Ese ufite ibimenyetso bidasanzwe biterwa n'urugero ruto rwa kalisiyumu mu mubiri wawe? Bishobora kuba ari hypoparathyroidism!

Ese hari igihe wumva ububabare bw'umubiri butari busobanuwe? Ese ingingo zawe zigenda zicika intege? Cyangwa wumva gusa uruhu rwawe rurimo kugenda gusa? Imwe mu mpamvu zibitera ishobora kuba indwara yitwa hypoparathyroidism, tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Ntugahangayike, nubwo iyi ari indwara idakunze kugaragara, ishobora gukumirwa iyo imenyekanye kandi ikavurwa neza. Reka tubiganireho birambuye.

Hypoparathyroidism ni iki?

Muri make, hypoparathyroidism ni igihe amaraso yawe akora imisemburo mike cyane ya Parathyroid (PTH) cyangwa ntayo akoze. Iyi misemburo ni ingenzi mu kugena urugero rwa kalisiyumu na fosifore mu mubiri wawe. Rero, iyo urugero rwa PTH rwawe ruri hasi, urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe ruragabanuka - tubyita hypocalcemia - kandi urugero rwa fosifore mu maraso yawe ruriyongera.

Iyi ndwara akenshi iba idakira , bivuze ko ishobora kumara ubuzima bwose. Ariko, hari ubwo ishobora no kumera neza by'agateganyo.

None se izi gland za parathyroid ni iki?

Tekereza, imbere mu ijosi ryacu, mu ishusho y'ikinyugunyugu, hari Gland ya Thyroid. Inyuma y'iyo Gland ya Thyroid, hari imisemburo ine, akenshi ingana n'agashaza gato. Iyi yitwa Gland ya Parathyroid . Iyi ni imwe mu bigize Sisitemu y'Imisemburo, ikora imisemburo mu mubiri wacu.

Hari igihe izi mvubura enye zishobora kuba ahandi mu ijosi, mu gituza, cyangwa ndetse no ku muhogo. Izi mvubura zitwa ectopic parathyroid glands .

Akamaro nyamukuru k'utu dukoko twa parathyroid ni ugukora imisemburo ya parathyroid (PTH). Iyi PTH niyo ituma urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yacu ruguma ku rugero rukwiye.

• Iyo PTH igabanutse: Kalisiyumu mu maraso iragabanuka (Hypocalcemia).
• Iyo PTH yiyongere: Kalisiyumu mu maraso iriyongera (Hypercalcemia).

Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo iyi hormone ya PTH inafasha mu kugenzura urugero rwa fosifore na vitamine D mu maraso no mu magufwa.

Kalisiyumu ni iki? Ni iki ikora ku mibiri yacu?

Kalisiyumu ni imyunyu ngugu y'ingenzi ku mibiri yacu. Wari uzi ko inyinshi muri kalisiyumu mu mibiri yacu ibikwa mu magufwa yacu? Ariko, hagomba kuba hari ingano runaka ya kalisiyumu mu maraso.

Reka turebere hamwe ibintu by'ingenzi bitari kalisiyumu mu maraso:

• Bifasha sisitemu yacu y'imitsi gukora neza .
• Bifasha imitsi gufunga no kuruhuka . Ibi nibyo bidufasha kwimura amaguru n'amaboko no kugenda.
• Iyo twagize imvune tukava amaraso, bifasha amaraso kuzura .
• Ni ngombwa kugira ngo umutima wacu ukore neza .

Noneho usobanukiwe uburyo hypocalcemia (calcium nke mu maraso) iterwa na hypoparathyroidism ishobora kugira ingaruka kuri byinshi. Calcium nayo irakenewe kugira ngo amagufwa akomeze gukomera. Ariko hypocalcemia ni ukugabanuka kwa calcium mu maraso, ntabwo ari ukugabanuka kwa calcium mu magufwa.

Ese hypoparathyroidism ishobora gutera ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi?

Yego rwose. Kalisiyumu na Fosifore ni ubwoko bubiri bwa electrolyte . Electrolyte ni imyunyungugu ifite ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu mibiri yacu kandi igira uruhare mu mirimo myinshi y'ingenzi. Mu ndwara ya hypoparathyroidism, kalisiyumu mu maraso iragabanuka kandi fosifore yiyongera, bigatuma habaho ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi. Ni ngombwa cyane kubikosora.

