Evans Syndrome ni iki? Reka tubiganireho!

Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva unaniwe? Cyangwa ugorwa no guhagarika kuva amaraso ndetse no mu bintu bito cyane? Wenda biterwa nuko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe burimo kukurwanya. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara idasanzwe ariko ikomeye cyane ugomba kumenya. Iyo ni indwara ya Evans . Ntugahangayike, tuzavuga kuri byose mu magambo yoroheje.

None se, indwara ya Evans Syndrome ni iki?

Muri make, indwara ya Evans Syndrome ni indwara iterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri . Icyo bibaho ni uko abasirikare bagomba kurinda umubiri wacu, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, batangira kwibeshya gusenya zimwe mu turemangingo tw’amaraso yacu. Ni nk’aho ingabo zacu zitera abaturage bacu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umubiri wacu utakaza uturemangingo tw’amaraso dukenewe. Uku kugabanuka kudasanzwe kw’uturemangingo tw’amaraso ni cyo twita cytopenia mu buvuzi.

Abantu benshi barwaye indwara ya Evans Syndrome babanza kwibasirwa n’uturemangingo dutukura duke mu maraso (indwara yitwa anemia ) na platelets (indwara yitwa thrombocytopenia ). Uretse byombi, hari abantu bashobora no kugira ubwoko buke bw’uturemangingo tw’amaraso tw’umweru twitwa neutrophils (indwara yitwa neutropenia ).

Iyo ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso buri hasi, ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi mu mubiri wacu, nko kubona umwuka wa ogisijeni, kuvura kw'amaraso, no kurwanya indwara, biragira ingaruka. Niyo mpamvu twumva dufite intege nke, tunaniwe, dutangira kuva amaraso byoroshye, kandi turwara kenshi .

Iyi ndwara ishobora kwibasira bamwe mu bantu mu buryo bworoheje cyane, abandi bakaba babi cyane. Ingaruka zayo ntiziramba kimwe mu buzima bwabo bwose. Ikintu cyiza ni uko nubwo nta muti wayo uhari, kuyivura bishobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso no kugabanya ingaruka zayo .

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya Evans Syndrome?

Ibimenyetso bya Evans Syndrome bishobora gutandukana cyane. Biterwa n'ubwoko bwa cytopenia ufite n'uburemere bwayo. Akenshi, amaraso make cyangwa thrombocytopenia bibaho mbere, ibindi bikagaragara nyuma.

Ibimenyetso bya mbere by'ibura ry'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso ( anemia ):

Ese unaniwe nubwo umaze kugenda urugendo rugufi? Ese wumva unaniwe kandi ntushobora gukora ibyo wakoraga mbere? Wenda isura yawe isa n'aho ishaje gato. Ibi ni bimwe mu bimenyetso bya mbere by'indwara yo kubura amaraso :

• Numva ndushye cyane.
• Uruhu rwerurutse (urubara rw'umukara) .
• Kubabara umutwe cyangwa isereri .
• Kugorwa no guhumeka (dyspnea) .
• Umutima utera vuba cyane (tachycardia) .
• Kumva cyangwa kumva umutima wawe utera mu buryo budasanzwe (umutima utera cyane) .

Ibimenyetso bya mbere by’ibura ry’udupira tw’amaraso (thrombocytopenia):

Ese wigeze ubona ko hari igihe utudomo duto dutukura tugaragara ku ruhu rwawe? Cyangwa uhura n'ibisebe gusa? Ese ishinya zawe ziva amaraso menshi kurusha uko bisanzwe iyo wogeje amenyo yawe? Ibi ni ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara ko hari platelets nke:

• Uduce duto dutukura two kuva amaraso (petechiae) munsi y'uruhu.
• Uduheri tw'umuhengeri ku ruhu (purpura) .
• Gukomereka bitagira impamvu (ecchymosis) .
• Kuva amaraso menshi mu ishinya cyangwa mu mazuru.
• Kuva amaraso menshi mu gihe cy'imihango ku bagore.
• Kuva amaraso bitewe n'amabyi cyangwa inkari.

