Iyo ugiye kwa muganga gukuraho agahu gato cyangwa ikibyimba ku ruhu rwawe, ushobora kuba waramubonye 'agikura' akoresheje igikoresho gito. Muri icyo gihe, ushobora kumva impumuro y'umwotsi n'impumuro ishyushye. Abantu benshi batekereza ko ubu ari uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe laser. Ariko mu by'ukuri ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura bukoresha amashanyarazi. Ubu buryo tubwita electrosurgery. Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho riteye ubwoba gato, ubu ni ikoranabuhanga ryizewe kandi riteye imbere mu buvuzi. Uyu munsi, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye.
Mu magambo make, kubaga hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ni iki?
Kubaga hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ni ugukoresha amashanyarazi agenzurwa mu kubaga. Bishobora kugera ku bintu bitatu by'ingenzi:
1. Gukata: Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mu gukata ingingo, nk'icyuma cyo kubaga.
2. Kwangiza ingingo: Bikoreshwa mu gusenya icyibasira uruhu, nk'ikibyimba.
3. Guhagarika kuva amaraso: Ibi bikoreshwa mu guhagarika kuva amaraso ako kanya binyuze mu 'gufunga' umutsi w'amaraso uva amaraso uturutse ku gisebe.
Hari imashini yihariye yitwa Electrosurgical Unit (ESU) ikoreshwa muri iyi gahunda. Amashanyarazi ava muri iyi mashini ahuzwa n'igikoresho gito cyitwa electrode muganga akoresha. Iyo iyi electrode ishyizwe hafi y'aho uvurirwa (urugero, mu kwaha kwawe), ubushyuhe bwinshi buturuka kuri iyo mashini burasenya cyangwa bugaca ingingo zivugwa.
Tekereza kuri ibi, ingaruka ibi bigira mu by'ukuri ni ukuvura ibyangiritse. Ni ukuvuga ko bikuraho ibintu bitari ngombwa, bigahagarika kuva amaraso, kandi bigafasha umubiri gukira.
Ni ubuhe buryo butandukanye bwo kuvura?
Ubu buryo bwo kubaga hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ntibukorwa mu buryo bumwe gusa. Hari uburyo butandukanye bukoreshwa bitewe n'ibikenewe. Reka tubirebe muri ubu buryo kugira ngo byoroshye kubusobanukirwa.
| Izina ry'uburyo | Ikorwa ite kandi ikoreshwa iki? |
|---|---|
| Guhuza amashanyarazi | Aha, electrode igomba gushyirwa ku ruhu neza.Oya. Bitera umuriro w'amashanyarazi ushyirwa hejuru y'uruhu muri milimetero nke. Ibi bihindura gusa urwego rwo hejuru rw'uruhu. |
| Gutunganya amashanyarazi | Aha, electrode ishyirwa ahantu havurwa. Amashanyarazi anyura mu ngirangingo 'akayumutsa'. Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu gukuraho ibibyimba. |
| Gukoresha amashanyarazi mu gufungana kw'amaraso | Ibi bishobora kwangiza ingirabuzima fatizo. Bikora cyane cyane mu gutuma amaraso yibumba kandi bigatuma ava amaraso ahagarara. |
| Gucamo amashanyarazi | Ibi bituma umuntu agabanya inyama neza cyane . Bishobora kuba byoroshye nko gukata igice cy'amavuta ukoresheje icyuma gishyushye, amaraso make cyane. |
Ese amashanyarazi atandukanye?
Yego, hari itandukaniro rito. Abantu benshi bavanga ibi byombi. Muri ubwo buryo bwavuzwe haruguru, amashanyarazi anyura mu ngingo z'umubiri. Ariko muri electrocautery, amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gushyushya umutwe w'amashanyarazi gusa. Hanyuma, umutwe ushyushye ushyirwa ku ngingo kugira ngo usenye ingingo. Aha, amashanyarazi ntanyura mu mubiri.
Ni ibihe bibazo abaganga bakoresha mu kubaga hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi?
Iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu nzego nyinshi z'ubuvuzi.
