Ese tugomba kwisuzumisha amaso? Kuki ibi ari ingenzi kuri buri wese?

Ese hari igihe ubona amabaruwa ari mu kinyamakuru cyangwa mu gitabo asa n'aho adasobanutse neza? Cyangwa se uhura n'ikibazo cyo kubona ikintu kiri kure, nk'icyapa cya bisi? Abantu benshi batekereza ko gupimwa amaso ari ngombwa gusa iyo bagomba kwambara indorerwamo. Ariko si ko bimeze mu by'ukuri. Gupimwa amaso si ukureba gusa uko amaso yacu abona, ahubwo no ku buzima bw'amaso yacu, nk'uko bikorerwa buri mwaka mu isuzuma ry'ubuzima.

Gupima amaso ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, isuzuma ry'amaso ni uburyo abaganga b'amaso basuzuma amaso yawe, amatwi yawe, n'ubuzima bw'amaso muri rusange. Ntabwo uzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose muri iki gikorwa. Ni ingenzi kuri buri wese, si abakeneye indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo z'amaso gusa. Ni ingenzi cyane cyane kwisuzumisha amaso yawe buri gihe niba ufite izindi ndwara, nka diyabete.

Ariko si ko ibizamini byose by'amaso biba bimwe. Bimwe bikorwa ku ntego runaka, ibindi bikaba ibizamini rusange. Kandi hari abahanga batandukanye bakora ibyo bizamini.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'inzobere mu gusuzuma amaso?

Iyo tuvuze ku maso, abahanga babaza ubwoko butatu bw'amaso. Ariko ntabwo tuzi neza itandukaniro riri hagati yayo. Reka tubisobanukirwe neza.

Ni ibihe bihe bitandukanye byo gupima amaso?

Bitewe n'impamvu ugiye gupimwa amaso, bishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butandukanye.

• Ibizamini bisanzwe/bisanzwe: Ibi ni nko gusuzuma umubiri wacu buri mwaka. Abantu badafite ibimenyetso byihariye cyangwa abambara indorerwamo bagomba kwisuzumisha buri gihe .
• Ikizamini gikurikira: Iki ni ikizamini gikorerwa impamvu runaka. Urugero, nyuma y’impanuka y’ijisho, nyuma yo kubagwa, cyangwa niba ufite indwara y’igihe kirekire nka diyabete cyangwa kwangirika kw’amaso , ushobora gukenera kwipimisha buri gihe kugira ngo urebe niba iyo ndwara yaragize ingaruka ku maso yawe.
• Ibizamini byihutirwa: Ubu bwoko bw'ibizamini bukorwa iyo kureba kwawe kwagize ingaruka zitunguranye, urugero, niba wagize ikibazo mu jisho, niba watakaje amaso yawe mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa niba warahindutse mu kureba nyuma yo gukomereka mu mutwe.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri kirebwa mu gihe cyo gusuzuma amaso yose?

Isuzuma ryuzuye ry'amaso ni icyegeranyo cy'ibice byinshi. Reka tuvuge kuri buri kimwe mu magambo yoroshye. Ibi bice by'ikizamini bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri by'ingenzi.

1. Kugenzura imiterere y'inyuma n'imikorere y'ijisho

Iki gice kireba ahanini uko amaso yawe asa n'aho ari inyuma n'uko akora.

• Ubushobozi bwo kureba: Ibi bipima uburyo ubona neza. Uribuka icyapa kiri ku rukuta cyagusabye gusoma inyuguti nto n'izito cyangwa ibimenyetso kuva hejuru kugeza hasi? Ni cyo imbonerahamwe ya Snellen ikoreshwa.
• Imiterere y'amaso: Iki kizamini gipima uburebure bw'amaso yawe. Hari igihe dushobora kugira ahantu hatagaragara mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'amaso yacu tutabizi. Iki kizamini gishobora kubona ibintu nk'ibyo.
• Ingendo n'Imiterere y'Amaso: Iki kizamini kigenzura niba amaso yawe agenda neza mu mpande zose nta kuzunguza umutwe wawe, kandi niba amaso yawe ari ku murongo umwe. Ijisho rimwe rirasuzumwa, maze amaso yombi agasuzumwa hamwe.
• Ingohe n'inyama zikikije (Conjunctiva na Ocular adnexa):Uduce duto kandi tubonerana dutwikiriye umweru w'ijisho (conjunctiva) n'ibice bikikije ijisho, nk'amaso, imiyoboro y'amarira, n'uturemangingo tw'imitsi imbere y'amatwi, turasuzumwa.
• Imboni n'amaso: Aha niho hasuzumwa imboni n'amaso, igice cy'ijisho gifite ibara. By'umwihariko, amaso ahita yifata iyo ahuye n'urumuri kandi akaguka mu mwijima (pupillary reflexes).
• Umuvuduko wo mu jisho: Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ingenzi cyane cyo gusuzuma glaucoma . Iki kizamini kimeze nk'umuyaga muto uhuha mu jisho ryawe. Ntabwo kibabaza cyangwa ngo gitere ubwoba. Gipima umuvuduko w'amazi ari mu jisho. Umuvuduko ukabije ushobora kuba ikimenyetso cya glaucoma.