Ibimenyetso bya neutropenia (ibi bishobora kugaragara nyuma cyangwa ntibizabeho):

Ni ibisanzwe kurwara ibicurane rimwe cyangwa bibiri mu kwezi. Ariko se ukunze kurwara umuriro? Ese uhora urwara ibisebe mu kanwa? Ese bisa nkaho bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo bikire? Dore bimwe mu bintu bishobora kubaho iyo neutrophils zawe ziri hasi:

• Umuriro.
• Ibisebe byo mu kanwa.
• Kurwara ibicurane kenshi, umuriro, no kubabara mu nda.
• Indwara zo mu matwi zigaruka.
• Kwandura ibihumyo igihe kirekire.
• Indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTIs) .

Ibindi bimenyetso bya Evans Syndrome (ibi bishobora kubaho rimwe na rimwe):

• Utunyangingo tw'imitsi mu ijosi twabyimbye.
• Uduheri twagutse .
• Umwijima wagutse .
• Jaundice .

Kuki Evans Syndrome ibaho?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, indwara ya Evans Syndrome ni indwara iterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri . Ibi bivuze ko ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wacu buhita bumenya ko uturemangingo tumwe na tumwe tw’amaraso yacu ari "umwanzi" maze bugatangira kutwibasira.

Uyu murimo ukorwa n'uturemangingo twa B, ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo mu budahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri. Utu turemangingo twa B dukora ikintu cyitwa antibodies . Utu turemangingo tugenda tugafata utwo turemangingo tw'amaraso tutagize icyo tugeraho tukaturimbura. Akenshi, dutangira kwibasira ubwoko bumwe bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso mbere, hanyuma tugatangira kwibasira ubundi bwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso.

Iyi gahunda niyo ituma ugira ikibazo cyo kubura nibura ubwoko bubiri bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso (cytopenia), rimwe na rimwe na twose uko ari dutatu. Ikibazo cyo kubura muri twose cyitwa pancytopenia . Ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi bituma utwo turemangingo tw'amaraso tuba duke ni ibi bikurikira:

• Anemia yo mu maraso iterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri (AIHA): Iki ni cyo gihe uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso tugabanuka. Ni ukuvuga ko twangirika vuba kurusha uko umubiri ushobora kubikora.
• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri butera indwara (ITP) : Iyi ni indwara ituma umubare w'udukoko duto duto (platelets) ugabanuka. Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri butera kandi bukavana udukoko mu maraso.
• Indwara y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri (AIN) : Iyi ni indwara aho umubare wa neutrophils, ubwoko bw’uturemangingo tw’amaraso twera, ugabanuka. Ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri butera kandi bukangiza neutrophils.

Tekereza kuri ibi, hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma uturemangingo tw’amaraso tuba duke (cytopenia). Hari igihe bishobora guterwa n’uko umwongo w’amagufwa udakora uturemangingo tw’amaraso duhagije. Ariko, muri cytopenia y’umubiri, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri burasenya uturemangingo tw’amaraso twabwo.

Ni ibihe bintu bitera indwara ya Evans Syndrome?

Abahanga mu bya siyansi ntibaramenya neza impamvu izi ndwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri zitera. Ariko babonye ko izi ndwara zikunze gutangira nyuma y’indwara ikomeye cyangwa ikintu gitera stress nyinshi ku budahangarwa bw’umubiri. Ibi byitwa intandaro .

Nanone, niba ufite indwara imwe y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri, mu mibare uba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indi. Ni nk'aho iyi ndwara y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri ikwirakwira mu bice bimwe by’umubiri ijya mu bindi.

Indwara ya Evans ishobora kubaho ubwayo (iyi yitwa indwara ya Evans y’ibanze ), cyangwa ikabaho nk’indwara ya kabiri ijyanye n’indi ndwara (iyi yitwa indwara ya Evans y’ibanze) . Zimwe mu ndwara zishobora kwibasirwa muri ubu buryo ni:

• Indwara ya lupus erythematosus (lupus)
• Ubukene busanzwe bw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Ibura rya IgA ry'umwihariko
• Indwara ya Sjögren
• Lymphoma itari iya Hodgkin
• Leukemia y'uruhererekane rw'amaraso mu maraso idakira
• Hepatite C idakira
• Kwandura agakoko gatera SIDA kadakira

Niba ufite indwara ya Evans syndrome y’ibanze, ishobora kuba yaratangiye nyuma y’uburwayi bw’igihe gito, cyangwa se ushobora kuba udafite impamvu igaragara. Abahanga mu bya siyansi bashyira Evans syndrome mu cyiciro cy’indwara idasanzwe . Ibi bivuze ko nta mpamvu itaziguye yabonetse.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na Evans Syndrome?

