Ese muganga yakubwiye gushyiramo 'umurongo wo hagati'? (Catheter yo hagati y'imitsi) Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye.

Iyo umuganga akubwiye ko ugomba gushyiramo 'umurongo wo hagati', ushobora kugira ubwoba gato. Iyo twumvise ijambo 'umurongo', dutekereza kuri kanula iguha saline isanzwe. Ariko iki ni ikintu gitandukanye gato, ikintu kidasanzwe. Ariko nta mpamvu yo gutinya. Mu by'ukuri iguha uburyo bworoshye bwo koroshya. Uyu munsi, reka turebe neza icyo umurongo wo hagati, cyangwa CVC, ari cyo.

Mu magambo make, umurongo wo hagati (CVC) ni iki?

Umurongo wo hagati, cyangwa Catheter yo mu mitsi yo hagati (CVC), ni igikoresho cyihariye gifasha kuvura indwara zitandukanye. Gikozwe mu muyoboro muto cyane, woroshye kandi muremure. Uyu muyoboro ushyirwa mu muyoboro uri mu mubiri wawe. Hanyuma umuyoboro unyura mu muyoboro kugeza aho impera imwe iri mu muyoboro mukuru w'amaraso (vena cava) ujyana amaraso mu mutima wawe.

Indi mpera y'uyu muyoboro ishobora kuba isohoka mu ruhu rwawe, akenshi ku ruhande rw'iburyo rw'igituza cyawe. Igice gisohoka mu ruhu rwawe cyitwa 'hub'. Ibi nibyo ushobora kubona no kumva. Hari igihe indi mpera iba munsi y'uruhu rwawe. Ibi byitwa 'port'. Hanyuma ushobora kubyumva nk'akantu gato kari munsi y'uruhu rwawe, ariko ntibigaragara cyane. Iyi 'hub' cyangwa 'port' ikoreshwa mu bintu nko kuguha imiti no gufata amaraso.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya cannula isanzwe (Peripheral IV) n'umurongo wo hagati?

Twese tuzi ko cannula isanzwe (`(Peripheral IV)`) n'uyu murongo wo hagati bikoreshwa mu kuvura. Ariko hari itandukaniro ritatu rikomeye hagati y'ibyo byombi. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

Ni nde ukeneye umurongo wo hagati?

Ibi bifasha abantu bafite indwara zitandukanye. Urugero:

• Kubona imiti ivura kanseri igihe kirekire.
• Ku bantu bakorerwa isuku y'amaraso (`(Hemodialysis)`) bitewe n'ibibazo by'impyiko.
• Ku bakeneye gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imitsi mu mitsi igihe kirekire.
• Ku bakeneye gupimwa amaraso kenshi.
• Mu gihe habaye ikibazo cyihutirwa (hypovolemic shock), tanga saline cyangwa amaraso ako kanya.
• Kwakira impano z'amaraso cyangwa plaquettes.
• Iyo inzira y'igogora idakora neza, tanga imirire inyuze mu mutsi.
• Ku bakeneye ubushobozi bwo guhabwa imiti yo mu mitsi mu rugo.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imirongo yo hagati iriho?

Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo ubwoko bukubereye bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye n'igihe wifuza kuvurwa. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi.

• CVC idafunze: Iyi irakwiriye gukoreshwa mu gihe gito (mu gihe kitarenze ibyumweru bibiri). Ishyirwa mu mitsi, nko mu ijosi cyangwa mu gituza.
• Umurongo wa PICC (Peripherally Insert Central Catheter): Iyi ikunze gukoreshwa mu gihe gito. Ariko, ishyirwamo idanyuze mu ijosi cyangwa mu gituza, ahubwo inyura mu kuboko ko hejuru. Kuva aho, umuyoboro ushyirwamo hanyuma ugashyirwa ku mutsi munini uri hafi y'umutima.
• CVC ifunguye mu muyoboro: Iyi irakwiriye gukoreshwa igihe kirekire (ibyumweru birenga bibiri). Aha, hari intera nto hagati y'aho umuyoboro winjizwa mu mitsi n'aho usohoka mu ruhu. Muri icyo gihe, umuyoboro uba uri munsi y'uruhu .Igenda nk'umuyoboro w'amazi. Ibi bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura. Broviac®, Hickman® ni ubwoko buzwi cyane bw'ubu bwoko.
• Uduce two munsi y'uruhu (dushyizwemo): Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gukoresha igihe kirekire kirenze amezi atatu . Aha, nta gice cy'umuyoboro kigaragara binyuze mu ruhu. Igikoresho cyose gishyirwa munsi y'uruhu binyuze mu gukata gato. Iyo hakenewe imiti, urushinge rwihariye rushyirwa mu 'duce' munsi y'uruhu hanyuma umuti ugatangwa. Ibi kandi byitwa "Port-a-Cath".