Hari ikindi kintu kimwe. Manyeziyumu ni indi electrolyte y'ingenzi. Iyo urugero rwa manyeziyumu mu maraso rugabanutse (Hypomagnesemia) , bishobora no kuba impamvu yo kudakora neza kwa manyeziyumu. Kubera ko manyeziyumu ari ingenzi kugira ngo imiterere y'uturemangingo twa parathyroid ikore neza.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Hypoparathyroidism na Hyperparathyroidism?

Aya mazina yombi asa gato, bityo ashobora gutera urujijo. Mu buvuzi, interuro "Hypo" isobanura "muto" cyangwa "ntahagije". Interuro "Hyper" isobanura "byinshi" cyangwa "byinshi."

• Hypoparathyroidism: Uturemangingo twa parathyroid ntidukora imisemburo ya parathyroid (PTH) ihagije, bigatuma urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso rugabanuka.
• Hyperparathyroidism: Uturemangingo twa parathyroid dukora PTH nyinshi cyane, bigatuma kalisiyumu yiyongera mu maraso.

Byoroshye, sibyo?

Ni nde urwara iyi ndwara yitwa hypoparathyroidism?

Ibi bishobora kubaho ku bantu bakuru ndetse no ku bana bato. Ariko nk'uko byavuzwe mbere, iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara .

• Ku bantu bakuru: Ibi bikunze guterwa no kwangirika ku bw’impanuka kw’uturemangingo twa parathyroid mu gihe cyo kubagwa ijosi - urugero, kubagwa kwa tiroyide.
• Ku bana: Ibi bikunze guterwa n'indwara y'uturemangingo yitwa DiGeorge Syndrome ku bana.

Ndetse no mu gihugu nka Amerika, iki kibazo bivugwa ko kibasira abantu batageze ku bihumbi magana abiri. Rero mu gihugu cyacu, gishobora kuba gito kurushaho.

Ni izihe mpamvu nyamukuru zitera hypoparathyroidism?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera.

• Kwangirika kw'uturemangingo twa parathyroid: Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikunze kugaragara. Hafi 75 ku ijana (75%) byaAbarwayi bagira iyi ndwara iyo imisemburo yangiritse ku bw'impanuka mu gihe cyo kubagwa ijosi cyangwa imisemburo ya tiroyide. Hari igihe iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho imyaka myinshi nyuma yo kubagwa. Ariko akenshi, itangira nyuma gato yo kubagwa. Hypoparathyroidism ibaho muri ubu buryo akenshi iba ari iy'igihe gito, ariko kuri bamwe ishobora kuba iy'igihe kirekire. Kuvura imirasire ntabwo byakwangiza iyi misebe.

• Indwara za genetiki: Munsi ya icumi ku ijana (10%) by'abarwayi baterwa n'indwara za genetiki. Ikunze kugaragara cyane muri izi ndwara ni DiGeorge Syndrome . Iyi ni indwara ya genetiki ya chromosome. Abana bavukanye iyi ndwara ntibagira imiterere ya parathyroid. Rero, kubera ko idakora PTH, bagira hypoparathyroidism idakira. Hafi 60% by'abana bafite hypoparathyroidism bivugwa ko bafite DiGeorge Syndrome. Ishobora kandi guterwa n'izindi ndwara za genetiki zijyanye no kutumva no kurwara impyiko.

• Indwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri: Hari igihe ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bwacu bwibasira imiterere y’uturemangingo twa parathyroid. Indwara ya polyglandular syndrome yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ni imwe muri izo ndwara. Ibi bitera hypoparathyroidism idakira. Ishobora kandi guterwa n’indwara zitwa indwara ya Addison na anemia itera indwara .

• Indwara zo kwinjira mu mubiri: Mu ndwara zimwe na zimwe, ibintu nka icyuma (nk'uko bimeze kuri hemochromatosis) na umuringa (nk'uko bimeze kuri Wilson's disease) bishobora kwirundanya mu ngirabuzimafatizo za parathyroid. Nanone, kanseri zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwangiza imikorere y'izi ngirabuzimafatizo, bigatera hypoparathyroidism.

• Igipimo gito cya Manyeziyumu: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, Manyeziyumu ni ingenzi kugira ngo imiterere y'uturemangingo twa parathyroid ikore neza. Igipimo gito cya Manyeziyumu mu maraso (hypomagnesemia) gishobora gutera hypoparathyroidism. Ibi byitwa hypoparathyroidism ikora . Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara iyo urugero rwa Manyeziyumu rwongeye kugaruka.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya hypoparathyroidism?

Akenshi, iyi ndwara ikura buhoro buhoro. Kubwibyo, ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bitagaragara neza. Hari n'abantu batazi ko bafite iyi ndwara imyaka myinshi.

