Ese kuruka amaraso ni ikibazo gikomeye? Reka twige ku ndwara ya Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)!

Ese umwana wawe amaze iminsi mike arwaye impiswi? Buri mubyeyi na se yagira ubwoba aramutse abonye amaraso make mu mwanda we? Akenshi, bibazwa ko ari ububabare bworoheje mu nda, ariko rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'indwara ikomeye kurushaho. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, cyangwa HUS mu magambo ahinnye, ni indwara ikomeye ishobora kubaho, cyane cyane nyuma yo kwandura bagiteri E. coli. Reka tuyige mu buryo bworoshye kandi bunoze.

Mu magambo make, HUS ni iki?

Tekereza ku miyoboro y'amaraso mu mibiri yacu nk'urusobe rw'imihanda. Iyi mihanda niho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura dutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri wose. Mu ndwara yitwa HUS, amaraso afungana agahita afungwa mu miyoboro mito y'amaraso (capillaries), cyane cyane mu mpyiko . Ni nk'umuyoboro w'amazi ufunganye n'umwanda n'amazi.

Iyo imiyoboro y'amaraso izibye muri ubu buryo, ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi bibaho:

1. Hemolytic Anemia: Uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso tugerageza kunyura mu mitsi ifunganye turafata, tugacika intege, hanyuma tugacika. Ibi bituma ingano y’amaraso mu mubiri igabanuka, bivuze ko amaraso adahagije.

2. Kugabanuka kw'umubare wa platelets (Thrombocytopenia): Utu tunyangingo duto dufasha kubumba amaraso dukoreshwa mu kubumba amaraso biba mu mitsi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umubare usanzwe wa platelets mu maraso uragabanuka.

3. Impyiko Zinanirwa: Kubera ko impyiko zidahabwa amaraso ahagije kandi imiyoboro y'amaraso ikaba yangiritse, impyiko ntizishobora kuyungurura neza imyanda iva mu mibiri yacu no kuyisohora nk'inkari. Ibi bishobora gutuma impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza mu buryo butunguranye.

Ni iyihe mpamvu nyamukuru itera HUS?

Akenshi, hafi 90% by'igihe, HUS iterwa na bagiteri yitwa E. coli (Escherichia coli), ikora uburozi bwitwa Shiga toxin . Iyi bagiteri yinjira mu mibiri yacu inyuze mu biryo byanduye, bidatetse neza cyangwa amazi yanduye.

Tekereza kuri ibi. Urimo kurira muri resitora n'umuryango wawe. Niba urya inyama z'inka zidatetse neza (cyane cyane inyama z'inka ziseye), amata cyangwa foromaje bitaraseye, cyangwa salade cyangwa imboga zitarasukurwa, bishobora kuba birimo bagiteri ya E. coli.

Iyo iyi bagiteri yinjiye mu mubiri, itera ububabare mu gifu no gucibwamo amazi mu minsi mike. Mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, iyi bagiteri iba impiswi irimo amaraso.Uburozi bwa Shiga bukorwa na bagiteri bwangiza inkuta z'amara yacu kandi bugatera kuva amaraso. Ubu burozi buhita bwinjira mu maraso bugatembera mu mubiri wose, bukangiza imiyoboro mito y'amaraso mu mpyiko. Uku niko HUS itangira.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwa HUS?

Yego, HUS ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi.

• HUS "Isanzwe": Iyi ni yo ndwara tumaze kuvugaho kugeza ubu, ikunze guterwa n'indwara ya bagiteri nka E. coli.
• HUS idasanzwe (aHUS): Iyi ni ubwoko budasanzwe. Iterwa n'ubusembwa bw'uturemangingo. Ibi bivuze ko ishobora kuragwa n'ababyeyi ku bana. Aba bantu bashobora kurwara HUS mu buryo butunguranye, kabone n'iyo baba barwaye ibicurane cyangwa ibicurane.
• HUS ya kabiri: Ibi bibaho nk'ingaruka mbi z'indi ndwara (urugero: kanseri) cyangwa imiti imwe n'imwe (urugero: imiti irwanya kanseri, imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri).

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya HUS? Ipimwa ite?