Ni iyihe nzira yo kuyishyiramo?

Iki si igikorwa gikomeye, bityo ntugire ubwoba. Gikorwa n'umuganga wahawe amahugurwa yihariye kuri iki gikorwa.

1. Ubwa mbere, sukura neza uruhu aho umurongo uzashyirwa.

2. Hanyuma, ahantu hazaba hameze nk'ibinya ku buryo utakumva ububabare. Nibiba ngombwa, ushobora guhabwa umuti woroshye wo kugabanya ububabare kugira ngo utuze.

3. Hanyuma, muganga akoresha urushinge kugira ngo yinjire mu mutsi uvugwa. Imashini ya ultrasound ishobora kandi gukoreshwa kugira ngo imenye neza umutsi.

4. Insinga nziza cyane (`(umuyoboro w'inyabutabire)`) inyuzwa mu rushinge ikajya mu mutsi.

5. Hanyuma, urushinge rurakurwaho, agakoresho gato (dilator) gashyirwamo kugira ngo habeho umwanya wo gushyiramo umurongo, maze umuyoboro wo hagati unyuzwa buhoro buhoro hejuru y'insinga ukajya mu muyoboro w'amaraso.

6. Iyo agasongero k'umuyoboro kageze mu mwanya ukwiye hafi y'umutima, insinga irakurwaho.

7. Amaherezo, igice cy’umurongo cyagaragaye gihambirwa n’umudozi muto cyangwa plaster yihariye kugira ngo kidakwirakwira ku ruhu, hanyuma hagashyirwaho igitambaro kugira ngo gikomeze gusukurwa.

Iyo hashyizweho CVC cyangwa umuyoboro w’amazi uri mu nzira y’amazi, uretse izi ntambwe z’ibanze, hagomba gukorwa icyuho gito kugira ngo umuyoboro unyure munsi y’uruhu cyangwa ushyiremo umuyoboro.

Ni izihe ngorane (ingaruka) zishobora kubaho?

Nkuko bigenda ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, hari ingaruka ntoya. Impamvu nyamukuru ni ibyago byo kwandura . Ibi bishobora gutuma mikorobe zinjira mu maraso zinyuze mu murongo (akaba ari indwara iterwa na Catheter - CBRSI). Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kubungabunga ahantu umurongo washyizwemo usukuye cyane.

Byongeye kandi, ni gake cyane, kuva amaraso, kwangirika kw'ibihaha (pneumothorax), cyangwa kubyimba kw'amaraso (thrombosis) bishobora kubaho. Ariko abaganga bafata ingamba zose zo kwirinda ibi.

Ni ryari ugomba kubonana na muganga vuba bishoboka?

Niba ufite umurongo wo hagati, ugomba kwitondera cyane ibimenyetso by'ubwandu. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, ugomba guhita uhamagara muganga wawe .

• Niba urwaye umuriro .
• Iyo hari ububabare, gutukura, cyangwa kubyimba aho umurongo washyizwe.
• Niba uruhu ruri muri ako gace rwumva rushyushye iyo ubikozeho.
• Iyo amazi asa n'umuhondo cyangwa icyatsi kibisi asohotse mu murongo.
• Niba igice cy'umurongo cyagaragaye gisa n'aho kirekire kurusha mbere (gishobora kuba gisohoka imbere).

Nubona ikintu nk'iki, bwira muganga wawe vuba. Niba ari ikibazo cyihutirwa, jya mu Kigo cyita ku Buvuzi bw'Ingoboka (ETU) cy'ibitaro biri hafi yawe.