Ese muganga wawe yakubwiye gupima isukari mu maraso? Cyangwa ufite ubwoba cyangwa amatsiko yo kubimenya bitewe n'uko hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe urwaye diyabete? Impamvu iyo ari yo yose, ni ingenzi cyane ko twese tumenya iki gipimo cy'isukari mu maraso, ni ukuvuga ikizamini cya glucose mu maraso. Uyu munsi rero, turaganira kuri byose mu buryo bworoshye cyane, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Mu magambo make, ikizamini cya glucose mu maraso ni iki?
Ibi biroroshye cyane. Iki kizamini gipima ingano ya glucose, cyangwa 'isukari' nkuko twese tubizi, mu maraso yawe. Ibi ahanini bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ufite indwara yitwa diyabete cyangwa utayifite.
Isukari ni isoko nyamukuru y'ingufu ku turemangingo tw'umubiri wacu. Ikorwa n'umwijima wacu, ndetse n'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa birimo karubohidrati turya. Iyi sukari inyuzwa mu maraso ikagera mu turemangingo twose tw'umubiri. Rero, ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yacu rugume ku rugero rwiza. Imisemburo nyamukuru idufasha kubigeraho ni insuline .
Iyo umubiri w'umuntu utanga insuline nkeya, cyangwa niba umubiri udashobora gukoresha insuline ikora neza, urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ruriyongera. Iyi ndwara twita hyperglycemia . Iki ni cyo kimenyetso nyamukuru cya diyabete.
Ni ubuhe buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gukora iki kizamini?
Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gupima isukari mu maraso. Ushobora kuba warabibonye byombi. Reka turebere hamwe ubu buryo bubiri.
| Uburyo bwo gupima | Ni iki kiri kuba? |
|---|---|
| Gufata igitonyanga cy'amaraso mu rutoki (Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso mu miyoboro y'amaraso) | Ubu buryo ni bwihuse cyane. Ufata urushinge ruto ku rutoki rwawe, ugafata igitonyanga cy'amaraso, ukagishyira ku murongo w'ikizamini, hanyuma ukagishyira mu gipimo cya glucose. Urashobora kubona ibisubizo mu masegonda make. Ku bana bato, ibi bikorwa ufata igitonyanga cy'amaraso ku gatsinsino. |
| Ikizamini cya glucose mu maraso yo mu mitsi/plasma | Ibi bikubiyemo gufata amaraso make mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe no kohereza icyitegererezo muri laboratwari. Ibi bikunze gukorwa hamwe n'ibindi bipimo by'amaraso (urugero: Itsinda ry'ibanze rya Metabolic). Bishobora gufata umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri kugira ngo ibisubizo bigaruke. Ubu buryo ni bwiza kurusha ubundi buryo. |
Ubundi bwoko bwihariye bw'ibizamini
Uretse ubu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi, hari n'ibindi bizamini byihariye.
- Ikizamini cy'isukari mu maraso cyo kwiyiriza ubusa: Iki ni cyo kizamini nyamukuru gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma diyabete. Ugomba gutanga amaraso nyuma y'amasaha 8-12 utarya cyangwa ngo unywe ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose. Kubera ko ibyo urya n'ibyo unywa bigira ingaruka ku rugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe, gukora ikizamini mu gihe wiyirije ubusa bishobora kuguha ishusho isobanutse neza y'urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe.
- Gukurikirana isukari mu rugo: Abantu barwaye diyabete bakoresha ubu buryo kugira ngo barebe urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yabo buri munsi. Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha igikoresho nka glucometer cyangwa glucometer ihoraho (CGM) ifatanye n'uruhu.
Urashaka gukora iki kizamini ryari?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma muganga wawe agusaba iki kizamini.
- Nk'igice cy'isuzuma risanzwe ry'abaganga: Hari igihe muganga azagusaba gukora ibizamini by'amaraso bisanzwe (urugero: Itsinda ry'ibanze rya Metabolic Panel - BMP cyangwa Itsinda ry'ibanze rya Metabolic Panel - CMP ). Ibi bishobora kuba birimo ikizamini cya glucose.
- Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye: Iyo ufite ibimenyetso by'isukari nyinshi mu maraso (Hyperglycemia) cyangwa isukari nke mu maraso (Hypoglycemia). (urugero: kwihagarika kenshi, kugira inyota nyinshi, inzara nyinshi, kugabanya ibiro mu buryo butunguranye, kutabona neza, umunaniro).
- Mu gihe cyo gutwita: Iki kizamini gikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita ihari, ishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gutwita.
- Niba ufata imiti imwe n'imwe: Niba ufata imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe (urugero: corticosteroids ) igihe kirekire, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe buri gihe.