Si abantu bose barwaye Evans Syndrome bazahura n'ingorane. Hari abantu bagira ibimenyetso byoroheje gusa. Ariko, mu bihe bikomeye, uku kubura kw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso (cytopenia) bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Urugero:

• Iyo uturemangingo dutukura tudafite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ogisijeni mu mubiri, ogisijeni iba idafite ubushobozi buhagije mu maraso (hypoxemia) . Ibi bikomerera cyane umutima kandi bishobora gutera indwara z'umutima no gucika intege k'umutima.
• Iyo udafite platelets zihagije , zifasha amaraso yawe kubumba, amaraso yawe ntabwo abumba neza. Ibi bishobora gutuma uva amaraso byoroshye kandi vuba. Ibi bishobora gutuma ubura amaraso menshi mu mubiri.
• Iyo umubiri wawe ubuze neutrophils , zifasha mu kurwanya ubwandu, uba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kwandura indwara kenshi, kandi zishobora gukomera no gukwirakwira mu mubiri wawe wose. Ibi bishobora gutera indwara ikomeye yitwa sepsis .

Ni gute abaganga bapima indwara ya Evans Syndrome?

Evans Syndrome ipimwa binyuze mu gupima amaraso . Ishobora kumenyekana iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso bya cytopenia, cyangwa mu gihe cyo kubara uturemangingo tw'amaraso mu gihe cyo gusuzuma ubuzima.

Niba umubare w'amaraso yawe (CBC) ugaragaje ko ufite uturemangingo dutukura duke, plaquettes, cyangwa neutrophils nkeya mu maraso, itsinda ry'abaganga rizakora ibizamini byinshi. Urugero, bazasuzuma amaraso yawe kugira ngo barebe ko hari uturemangingo twinshi tw’umubiri dufitanye isano na Evans Syndrome. Bazasuzuma kandi izindi ndwara zishobora gutera cytopenia, nk'indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa kanseri.

Abaganga bemeza indwara ya Evans Syndrome bakuraho izindi mpamvu zose. Hari igihe bashobora no gukenera gukora CT scan (computer tomography scan) cyangwa biopsy y'umusemburo w'amagufwa kugira ngo barebe ko hari izindi ndwara.

Ese hari umuti wuzuye wa Evans Syndrome? Ivurwa ite?

Mu by’ukuri, nta muti wuzuye wa Evans Syndrome, cyangwa indi ndwara iyo ari yo yose irwanya indwara. Abaganga bavura izi ndwara zirwanya indwara baguha imiti igabanya imikorere y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe.

Byongeye kandi, ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kuvurwa ukwabyo. Urugero, niba umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe uri hasi cyane, muganga wawe ashobora kubikosora akoresheje uburyo bwo guterwa amaraso rimwe na rimwe.

Kimwe n'izindi ndwara nyinshi zifata ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri igihe kirekire, indwara ya Evans Syndrome ishobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Hari igihe ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara nk'aho bishize (byitwa relieve) , ariko nyuma bishobora kugaruka cyangwa bikarushaho kuba bibi (byitwa relapse ).

Ushobora kugerageza uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura mu buzima bwawe bwose, kuko uburyo bugenda buhinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita. Muganga wawe azagerageza kukurinda ingorane zikomeye cyane za Evans Syndrome.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura indwara ya Evans Syndrome ni imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri , kandi nibiba ngombwa, guterwa amaraso. Iyi miti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ikora mu kugabanya igitero cy'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe.

Ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'imiti itangwa:

• Corticosteroids , nka prednisone . Ubusanzwe ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bwo kuvura butangwa.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ziterwa n’imitsi (IVIg) bukubiyemo gutanga umuti urimo ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bw’abantu binyuze mu mutsi. Utu dukoko dushya dushobora gufatana n’udukoko tw’umubiri dufite ikibazo maze tukaduhagarika.

Niba utitabiriye neza imiti isanzwe, muganga wawe ashobora kugerageza ubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Muri ubwo buryo harimo:

• Antibodies za monoclonal , nka rituximab . Izi ni antibodies zikorerwa muri laboratwari. Hari igihe zishobora guhagarika uburyo uturemangingo twibasira umubiri. Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kuzikoresha niba indi miti idakora.
• Kubaga amenyo y'umugongo . Mu bihe bikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kubagwa kugira ngo amenyo yawe akurweho. amenyo yawe niho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dushaje dukurwa. Rero iyo amenyo akuweho, igikorwa kiragabanuka gato.