- Ku ndwara z'uruhu: Ibi bikunze gukoreshwa n'abaganga b'uruhu. Bigira akamaro cyane mu gukuraho imikurire y'uruhu, ibiheri, n'udupira tw'uruhu.
- Ku ndwara ya kanseri y'uruhu: Ubu buryo bukoreshwa no kuvura ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri y'uruhu, nka kanseri y'ururenda rwa mbere na kanseri y'ururenda rwa squamous. Ibi bikubiyemo kubanza gukata urwego rwa kanseri ukoresheje igikoresho gityaye (curettage), hanyuma ugakoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo ushenye uturemangingo twa kanseri dusigaye.
- Ubundi buryo bwo kubaga: Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mu kubaga nka endoscopy (gukoresha kamera kugira ngo urebe imbere mu mubiri) kugira ngo ukureho ibibyimba bito n'udukoko two mu mubiri no guhagarika kuva amaraso.
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo kuvurwa?
Ubwa mbere, uhabwa ikinya kugira ngo ushire ibinure aho hantu kugira ngo ntugire ububabare. Ibikurikiraho biterwa n'uburyo bwakoreshejwe. Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi.
Uburyo bwa monopolari
Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. "Mono" bivuga "imwe". Ibi bivuze ko umutwe umwe gusa w'amashanyarazi ushyirwa ku mubiri wawe.
- Amashanyarazi ava muri mashini ya ESU aza kuri electrode ikora.
- Iyo iyi electrode ikoze ku gice cyo kuvurirwamo, amashanyarazi anyura mu ngingo z'umubiri wawe.
- Hanyuma amashanyarazi ajya kuri electrode idakora (electrode ikwirakwira) ifatanye n'ikindi gice cy'umubiri. Ibi bimeze nk'"isahani y'ubutaka." Iyi ishobora kuba agapfundikizo ufata ku itako ryawe.
- Amaherezo, amashanyarazi aturuka kuri iyo electrode idakora asubira kuri mashini ya ESU, akarangiza urujya n'uruza.
Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya Bipolar
"Bi" bisobanura "ibiri." Aha, imitwe ibiri ya electrode ishyirwa ku mubiri wawe. Tekereza nk'igikoresho gisa n'imbaraga. Amashanyarazi yinjira aturutse ku ruhande rumwe agasohoka aturutse ku rundi.
- Amashanyarazi ava muri mashini ya ESU aza kuri electrode ikora.
- Amashanyarazi anyura muri tissue akajya kuri electrode iri ku rundi ruhande rw'umwobo umwe.
- Amashanyarazi ntanyura kure mu mubiri, anyura gusa hagati y’impande zombi z’urushinge hanyuma akagaruka kuri mashini ya ESU. Iyi ikoreshwa mu kubaga ibyuma bito cyane .
Ni izihe nyungu z'ubu buryo bwo kuvura?
Ubu buryo bufite inyungu nyinshi kurusha gukata hakoreshejwe icyuma gisanzwe cyo kubaga.
- Nta byangiritse byinshi ku ngingo zikikije, kandi agace kagenewe gusa ni ko gashobora kuvurwa.
- Inkovu ni gake cyane .
- Ishobora gusenya vuba ingingo (ishobora kwangirika).
- Kuva amaraso bishobora guhagarara ako kanya. Iki ni kimwe mu byiza bikomeye.
Iyo ubu buryo bukoreshejwe ku ndwara ya kanseri y'uruhu, hari igipimo cyo gukira kiri hagati ya 90% na 95%.
Ese hari ingaruka mbi zihari muri ibi?
Kubaga hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ni uburyo bwizewe cyane iyo bukozwe n'umuganga w'inararibonye. Ariko, kimwe no ku bundi buryo bwose bwo kwa muganga, hari ingaruka ntoya . Reka turebe icyo abaganga bakora kugira ngo baburinde.
