Kwandura indwara zikomeye zikunze kugaragara: Ese twagombye kumenya iyi ndwara idasanzwe (Indwara ya Granulomatous idakira - CGD)?

Ese umwana wawe ahora arwara? Iyo indwara imwe irushijeho koroherwa, indi iraza. Ese hari igihe arwara indwara zikomeye mu ruhu, mu bihaha, cyangwa no mu mubiri? Ababyeyi benshi bahangayikishijwe n'ibibazo nk'ibyo. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara idakunze kugaragara ariko ikomeye ishobora gutera indwara nk'izo. Iyi ndwara twita indwara idakira ya Granulomatous, cyangwa CGD mu magambo ahinnye mu baganga.

Mu magambo make, CGD ni iki?

Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe, reka tubanze tuvuge gato ku bijyanye n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wacu. Tekereza ko umubiri wacu umeze nk'igihugu. Ufite ingabo zishobora kuwurinda abanzi b'amahanga (imikorobe). Ubwo ni bwo budahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri . Igice cyihariye cy'iyi ngabo cyitwa uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera .

Dore uko bigenda ku muntu urwaye CGD. Hari itsinda ryihariye ry’uturemangingo tw’amaraso tw’umweru twitwa abasirikare, urugero nka (neutrophils), (monocytes), (macrophages) na (eosinophils). Akazi k’ingenzi k’utu turemangingo ni ugushaka ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa bagiteri n’ibihumyo byinjira mu mubiri, bikabifata, hanyuma bikabica.

Ariko ku muntu urwaye CGD, aba basirikare badasanzwe, cyangwa selile z'amaraso zera, ntibashobora gukoresha intwaro zabo neza. Ntibashobora gukora enzyme yihariye bakeneye kugira ngo bice izo mikorobe. Ni nko kugira imbunda ariko nta masasu. None se bigenda bite? Ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri buraremerewe, ntibushobora kurwanya bagiteri zimwe na zimwe n'ibihumyo byinjira mu mubiri.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, abantu barwaye indwara ya CGD barwara indwara ziterwa na bagiteri n’ibihumyo kenshi, rimwe na rimwe zikaba zikomeye. Bashobora kandi kugira ububyimbirwe budakira mu mubiri.

Izi ndwara zikunze kugaragara mu ruhu, mu bihaha, mu mitsi no mu mwijima . Zikunze kandi gutera ibibyimba , ari byo bibyimba byuzuyemo amashyira mu ngingo z'umubiri.

Iyi si indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane. Hafi umuntu umwe kuri miliyoni ebyiri n'igice ku isi arwara iyi ndwara. Nanone, byagaragaye ko abahungu ari bo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kuyirwara .

Ni ibihe bimenyetso umuntu urwaye indwara ya CGD agaragaza?

Ibimenyetso bya CGD akenshi bitangira mu bwana. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugaragara mu myaka iyo ari yo yose. Ikimenyetso nyamukuru kandi gikunze kugaragara ni indwara zikomeye ziterwa na bagiteri n'ibihumyo.

Reka turebe ibi bimenyetso kugira ngo tubyumve byoroshye.

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Kuki iyi CGD ibaho? Ni iyihe mpamvu?

Mu magambo make, CGD ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo..Ibyo bivuze ko iki ari ikintu dukura ku babyeyi bacu. Buri gikorwa cyose mu mubiri wacu kigenzurwa n'ibintu byitwa genes. Utwo turemangingo tw'amaraso umweru twavuze mbere tukubiyemo 'amabwiriza' akora imisemburo ikenewe kugira ngo yica mikorobe.

Muri CGD, hari impinduka muri imwe muri jeni eshanu zirimo aya mabwiriza. Kubera iyi mpinduka, uturemangingo tw’amaraso twera ntidushobora gukora iyo enzyme, cyangwa iyo tuyikoze, ntikora neza. Ingaruka ni uko tudashobora kurwanya mikorobe.

CGD igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri bitewe n'uburyo ubu busembwa bw'uturemangingo bubaho.

• CGD ifitanye isano na X: Iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane. Iterwa n'impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo (gene ya CYBB) kuri chromosome ya X. Abagabo bafite chromosome imwe ya X, mu gihe abagore bafite chromosome ebyiri za X. Iyi ni yo mpamvu iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bahungu .
• CGD ihinduka mu buryo bw’umubiri: Ibi biterwa n’impinduka mu zindi ngirabuzimafatizo (CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, CYBC1 cyangwa NCF4). Ubwo bwoko bushobora kugira ingaruka ku bagabo n’abagore kimwe.

Ni izihe ngaruka n'ingorane bishobora guterwa n'iyi ndwara?

Umuntu urwaye indwara ya CGD aba ari mu kaga gakomeye iyo hari umuntu wo mu muryango we uyirwaye. Ariko, ni gake cyane, hagaragaye ko iyi ndwara ibaho mu buryo butunguranye, nta mateka y’umuryango.

Hari ingorane nyinshi zishobora guterwa na CGD.