Ese hari ingorane cyangwa ingaruka mbi z'ubuvuzi?

Iyo ufashe imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umubiri, uburyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe butera indwara yawe bugabanuka. Ariko kandi, ubudahangarwa bwawe bwo kwandura nabwo buragabanuka . Bityo rero uzakenera gufata ingamba zidasanzwe zo kwirinda kurwara.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kuguha izindi nkingo ziyongera ku zindi wamaze guhabwa. Iyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bucitse intege (ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budafite imbaraga), ushobora kwandura indwara utari usanzwe urwara.

Ese kubana na Evans Syndrome bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe?

Indwara ya Evans Syndrome ntabwo igira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe. Hari abantu bagira ibimenyetso byoroheje cyane, rimwe na rimwe. Ariko, zimwe mu ngorane, nko kuva amaraso, indwara z'umutima, n'ubwandu, zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Niba ufite indwara ya secondary Evans syndrome, bivuze ko uyifite hamwe n'indi ndwara idakira, ibyo bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe. Ushobora kugira ingorane zishobora gushyira ubuzima bwawe mu kaga ziterwa n'indi ndwara yawe.

Ni iki kizere cy’umuntu urwaye Evans Syndrome?

Ibihe abantu barwaye indwara ya Evans Syndrome biratandukanye cyane. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba byoroheje cyangwa bikomeye. Hari abantu bumva ibimenyetso byabo bishira burundu (relief). Abandi bazongera kubigarukaho nyuma (relapse).

Abantu benshi bakeneye uburyo runaka bwo kuvurwa no kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe. Ubuvuzi akenshi burakora neza, ariko si buri gihe. Hari igihe, akamaro k'ubuvuzi gashobora kugabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ushobora kugerageza ubundi buryo bwo kuvura.

Ni gute nakwiyitaho mu gihe mbayeho na Evans Syndrome?

Niba ufite indwara ya Evans Syndrome, ni ngombwa gukomeza kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe . Nubwo waba wumva umeze neza, muganga wawe azashaka gukurikirana ikibazo cyawe no kugifata hakiri kare nibirushaho kuba bibi.

Nanone, ugomba kwiyitaho no kwitondera ibimenyetso bishya. Niba ufite ibicurane bitagenda neza, cyangwa niba uva amaraso mu buryo budasubirwaho, hamagara muganga wawe vuba .

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Ushobora kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso nkeneye?
• Bagabanutseho angahe?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso cyangwa ibimenyetso by'umuburo ngomba kwitondera?
• Namenya nte niba uburyo bwo kuvura bukora cyangwa budakora?
• Bigenda bite iyo ubuvuzi budakora?
• Ni ryari ngomba kwiyandikisha kwa muganga wanjye utaha?

Indwara ya Evans Syndrome ni indwara idakunze kugaragara ushobora kuba utari warigeze wumva mbere. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bitangaje kandi bikanganye. Gusobanukirwa ibiri kuba n'icyo bivuze bishobora kuba ibintu bigoye cyane.

Nubwo indwara ya Evans Syndrome ari indwara y’ubuzima bwose, si ko buri gihe iba imwe. Komeza kwiringira ko uzumva umeze neza, nibura rimwe na rimwe. Uko waba wumva umeze kose, itsinda ry’abaganga rizaba rihari kugira ngo riguhe ubuvuzi ukeneye.

Ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwo kujyana mu rugo

Sawa, reka rero twibukiranye bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi twavuzeho.

• Evans Syndrome ni iki?Indwara idakunze kugaragara aho ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bwite bwibasira uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe.
• Ibi bishobora gutuma uturemangingo dutukura ( anemia ), platelets (thrombocytopenia), ndetse bishobora no gutuma neutrophils (neutropenia) .
• Ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa cyane, kutagira uruhu, gucika intege byoroshye, kuva amaraso kenshi, no kwandura indwara kenshi bishobora kubaho.
• Nubwo nta muti wuzuye uhari, ibimenyetso bishobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura .
• Ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza inama za muganga buri gihe no kwitondera ibimenyetso.
• Ntabwo uri wenyine. Abaganga bawe n'abakunzi bawe bazagufasha. Ni ingenzi cyane kandi kugumana icyizere.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azagufasha. Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Evans syndrome, indwara y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri, cytopenia, kubura amaraso, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, indwara z’amaraso