Ibi ni ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara muri rusange:

• Kuryamirana mu minwa, mu ntoki no mu mano.
• Kubabara imitsi.Ese wibuka rimwe na rimwe ugira ubwoya ku maguru nijoro? Ibintu nk'ibyo, ariko iyo bikunze kubaho, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uku kubura kwa kalisiyumu.
• Kubabara imitsi (Tetany).
• Ububabare bwo mu nda.
• "Ubwonko bugarijwe n'ibicu" ni indwara ituma ugira ingorane zo kwibanda ku kintu runaka no kumva udafite aho uhera.
• Ugutera kw'umutima kutumvikana neza (Arrhythmia).
• Inzara zigoye.
• Umusatsi wumye n'uruhu rwumye kandi rufite ibibyimba.
• Kugaragara kwa cataract.
• Kugabanuka kw'amenyo mu bana.

Ni gute abaganga bamenya iyi ndwara?

Ubusanzwe icyorezo cya hypoparathyroidism gikekwa kandi cyemezwa iyo ibizamini byerekanye ko urugero rwa kalisiyumu na hormone ya parathyroid (PTH) mu maraso y'umuntu ruri hasi.

Kubera ko ibimenyetso biba bitagaragara cyane, abaganga rimwe na rimwe babibona "mu buryo butunguranye." Ni ukuvuga ko batangira kubishakisha gusa iyo babonye kalisiyumu nke mu maraso mu gihe cyo gupima amaraso ku yindi ndwara isanzwe.

Iyo byemejwe ko umuntu afite imisemburo ya PTH nkeya na kalisiyumu mu maraso ye kabiri mu mezi atandatu, bifatwa nk'indwara idakira ya hypoparathyroidism .

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibizamini bikorwa kuri ibi?

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, muganga wawe azagusuzuma maze akubaze ibimenyetso byawe, amateka y'ubuzima bwawe n'imiti ufata.

Byongeye kandi, kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira bishobora gukorwa:

• Isuzuma ry'amaraso rya hormone ya parathyroid (PTH).
• Isuzuma ry'amaraso ya kalisiyumu.
• Isuzuma ry'amaraso ya fosifore.
• Isuzuma ry'amaraso ya manyeziyumu.
• Ikizamini cy'inkari mu masaha 24: Iki gipimo gipima ingano ya kalisiyumu isohoka mu nkari.

Hari igihe, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko hakorwa ibizamini birambuye kugira ngo arebe ingaruka zikomeye zishobora guterwa n'iyi ndwara. Urugero:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG cyangwa EKG): Isuzuma niba umutima utari umeze neza.
• Gupima imiterere y'umubiri (CT scan): Gusuzuma niba hari calcium iri mu bwonko (Brain Calcifications).

Ibi bivurwa bite?

Intego nyamukuru yo kuvura hypoparathyroidism ni ukugabanya ibimenyetso no gusubiza urugero rwa kalisiyumu n'indi myunyu ngugu mu mubiri wawe ku rugero rukwiye.

Ibi bikurikira bishobora gukorwa nk'ubuvuzi:

• Gutanga inyunganiramirire ya Calcium Carbonate na Vitamine D:Abantu benshi bafite hypoparathyroidism bazakenera gufata ibinini bya kalisiyumu na vitamine D cyangwa ibinyobwa ubuzima bwabo bwose. Iyi ni yo nzira nyamukuru kandi ya mbere yo kuvura iyi ndwara. Vitamine D ni ingenzi kugira ngo imibiri yacu ishobore kwinjiza kalisiyumu neza. Niba rero ufite hypoparathyroidism, uzakenera gufata izi nyongeramusaruro zombi.
• Indyo irimo kalisiyumu nyinshi na fosifore nke: Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kurya ibiryo byinshi birimo kalisiyumu (amata, foromaje, yawurute, imboga mbisi) no kugabanya ibiryo birimo fosifore nyinshi (inyama zatunganyijwe, ibinyobwa nka cola). Ariko, kubera ko bigoye kubona kalisiyumu ihagije mu biribwa gusa, gufata inyongeramusaruro bishobora kuba ngombwa.
• Inshinge za Parathyroid (PTH): Niba inyongeramusaruro za kalisiyumu na vitamine D byonyine bitagenzura ikibazo cyawe, muganga wawe ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kuguha inshinge za parathyroid (PTH).

Ese hari ingaruka mbi zikomoka ku buvuzi?