2. Gusuzuma itara rito kugira ngo urebe imbere mu jisho

Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane cyo gusuzuma amaso. Igikoresho cyihariye (itara rito) gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma imiterere yoroshye iri mu jisho ryawe. Mbere yuko ibi bikorwa, muganga wawe ashobora gushyira ibitonyanga mu jisho ryawe kugira ngo ryagure imboni. Ibi bituma muganga abona neza imbere mu jisho ryawe.

• Kornea: Ibi bimeze nk'ikirahure kiri imbere y'ijisho ryacu. Tureba ko nta byakomeretse, ibisebe, n'ibindi.
• Icyumba cy'imbere: Umwanya uri hagati y'indorerwamo n'imboni y'ijisho. Iki kizamini gifasha kureba niba amazi ari muri icyo gice atemba neza kandi niba hari igitutu.
• Indorerwamo: Indorerwamo y'ijisho irasuzumwa neza. Ibi bikoreshwa mu kumenya niba indorerwamo za katarakte zaravutse.
• Umutsi w'amaso: Uyu ni umutsi ujyana ubutumwa buva mu jisho bujya mu bwonko. Uyu mutsi ukoreshwa mu gusuzuma niba uyu mutsi wangiritse n'ibimenyetso bya glaucoma.
• Retina: Ururenda rw'ijisho rushobora kwitabwaho n'urumuri inyuma. Ni nk'ururenda ruri muri kamera. Indwara nka diyabete n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso zishobora kwangiza retina, bityo ni ngombwa gusuzuma iki gice.

Ese nawe ureba neza ubuzima bwawe?

Ibi bishobora kugaragara nk'aho atari ugupima amaso, ariko hari igihe biba ingenzi. Mu gihe muganira nawe, muganga ashobora kukubaza ibibazo byoroshye nka "Uyu munsi ni uwuhe?", "Uri he ubu?", "Witwa nde?" Ibi biterwa nuko rimwe na rimwe ibimenyetso ubona mu maso yawe bishobora kuba bifitanye isano n'indwara zimwe na zimwe mu bwonko. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kandi kumenya niba ubwenge bwawe buri ku rwego rusanzwe.

Ese hari imyiteguro yihariye ikenewe mbere yo gupimwa?

Gusuzuma amaso bisanzwe ntibisaba kwitegura cyane, ariko ni byiza kuzirikana ibi bintu:

• Andika urutonde rw'imiti yose na vitamine ufata. Bwira muganga wawe imiti yose ubona ko idafitanye isano n'amaso yawe.
• Zana indorerwamo zawe cyangwa lentile zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses .
• Niba ufite imiti ishaje yo mu maso, uyijyane nawe.

Ni iki wakwitega nyuma y'ikizamini?

Nyuma yo gupimwa, muganga azagusobanurira ibisubizo. Niba ukeneye indorerwamo, azaguha imiti yo kumuvura.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba igituba cyawe cyaragutse, ushobora kugira ububabare buto mu masaha make nyuma yo kubagwa.

• Urashobora kubona nabi iyo ureba ibintu biri hafi yawe, nka telefoni yawe cyangwa igitabo.
• Amaso ashobora guhinduka ubururu iyo arebye ku zuba cyangwa ku matara.

Kubwibyo, ni byiza kuzana indorerwamo z'izuba igihe ugiye kwipimisha. Nanone, niba bishoboka, ni byiza kujyana n'undi muntu cyangwa kutajyana n'imodoka . Kubera ko amaso yawe ashobora kuba adasobanutse neza, bishobora kugorana gutwara imodoka.

Ni ryari ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga?

Niba ubonye impinduka mu kureba kwawe, cyane cyane iyo bigenda birushaho kuba bibi, ugomba kujya kwa muganga. Ariko hari aho byaba byiza kudatinda.

Ugomba gusuzumwa amaso kangahe?

Muri rusange, ni byiza kwipimisha amaso byibuze rimwe mu mwaka cyangwa ibiri. Nubwo waba ufite amaso 20/20, ni ngombwa kuyasuzuma. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya indwara zimwe na zimwe mbere y'uko zitera ibimenyetso.

Ariko, niba ugwa mu byiciro bikurikira, ugomba kwisuzumisha amaso yawe kenshi. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi.

• Niba ufite imyaka irenga 60 .
• Niba ufite indwara nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira indwara z'amaso nka glaucoma .
• Niba wambaye indorerwamo cyangwa contact lenses .
• Niba warigeze kugira impanuka y'ijisho cyangwa kubagwa mbere.

Gusuzuma amaso ni ishoramari mu buzima bwacu muri rusange. Bishobora kurinda ubushobozi bwacu bwo kureba gusa, ndetse no mu buzima bwacu.