- Ingaruka za diyabete: Niba ufite ibintu bishobora gutuma urwara diyabete (urugero: amateka y'umuryango, umubyibuho ukabije), muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima atitaye ku myaka yawe. Muri rusange, ni byiza ko umuntu wese urengeje imyaka 35 asuzuma buri gihe.
Witegura ute mbere yo gukora ikizamini?
Niba urimo gukora ikizamini cya glucose mu maraso yo kwiyiriza ubusa, ntugomba kurya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu masaha 8 kugeza kuri 12 mbere y'ikizamini. Ariko, kunywa amazi nta kibazo.
Icy'ingenzi ni ugukurikiza amabwiriza atangwa na muganga wawe cyangwa laboratwari neza. Hashobora kuba hari andi mabwiriza yihariye yo gupima, bityo ubaze ibyayo.
Ni iki indangagaciro ziri muri iyo raporo zitubwira?
Noneho reka turebe icyo ibisubizo by'iki kizamini bivuga. Ubusanzwe ibi bipimo bipimwa muri mililitiro kuri desilita (mg/dL).
| Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso kitaratangira (mg/dL) | Ubusobanuro |
|---|---|
| 70 - 99 mg/dL | Ingano Isanzwe: Iyi ni yo ntera isanzwe y’ubuzima bwiza ku muntu udafite diyabete. |
| 100 - 125 mg/dL | Prediabetes: Iki ni ikimenyetso cy'umuburo! Isukari mu maraso yawe iri hejuru ugereranyije n'ibisanzwe, ariko ntabwo iri hejuru bihagije ku buryo yafatwa nk'indwara ya diyabete. Iyi ndwara ishobora gusubizwa inyuma iyo habayeho impinduka mu mibereho. |
| 126 mg/dL cyangwa irenga | Diyabete: Niba igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso yawe kiri hejuru y'iki gipimo inshuro zirenze imwe, ushobora kuba urwaye diyabete. Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ikindi kizamini, nka A1c, kugira ngo byemezwe. |
| Isukari nke mu maraso (Hypoglycemia) | |
| 70 mg/dL cyangwa munsi yayo | Isukari nke mu maraso: Iyi ni indwara ikeneye kwitabwaho. Ibi bikunze kugaragara ku bantu barwaye diyabete. Niba umuntu udafite diyabete afite uru rugero, hakenewe gushakishwa impamvu. |
Ese hari izindi mpamvu zitera impinduka mu maraso uretse diyabete?
Yego. Nubwo diyabete ari yo mpamvu nyamukuru, hari n'ibindi bintu bishobora gutuma urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ruzamuka cyangwa rugabanuka.
Izindi mpamvu zitera isukari nyinshi:
- Ibibazo by'intanga ngabo (urugero: Cushing Syndrome )
- Ibibazo by'imisemburo (urugero: pancreatitis )
- Hyperthyroidism
- Imihangayiko ikomeye yo mu mutwe cyangwa ku mubiri, nko kubagwa cyangwa impanuka ikomeye
- Imiti imwe n'imwe, cyane cyane imiti ya corticosteroid
Izindi mpamvu zituma isukari igabanuka mu maraso:
- Indwara y'umwijima cyangwa impyiko
- Hypothyroidism
- Ibibazo by'impyiko nka Addison's Disease
- Gukoresha inzoga nyinshi
- Ibibyimba bidakunze kugaragara nka insulinoma
Wibuke ko utagomba gutinya gutekereza ko ufite indwara bitewe nuko igisubizo kimwe gusa cyahindutse. Muganga wawe ntazafata icyemezo ashingiye ku kizamini kimwe gusa. Azasuzuma ibimenyetso byawe, ibindi bisubizo by'ibizamini, n'amateka yawe yose y'ubuzima kugira ngo agere ku mwanzuro.
Niba rero ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge kuri raporo yawe, nyamuneka ntukabihishe kandi uganire na muganga wawe mu buryo bweruye. Azagusobanurira byose.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso ni ikizamini cyoroshye cy'amaraso gikoreshwa ahanini mu gusuzuma diyabete.
- Niba uri gupimwa mu gihe cyo kwiyiriza ubusa, ni ngombwa kwirinda kurya cyangwa kunywa mu gihe cy'amasaha agera kuri 8-12, nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.
- Ntugatinye igisubizo kimwe kidasanzwe. Mu gihe umuganga asuzuma indwara, asuzuma ibintu byinshi.
- Niba igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso yawe kiri mu cyiciro cya 'prediabetes', ni ikimenyetso cy'umuburo. Ishobora kugaruka ku buryo busanzwe iyo ugize indyo ikwiye n'imyitozo ngororamubiri.
- Ntuzigere utinya kuganira na muganga wawe ku mpungenge ufite ku bisubizo by'ibizamini byawe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze.
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.