| Ingaruka | Abaganga bakora iki kugira ngo birinde? |
|---|---|
| Gutwika | Iyo imbaraga z'amashanyarazi ari nyinshi cyane, ubushye bushobora kubaho. Abaganga bahora babikumira batangirana n'imbaraga nke zikenewe kandi bagakoresha uburyo bukwiye. |
| Ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi | Izi ngorane zibaho iyo amashanyarazi adakoreshejwe neza. Itsinda ry'abaganga riritondera ibi kandi rikareba ko ibikoresho byashyizwemo neza. |
| Indwara zandurira mu mubiri | Udukoko dushobora kwanduzanya hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bitarasukurwa. Nanone, umwotsi uturuka mu gihe cyo kuvurwa ushobora gukwirakwiza udukoko. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abaganga bakoresha ibikoresho byasizwe umuti kandi bagakora ubu buryo mu byumba bifite umwuka uhumeka umwotsi. |
| Guhindura ibara ry'uruhu (Hypopigmentation) | Nyuma yo kuvurwa mu buryo bwimbitse, uruhu ruri muri ako gace rushobora kuba rworoshye gato ugereranyije n'uruhu rukikije. Niba hari ibyago, muganga wawe azabikubwira mbere yo kuvurwa. |
| Ingaruka ku bikoresho byashyizwe mu mubiri | Abantu bafite ibikoresho byashyizwemo nk'ibikoresho bifasha mu mugongo no mu mugongo bashobora kugira ingaruka kuri aya mashanyarazi. Niba ufite igikoresho nk'icyo, ugomba kubibwira muganga wawe . Hanyuma azafata ingamba zikenewe zo kwirinda. |
Bizatwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ngire gukira? Ni ryari nkwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Igihe cyo gukira giterwa n'uburemere bw'ubuvuzi.
- Iyo agahu gato cyangwa ikintu kimeze nk'uduheri bikuwe ku ruhu, bizatwara icyumweru kimwe kugira ngo igisebe gikire.Ushobora kugenda.
- Niba ari igikomere cyimbitse, bishobora gufata ibyumweru bibiri kugeza kuri bine cyangwa birenga.
Muganga azagusobanurira igihe cyo gukira akurikije uko umerewe.
Igihe cyo guhamagara muganga wawe:
Niba, nyuma yo kuvurwa uruhu, washyize igitutu ku gikomere mu minota 20 kandi amaraso ntakomeze kuva , ugomba guhamagara muganga wawe. Nanone, niba igikomere kigaragaje ibimenyetso by'ubwandu (nk'umutuku, kubyimba, amashyira) kandi kidakira nk'uko byari byitezwe, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba.
Ese ibi ni kimwe no kubaga hakoreshejwe laser?
Oya. Izi ni ikoranabuhanga ribiri ritandukanye rwose.
- Kubaga hakoreshejwe ingufu z'amashanyarazi .
- Kubaga hakoreshejwe laser bikoresha ingufu z'urumuri .
Nubwo ubu buryo bwombi bushobora gukata, kwangiza ingingo, no guhagarika kuva amaraso, amahame bukoresha aratandukanye.
Amaherezo, kubaga hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ni uburyo bwizewe kandi bufite akamaro bwo kuvura indwara zitandukanye hakoreshejwe imbaraga zo gukiza ubushyuhe. Ushobora kubibona mu gihe ikibyimba cyawe kirimo gukurwaho. Ushobora no kutamenya ko ubu buryo bwakoreshejwe kuko uri munsi y'ikinya mu gihe cyo kubagwa cyane, nko gupimwa mu buryo bwa endoscope. Ariko, ibuka ko abaganga bakorana umwete kugira ngo bakurinde muri ubu buryo bwo kuvura.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kubaga hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ni uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi agenzurwa. Ubu si uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe laser.
- Ikoreshwa mu bintu byinshi bitandukanye, kuva ku gukuraho agace gato k'uruhu kugeza ku guhagarika kuva amaraso mu gihe cyo kubagwa gukomeye.
- Iyo bikozwe n'umuganga wabyigiye kandi w'inararibonye, ubu buryo ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufite umutekano.
- Niba ufite igikoresho cyashyizwe mu mubiri wawe, nk'icyuma gifasha mu mugongo, banza ubwire muganga wawe mbere yo kuvurwa.
- Niba ugize kuva amaraso menshi, ibimenyetso by'ubwandu, cyangwa utinze gukira nyuma yo kuvurwa, menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
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