Yego, rimwe na rimwe iyo ingano ya vitamine D na calcium itangwa mu kuvura ari nyinshi cyane, calcium mu maraso ishobora kwiyongera cyane. Ibi byitwa hypercalcemia . Ibi nabyo ni bibi ku mubiri. Kubwibyo, ugomba gupimwa amaraso buri gihe kugira ngo urebe niba ubuvuzi bwawe bukora neza kandi niba calcium yawe ari yo ikwiye.

Hari ibyago bike cyane byo kurwara kanseri y'amagufwa yitwa osteosarcoma iyo umuntu afashe inshinge za parathyroid hormone (PTH) igihe kirekire. Kubwibyo, abaganga basaba uru rushinge gusa mu bihe bikomeye cyane, iyo ubundi buryo bwo kuvura butagize icyo bugeraho.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera iyi ndwara?

Hari ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago byo kurwara hypoparathyroidism:

• Kuba narakorewe kubagwa ijosi cyangwa tiroyide vuba aha.
• Amateka y'umuryango w'abantu barwaye indwara z'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa parathyroid.
• Kugira indwara zimwe na zimwe zifata ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri zigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imisemburo, nka indwara ya Addison.

Ni iki giteganyijwe kugira ngo iyi ndwara igaragare?

Muri rusange, icyizere cyo kurwara hypoparathyroidism ni cyiza, cyane cyane iyo iyo ndwara imenyekanye hakiri kare kandi igatangira kuvurwa neza.

Ariko, niba iyi ndwara itera ibintu nka cataract, calcifications zo mu bwonko, ndetse n'impinduka mu menyo, biragoye kuyisubiza inyuma. Niyo mpamvu kuyimenya hakiri kare ari ingenzi.

Iki kibazo kizamara igihe kingana iki?

Akenshi, hypoparathyroidism ni indwara idakira, bivuze ko imara ubuzima bwose. Ariko, hypoparathyroidism ishobora no kuba iy'igihe gito bitewe n'impamvu zimwe na zimwe (urugero: kubura manyeziyumu, igihe gito nyuma yo kubagwa).

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'ibi?

Iyo hypoparathyroidism idavuwe neza, hashobora kubaho ingorane zitandukanye z'igihe kirekire:

• Ibibazo by'imikorere y'impyiko.
• Amabuye yo mu mpyiko.
• Indwara zo mu kanwa.
• Ubuso bwa kalisiyumu mu bice bitandukanye by'ubwonko.

Iyi ndwara, cyane cyane ku bana, ishobora gutera ingorane nka:

• Imikurire mibi.
• Ibibazo by'amenyo.
• Iterambere ry'ubwonko ritinda.

Ni ngombwa cyane kumenya ko niba urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso rugabanutse cyane kandi mu buryo butunguranye (Acute Hypocalcemia), iyo rudavuwe vuba, rushobora gutera indwara zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga nko gucika intege no kugorwa no guhumeka bitewe no kubabara mu mihogo . Niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso (urugero: kunyaragura cyane kw'imitsi, kuribwa mu nda), ugomba guhita ugana ibitaro biri hafi yawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

• Niba ufite ibimenyetso utekereza ko bishobora kuba ari hypoparathyroidism, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.
• Niba waramaze gufatwa na hypoparathyroidism, ugomba gusuzumwa urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe buri gihe nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse kugira ngo umenye neza ko uhabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye.
• Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bya hypocalcemia ikabije, nko kunyaragura cyane kw'imitsi cyangwa gukubita , jya kwa muganga wihuta.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Hypoparathyroidism ni indwara idakunze kugaragara, ariko iravurwa kandi irashobora gukemuka . Ibimenyetso rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba bitagaragara neza kandi bigoye kubimenya. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kubwira muganga wawe niba ufite ibintu bishobora gutera iyi ndwara (urugero, niba uherutse kubagwa ijosi cyangwa niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara ya parathyroid).

Gupima amaraso make byoroshye bishobora kugenzura urugero rwa hormone ya parathyroid (PTH) na kalisiyumu. Iyo ubimenye hakiri kare, ushobora gutangira kuvurwa neza, ukirinda ingorane, kandi ukabaho ubuzima bwiza. Rero, ntugatinye, ahubwo menya ibi. Niba ufite impungenge, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Hypoparathyroidism , Hypoparathyroidism, Parathyroid gland, Parathyroid hormone, PTH, Calcium, Hypocalcemia, Fosifore, Vitamine D, Electrolytes, Ibimenyetso, Uburyo bwo kuvura