Mu gihe usoma iyi nkuru, amaso yawe arimo kugenda ava ku ijambo rimwe ajya ku rindi, umurongo ujya ku wundi, si byo se? Tekereza, iyo umuntu arimo kukuvugisha, ureba muri ubwo buryo. Ureba umuntu uri kure. Amaso yacu afashwa n'imitsi mito ariko ikomeye cyane ikikije amaso. Iyi mitsi ikora ibitangaza kugira ngo igende kandi igendeshe amaso yacu tutabizi. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iyi mitsi itangaje y'amaso.
Imitsi y'amaso ni iki?
Mu magambo make, hari imitsi itandatu (6) ijyana ijisho ryawe imbere n'imbere, hejuru no hasi, no hirya no hino. Iyi mitsi ifatanye n'inyuma y'ijisho. Niyo mpamvu abaganga rimwe na rimwe bayita "imitsi yo hanze cyangwa iyo hanze."
Nubwo inshingano nyamukuru y'iyi mitsi ari ukuyobora amaso mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose, inagira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku kureba kwacu. Tekereza, iyo urebye ikintu, amaso yawe yombi agomba kucyerekeza icyarimwe, mu cyerekezo kimwe. Bitabaye ibyo, dutakaza "ubushobozi bwo kubona ibintu mu buryo bwimbitse", ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo kubona ibintu muri "3D".
Iyi mitsi yo mu jisho ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi. Reka turebere hamwe ibyo ari byo.
| Ubwoko bw'imitsi | Ibisobanuro n'aho biherereye |
|---|---|
| Imitsi yo mu nda y'urutoki - Imitsi ine igororotse | |
| Rectus yo hejuru | Iherereye hejuru y'imboni y'ijisho. Ifasha mu kuzamura ijisho hejuru. |
| Rectus yo hasi | Iherereye hepfo y'ijisho, ifasha mu kugarura ijisho hasi. |
| Rectus yo hagati | Iherereye imbere uvuye mu mazuru. Ifasha kwerekeza ijisho ku mazuru (imbere). |
| Uruti rw'imbere rw'umugongo | Iherereye mu gutwi (hanze). Ifasha mu kwerekeza ijisho mu gutwi (hanze). |
| Imitsi ya Oblique - Imitsi ibiri iri ku mpande | |
| Icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa Superior Oblique | Ibi biragoye gato. Bikora nk'imashini. Bifasha kuzunguruka ijisho no kurisubiza inyuma. |
| Ibara ry'Inyuma | Iyi mitsi ifasha kuzunguruka ijisho hejuru no hanze. |
Iyi mitsi ikora ite?
Iyi mitsi itandatu yo mu jisho ntikora yonyine. Ikora mu buryo bubiri . Iyo imitsi imwe ikuruye ijisho ku ruhande rumwe, imitsi yo ku rundi ruhande irarinanura icyarimwe. Niyo mpamvu dushobora kwimura amaso yacu neza kandi tuyagenzura.
Kandi hari ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi. Amaso yacu agomba guhindukirira hamwe, mu cyerekezo kimwe. Ibi byitwa "gushyira hamwe." Nk'uko inka ebyiri zifatanye, amaso yacu agenzurwa n'ubwonko kugira ngo ahindukire mu cyerekezo kimwe. Niyo mpamvu ingendo z'amaso yacu zihuzwa.
Imitsi igenzura imitsi
Iyi mitsi ntishobora gukora ubwayo. Ikeneye ibimenyetso biva mu bwonko. Ibi bimenyetso biva mu mitsi itatu y'ingenzi (Imitsi yo mu bwonko) iva mu gahanga kacu.
| Umutima (izina) | Kugenzura imitsi |
|---|---|
| Umutsi wo mu bwonko wa gatatu (Oculomotor nerve) | Igenzura imitsi yose ine: Superior rectus, Inferior rectus, Medial rectus, na Inferior oblique. |
| Umutsi wo mu mutwe IV (umutsi wo mu bwoko bwa Trochlear) | Igenzura gusa imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa oblique. |
| Imitsi ya Cranial VI / Abducens nervice | Igenzura gusa imitsi yo mu gice cyo hagati cy'umugongo. |
Indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi y'amaso
Ibibazo bigira ingaruka ku mitsi y'amaso bishobora kuza mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi.
1. Indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi ubwayo.
2. Indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi igenzura imitsi.
Byongeye kandi, ibikomere ku jisho, mu maso, cyangwa ku mutwe nabyo bishobora kwangiza imitsi. Hari igihe kuvunika umutwe bishobora gutuma imitsi ifatwa n'imvune. Ibi byitwa "entrapment." Ibi ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi kuko iyo imitsi idafunguwe vuba kandi ikabagwa, bishobora kwangirika burundu.
Indwara ziterwa n'imitsi
Zimwe muri izi zishobora kuba indwara zikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo, cyangwa zishobora no kugaragara mu gihe cy'ubuzima.
- Indwara zigabanya imitsi nka `Myotonic dystrophy`
- Indwara y'amaso ya Tiroyide cyangwa indwara ya Graves
- Strabismus cyangwa Amblyopia
- Indwara zo kubyimba mu mitsi (Myositis)
- Kanseri zidasanzwe cyane
Indwara zifitanye isano n'imitsi
Imitsi y'amaso ishingiye cyane ku miyoboro y'ubwonko, bityo ikintu cyose cyangiza ubwonko cyangwa iyi mitsi gishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaso.
- `Myasthenia gravis`
- "Multiple sclerosis"
- Ibitero by'indwara ya stroke n'indwara y'imisemburo y'igihe gito (TIAs)
- Ibibyimba cyangwa kanseri yo mu bwonko cyangwa mu mitsi
- Kwangirika kw'imitsi guterwa n'indwara nka Lyme
- Indwara zo mu mutwe
- Indwara ya Parkinson
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi bibazo?
Iyo hari ikibazo ku mitsi y'amaso, ibimenyetso bitandukanye bishobora kubaho. Bimwe bifitanye isano itaziguye no kugenda kw'amaso. Ibindi biterwa nuko amaso adakorana neza.
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Kureba kabiri (Diplopia) | Kubona ikintu kimwe nk'ibiri. Iki ni cyo kimenyetso gikunze kugaragara. |
| Ptosis (ikibyimba cy'amaso kimanuka) | Kugaragara kw'ijisho ryo hejuru rimanuka mu jisho rimwe cyangwa yombi. |
| Ingendo z'amaso zitagenzuwe (Nystagmus) | Ingendo z'amaso zihuta, nk'aho zigenda ziguruka ziva ku ruhande rumwe zijya ku rundi cyangwa hirya no hino. |
| Kudashobora gukomeza guhanga amaso | Ibintu nk'ibyo mu gihe cy'icyorezo. |
| Kubabara amaso | Ububabare, cyane cyane iyo urimo kwimura amaso. |
| Kureba nabi | Ntabwo bigaragara neza. |
| Kuzungera no kugira isesemi | Kuzungera, kuribwa umutwe, no kugira isesemi bishobora kubaho kuko ibimenyetso biva mu maso bijya mu bwonko bitajyanye. |
Igihe hakenewe ubufasha bwihuse ku muganga
Ibibazo by'imitsi y'amaso rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye kurushaho. Kubwibyo, gana muganga cyangwa ujye kwa muganga wita ku barwayi ba ETU (ETU) vuba niba uhuye n'ibi bikurikira:
Mu gihe nk'iki, ntugatinde. Guvurwa vuba bishobora gukumira kwangirika gukomeye.
- Niba imyenge y'amaso yawe ihindutse mu buryo butunguranye: niba ubonye kabiri mu buryo butunguranye, niba udashobora guhindukiza ijisho rimwe ugana ku ruhande rumwe.
- Nyuma y'impanuka ku mutwe cyangwa mu maso: Niba uhura n'ingorane zo kwimura amaso yawe cyangwa kureba kabiri nyuma yo kugwa cyangwa gukomereka.
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso bikurikira by'indwara yo mu bwonko:Urugero, iyo umunwa wawe uhindukiye ujya ku ruhande rumwe, igikumwe cyangwa ikirenge biracika intege, cyangwa ukagorwa no kuvuga hamwe n'impinduka mu kureba kwawe.
Ni gute nakora kugira ngo imitsi y'amaso yanjye ikomeze kuba myiza?
Hari ibintu byoroshye dushobora gukora kugira ngo turinde amaso yacu n'imitsi y'amaso yacu.
- Suzuma amaso yawe buri gihe: Gusuzumwa amaso na muganga w’amaso w’inzobere byibuze rimwe mu mwaka bishobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo bimwe na bimwe mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara.
- Rinda amaso yawe: Ambara indorerwamo zikwiye mu gihe ukora akazi kateje akaga, urugero nko gusudira, gusya, gukata ibiti, no gukina siporo nka cricket. Ndetse n'impanuka ntoya ishobora kwangiza imitsi y'amaso burundu.
Urangije gusoma iyi nkuru, imitsi y'amaso yawe ishobora kuba imaze kwimuka incuro ibihumbi. Ni yo mpamvu iyo mitsi ari ingenzi ku buzima bwacu. Niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi cyane kuyiyitaho.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ufite imitsi itandatu igenzura buri jisho. Iyi mitsi ikora mu buryo bubiri kugira ngo ijisho rigende neza.
- Ibibazo ku mitsi y'amaso bishobora guterwa n'indwara y'imitsi ubwayo, indwara y'imitsi, cyangwa impanuka.
- Niba ubonye amaso abiri mu buryo butunguranye, udashobora kwimura amaso, cyangwa ukagira impinduka mu kureba nyuma yo gukomereka ku mutwe, ni impanuka. Shaka muganga ako kanya.
- Ni ngombwa cyane kwipimisha amaso buri gihe no kuyarinda mu bihe bikomeye.
- Niba ufite impungenge ku bijyanye no kureba cyangwa kugenda kw'amaso yawe, ntugatinye kubibwira muganga wawe.
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