakashatsi, aya makuru ni ingenzi cyane kuri twe. Agira ati:
"Ubu tuzi ko indwara ya Alzheimer itangira guteza impinduka mu bwonko kera cyane mbere yuko umuganga amenya ibimenyetso. Ubu hari ibimenyetso byinshi bigaragaza ko ku nshuro ya mbere umuntu abonye izi mpinduka mu kwibuka, haba kuri we ubwe cyangwa mu muryango we, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko iyi ndwara itangiye."
Mu magambo make, icyo gitekerezo cyo "kwibagirwa ibintu cyane muri iyi minsi" wowe cyangwa umuntu wawe wa hafi ni ikimenyetso cy'ingirakamaro cyane cy'ubuvuzi . Ntukirengagize. Bishobora kuba umuburo wa mbere w'umubiri wawe. Niba umeze utyo, ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukudatinya, ahubwo ni ukuganira na muganga wawe kuri ibyo.
Abashakashatsi banavuga ko abenshi mu bitabiriye ubu bushakashatsi bari abazungu kandi barize cyane, bigaragaza ko hakenewe ubundi bushakashatsi mu bihugu bifite abaturage batandukanye, nka Sri Lanka.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Niba wowe, uwo ukunda, cyangwa undi muntu wo mu muryango wawe mubonye ko kwibuka kwabo kwatangiye kugabanuka cyane vuba aha, cyane cyane mu mwaka ushize, ntukabirengagize.
- Ibintu nko kwibagirwa kenshi aho ibintu biri no kwishingikiriza cyane ku nyandiko zanditse kugira ngo ukore ibintu bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya mbere by'indwara ya Alzheimer.
- Uku gutakaza kwibuka bishobora kuba bifitanye isano na poroteyine zitwa amyloid plaques na tau tangles zirundanya mu bwonko.
- Niba ufite impungenge ku kwibuka kwawe cyangwa kwibuka uwo ukunda, ntugatinye cyangwa ngo ugire ubwoba, ahubwo reba muganga w'umuryango wawe (umuganga) maze ubiganireho.
- Kumenya indwara hakiri kare bizagufasha cyane mu kuyitaho neza mu gihe kizaza.
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