Ibimenyetso bya HUS bikunze kugaragara mu byiciro bibiri. Ubwa mbere, ibimenyetso bijyanye n'ubwandu bw'amara biragaragara. Hanyuma, ibimenyetso bikomeye bijyanye na HUS biragaragara.

Ni ryari ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga?

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ibi bimenyetso, mugomba kujya kwa muganga mu ishami ryita ku bibazo byihutirwa (ETU) vuba .

• Impiswi imara iminsi irenga itatu.
• Impiswi irimo amaraso.
• Iyo inkari zawe zigabanuka cyane.
• Iyo umwana afite uruhu kandi ananiwe cyane.
• Niba umubiri wabyimbye.

Ni gute abaganga bemeza ko HUS ihagaze?

Umuganga ugusuzuma azagutega amatwi witonze ibimenyetso byawe hanyuma agategeka ko hakorwa ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo yemeze ko HUS yanduye.

• Ibizamini by'amaraso: Ibi bishobora gusuzuma niba uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso turi hasi ndetse n'ingano ya platelet, ndetse n'imikorere y'impyiko (creatinine, urea, nibindi).
• Isesengura ry'inkari: Isuzuma ry'amaraso cyangwa poroteyine mu nkari.
• Isuzuma ry'umwanda: Isuzuma niba hari bagiteri nka E. coli O157 mu mwanda.
• Gupima impyiko: Hari igihe hashobora kuba ngombwa ko hafatwa agace gato cyane k'impyiko kagapimwa kugira ngo hamenyekane niba koko ari indwara.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura HUS?

HUS ni indwara isaba kujya mu bitaro . Ntishobora kuvurirwa mu rugo. Iyi ni yo miti y'ingenzi ivurirwa mu bitaro.

1. Tanga umunyu n'indyo: Impiswi no kuruka bishobora gutera umwuma mu mubiri binyuze mu gukura amazi n'imyunyu mu mubiri. Kugira ngo wirinde ibi, umunyu (amazi yo mu mutwe) utangwa binyuze mu mitsi. Iyo udashobora kurya, unyuzwa mu muyoboro.

2. Gutera amaraso n'udupira tw'amaraso:Amaraso atangwa iyo umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso uri hasi cyane (anemia). Amabara aterwa mu maraso atangwa iyo umubare w'amabara akoreshwa mu maraso uri hasi cyane kandi hakaba hari ibyago byo kuva amaraso.

3. Dialysis: Iyo impyiko zidakomeye cyane ku buryo zitabasha gukura imyanda mu mubiri, dialysis, imashini isukura amaraso, ni ngombwa. Ibi akenshi biba ari igikorwa cy'igihe gito. Dialysis ishobora guhagarikwa iyo impyiko zongeye gukora.

4. Imiti yihariye: Ku bwoko budasanzwe nka HUS idasanzwe (aHUS), imiti yihariye nka eculizumab cyangwa ravulizumab irakoreshwa.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo twirinde HUS?

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda HUS ni ukwita ku tuntu duto duto mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.

• Menya neza ko wogeje intoki zawe neza n'isabune mbere yo gutegura ibiryo na nyuma yo kuva mu bwiherero.
• Teka inyama, amafi n'amagi neza. Teka inyama ziseye, cyane cyane inyama ziseye, kugeza zihiye neza imbere.
• Oza imboga mbisi, imbuto, na salade neza n'amazi meza.
• Irinde kunywa amata adakoreshejwe pasteurized/amata mabi, ibikomoka ku mata, n'ibinyobwa by'imbuto.
• Ntugakoreshe ibibaho byo gukata, ibyuma, cyangwa ibindi bintu bikoreshwa mu guteka inyama mbisi cyangwa amafi. Karaba kandi ubisukure neza nyuma yo kubikoresha.
• Irinde koga mu bigega byanduye, imigezi n'imigezi.
• Niba ufite impiswi, irinde kujya muri pisine.

HUS ni indwara iteye ubwoba. Ariko iyo igaragaye hakiri kare, ikavurwa kandi igakira vuba, abantu barenga 85% bakira burundu . Kwangirika kw'impyiko akenshi biba iby'igihe gito. Rero icy'ingenzi ni ukumenya ibimenyetso no gushaka inama kwa muganga vuba bishoboka.