• Ibibazo byo mu gifu: Ibisebe no kubyimba mu mara bishobora kubangamira inzira yo gusya.
• Indwara z'amara: Urugero, hari ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara nka Inflammatory Aromal Disease (IBD), ari yo ndwara idakira yo kubyimba amara.
• Ibibazo byo gukura: Iyo abana bato n'impinja bafite iyi ndwara, imikurire yabo y'umubiri ishobora gutinda.
• Izindi ndwara: Bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ubumuga bw'uturemangingo butera CGD, hari abantu bamwe na bamwe bashobora kurwara indwara z'umutima, impyiko, diyabete, cyangwa izindi ndwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri.

Wamenya ute ko ufite CGD?

Muganga wawe azabanza kukubaza wowe n'umwana wawe ibimenyetso byanyu n'amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wanyu. Hanyuma, azagutegeka ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo yemeze ko ari indwara.

• Isuzuma ry'umubiri: Muganga asuzuma umubiri witonze niba hari kubyimba, ibibyimba, na granulomas.
• Ibizamini by'amaraso: Hari ikizamini cyihariye cy'amaraso gishobora gusuzuma neza indwara ya CGD. Iki kizamini cyitwa DHR test (dihydrorhodamine test) . Iki kizamini gipima ubushobozi bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera bwo kwica mikorobe.
• Gupima imiterere y'uturemangingo:Ingero z'amaraso cyangwa ingingo zifatwa kugira ngo harebwe ikibazo cyihariye cya genetiki gitera CGD. Ibi bishobora kandi gufasha kumenya ubwoko nyabwo bw'indwara.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura CGD?

Nubwo indwara ya CGD idashobora gukira burundu, ubu hari uburyo bwinshi bwiza bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso, kurinda indwara zikomeye, no gufasha abantu kubaho ubuzima busanzwe.

Kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti

• Antibiyotike: Abarwayi benshi ba CGD bazakenera gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara mu buzima bwabo bwose kugira ngo birinde kwandura bagiteri no kuvura indwara zishobora kuvuka.
• Imiti irwanya imiyoboro: Imiti nka (itraconazole) ikoreshwa mu gukumira no kuvura indwara z'imiyoboro.
• Inshinge za Interferon-gamma: Iyi ni ubwoko bwa poroteyine ikorwa n'ubudahangarwa bwacu bwite. Iyi nshinge ifasha kugabanya inshuro n'ubukana bw'indwara.

Abarwayi bamwe, cyane cyane abafite indwara zikomeye, bashobora guterwa uturemangingo fatizo . Ibi bikubiyemo gutera uturemangingo fatizo tw’umubiri w’umuntu muzima mu mubiri w’umurwayi, dusimbura uturemangingo tureza tw’amaraso tudakora neza n’uturemangingo tuzima. Ariko, ubu ni uburyo bugoye kandi buteje akaga, bityo abaganga barabisaba bashingiye ku bintu byinshi, nk’imyaka y’umurwayi n’ubuzima bwe.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo twirinde kwandura indwara?

Kimwe no kuvura umuntu urwaye indwara ya CGD, ni ukwirinda kwandura uko bishoboka kose. Utuntu duto dushobora kugira itandukaniro rikomeye.

• Witondere amazi: Irinde koga mu migezi, mu nyanja no mu biyaga rwose. Ibi ntabwo birimo chlorine, bityo mikorobe zivamo indwara zishobora kwinjira mu mubiri wawe byoroshye. Kubwibyo, niba woga, koresha pisine ifite chlorine gusa .
• Wite ku busitani bwawe: Irinde gukorakora cyangwa gutembera hafi y'imyanda yo mu busitani, ibirundo by'ifumbire mvaruganda, ibyatsi byumye, n'amababi yuma. Bimwe mu bihumyo biboneka muri ibi bishobora gutera umusonga ukomeye ushobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga iyo umurwayi wa CGD ahumekewe. Kubwibyo, ugomba kwitonda cyane kuri ibi.

Ibintu ugomba kumenya ku bijyanye no kubana n'iyi ndwara

Kumva iby’iyi ndwara bishobora gutera ubwoba. Ariko ukuri ni uko, iyo umuntu avuwe neza kandi akavugana na muganga buri gihe, abantu benshi barwaye indwara ya CGD bashobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, burangwa n’ibikorwa byiza kandi bushimishije. Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni ukumenya ubwandu no gutangira kuvurwa hakiri kare, mbere yuko burushaho kuba bubi.

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe murwaye indwara ziterwa n'ubwandu zidasobanutse, hita ubonana na muganga wawe muganire kuri ibi.

Niba umwana wawe afite indwara ya CGD, sobanukirwa ko atari wowe ubyiteye. Ni indwara iterwa n’uturemangingo. Uramutse uhawe inama nziza n’abaganga, umwana wawe afite amahirwe menshi yo kubaho ubuzima burambye kandi bwishimye. Icy'ingenzi ni ukumenya neza iby’iyi ndwara no gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze.