Reka twige ku bushobozi bwiza bw'umwana wawe bwo gukoresha imitsi.

Ese wigeze ubona umwana wawe arwana no gutoragura igikinisho gito? Cyangwa uburyo arwana no gupfunyika imishumi y'inkweto ze? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku bushobozi butangaje kandi bugoye buri inyuma y'iyi mirimo yoroshye dukora kenshi mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Mu mvugo z'ubuvuzi, ibi tubyita ubuhanga bwiza bwo gufata imitsi.

Mu magambo make, ubwo bumenyi bwiza bw'imitsi ni ubuhe?

Mu magambo make, ibi bivuga ku ngendo nziza, zisobanutse neza, kandi zigenzurwa dukora n'amaboko yacu, intoki, amano, n'amano. Iyo tuvuze ibi, akenshi dutekereza ku maboko n'intoki. Nk'aho ukoresha urutoki rwawe rw'icyitegererezo n'igikumwe kugira ngo ufate ikintu gito.

Ariko iki si ikindi kintu gusa. Iki ni igikorwa kigoye cyane. Ubwonko bwacu, imitsi, imitsi, n'ingingo byose bikorana, nk'itsinda ry'umuziki, kandi bigakorana neza kugira ngo bikore izi ngendo zitoroshye.

Hari ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi kuri ubu buryo bwo kugenzura neza moteri:

• Kumenya no gutegura: Gutekereza ku kintu mbere yo kugikora no gutegura ingendo zikenewe mu mutwe wawe.
• Guhuza: Kugira isano nziza hagati y'amaso, ubwonko n'imitsi.
• Imbaraga z'imitsi: Imitsi mito mu ntoki no mu biganza irakomeye bihagije.
• Uburyo rusange bwo kumva: Ukumva neza gukorakora mu biganza no mu ntoki.
• Ubuhanga/Ubuhanga: Ubushobozi bwo gukora icyo usabwa neza kandi neza.

Ibibazo by’ubuhanga mu mitsi bishobora kubaho mu myaka iyo ari yo yose. Ariko nk'abaganga, tubitaho cyane iyo tuvuze ku mikurire y'umwana . Hari ibice bine by'ingenzi by'imikurire y'umwana. Ubu buhanga mu mitsi ni ubwa mbere.

1. Iterambere ry'umubiri

2. Iterambere ry'ubwenge

3. Guteza imbere ururimi

4. Iterambere ry'imibereho n'amarangamutima

Tureba neza imikurire y'umwana kugira ngo turebe niba ubwo bumenyi burimo gukura mu myaka ikwiye no mu buryo bukwiye. Kubera ko gutinda kuri ubwo bumenyi rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara y'imitsi cyangwa iy'umubiri. Rero uko tumenya ikintu nk'icyo vuba, ni ko turushaho kubona ubufasha akeneye vuba.

Kuki ubu buhanga ari ingenzi cyane?

Tekereza gato... Ubuzima bwacu bwari kuba bumeze bute iyo tutagira ubwo bumenyi bwiza bwo gukoresha imiyoboro y'amaraso? Kuva mu koza amenyo mu gitondo, kurya umuceri, guteka ikawa, kwambara ishati, no kohereza ubutumwa kuri telefoni yacu, dukeneye ubwo bushobozi hafi ya bwose dukora.

Ubu buhanga ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo twigenge kandi twiteho . Bunakenewe no mu byo dukora kugira ngo twishimishe, nko gucuranga igikoresho cya muzika, gushushanya, cyangwa gukina imikino yo kuri mudasobwa.

Ku mwana, ibi ni ingenzi ku kazi ko ku ishuri. Ubu bushobozi ni ingenzi ku bintu nko gufata ikaramu no kwandika, gukata n'imikasi, no gushushanya. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo n'imirimo myinshi dukora nk'abantu bakuru isaba ubwo bushobozi. Tekereza ku muntu ukoresha mudasobwa, umuganga ubaga, cyangwa umutekinisiye ukora ibikoresho byoroshye.

Ni ubuhe buhanga bwo gukoresha imiyoboro myiza mu buzima bwa buri munsi?

Reka turebe imbonerahamwe iri hepfo kugira ngo turebe imirimo dukora buri munsi n'uburyo isaba ubwo bushobozi.

Uburyo ubuhanga bw'umwana mu mikorere y'umubiri bukura bitewe n'imyaka ye (Iterambere ry'Imiterere)

Mu gihe cy'imikurire y'umwana, ubushobozi bumwe na bumwe burakura mu myaka runaka. Ibyo tubyita 'Intambwe z'Imikurire'. Ariko ibuka ibi, abana bose si bamwe . Hari abana bashobora gufata igihe kirekire kugira ngo babigereho. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Ariko ibi bizagufasha kubona igitekerezo gifatika.

Ni gute twafasha umwana wacu guteza imbere ubwo bushobozi?

Mu by’ukuri, uburyo bwiza bwo guteza imbere ubuhanga bw’umwana mu mikorere y’umubiri ni ukumureka akina . Mu gihe akina, umwana aba arimo kwitoza ubwo buhanga atabizi. Ushobora gukora ibintu byoroshye nk’ibi hamwe n’umwana wawe.

Ku bana bato/abana bato

• Ibikinisho bya Play-doh (ibumba): Gukora imipira mito muri Play-doh, kuyisya no kuyikora imizunguruko miremire ni imyitozo myiza ku ntoki.
• Gukina n'udukingirizo: Kubaka iminara ushyira udukingirizo tunini hejuru y'utundi hanyuma ukadufata bitera imbere ubuhanga bwo gukoresha amaboko.
• Gukina amazi: Shyira amazi mu gikombe, shyiramo ikiyiko hanyuma ureke gikase. Ni byiza kandi gusuka amazi mu bikombe.
• Gushushanya intoki: Iki ni ikintu abana bakunda cyane gukora. Bituma intoki zigira ibyiyumvo byiza kandi zikagenzura.

Ku bana b'incuke

• Gutera imishumi: Bahe imishumi ifite imyobo minini n'umugozi munini hanyuma ubareke bayitere imishumi. Ibi bifasha guteza imbere guhuza intoki n'amaso.
• Gukata ukoresheje imikasi: Ha abana imikasi y'umutekano hanyuma ubareke bace ku mpapuro zitondetse. Banza witoze gukata imirongo yoroshye, hanyuma ushyiremo imiterere nk'uruziga n'impandeshatu.
• Ibikinisho bya Lego: Guteranya no gukata ibice bito bya Lego ni byiza cyane kugira ngo urutoki rukomere kandi rugire ubuziranenge.
• Ubufasha mu guteka: Shyira umwana wawe mu mirimo yoroshye nko gukaranga ifu ya chapati cyangwa gukata imboga n'intoki.

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo gukoresha imiyoboro y'umubiri?

Nkuko twabiganiriyeho mbere, ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kigira ingaruka ku bwonko, uruti rw'umugongo, imitsi, imitsi, cyangwa ingingo gishobora kugira ingaruka kuri ubu buhanga bwo gukora imitsi. Ingaruka zishobora kuva ku nto kugeza ku zikomeye. Bishobora gufata igihe kirekire gukanda buto, cyangwa ntibishoboke na gato.

Hari indwara amagana zishobora gutera ibi. Zimwe muri zo zishobora gukira cyangwa kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe imiti. Zimwe muri zo zishobora no guteza ibibazo bidashira.

Zimwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara ku bana ni izi:

• Indwara ya Autism Spectrum
• Indwara yo mu bwonko itera indwara ya cerebral palsy
• Gutinda mu iterambere
• Indwara ya Down Syndrome
• Ingorane zo kwandika (Dysgraphia)
• Indwara yo Gutunganya Ibitekerezo

Indwara zikunze kwibasira abantu bakuru n'abana:

• Indwara z'uturemangingo
• Ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko
• Kurwara kw'imitsi
• Ibikomere ku magufwa, ingingo, cyangwa imitsi
• Igisebe cy'imitsi
• Ihungabana ry'ubwonko

Indwara zisanzwe mu bantu bakuru:

• Rumatizime
• Indwara ya Carpal Tunnel
• Indwara ya Parkinson
• Indwara yo mu mutwe (Dementia)
• Indwara y'imitsi ifata intoki n'ibirenge (peripheral neuropathy)

Ni iki nakora niba hari ikibazo? Ni ryari nkwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Bishobora gutera ikibazo mu ntangiriro kumenya ko wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ikibazo cyo gukoresha ubwo buhanga bwo gukora imitsi. Ariko icyiza ni uko hari uburyo bwinshi n'ibikoresho byo guhangana n'ibi bibazo no koroshya imirimo ya buri munsi.

Hari inzobere ishobora kugufasha muri ibi. Uwo ni umuvuzi w’imiti. Bafasha abantu b’ingeri zose kunoza ubushobozi bwabo bwo gukora imirimo ya buri munsi ku giti cyabo kandi byoroshye. Bazakwigisha imyitozo ngororamubiri, ibikorwa n’ibikoresho byihariye ushobora gukoresha mu rugo.

Igihe cyo kubonana na muganga wawe:

• Niba ubona ko umwana wawe adashoboye kugera ku ntambwe z'iterambere zijyanye n'imyaka ye , ntugatinye kuvugana n'umuganga w'abana kuri ibi. Azagukorera ibizamini bikenewe kandi aguhe inama zikwiye.
• Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mutakaje ubuhanga bari bazi neza (regression) , bivuze ko batagishobora gukora ikintu bari bazi neza mbere, ni ikibazo kigomba guhita kimenyeshwa muganga , kuko gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye yihishe inyuma.

Wibuke ko ubu buhanga bwo gukora imitsi ni ikintu gikura buhoro buhoro kuva umwana akivuka. Ubu buhanga bukura binyuze mu kwemerera umwana gukina no gushakisha ibidukikije. Nk'ababyeyi, dushobora kongeramo ibikorwa byoroshye kandi bishimishije bifasha muri ibi. Niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa ibibazo, ntugatinye kuvugana na muganga.