Urugingo rutangaje cyane mu mubiri wacu ni umutima. Rukora nta kiruhuko na kimwe, kuva umunsi twavutse. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, byaba bitewe n'indwara ikomeye y'umutima, nyuma yo kubagwa cyane, cyangwa ikindi kibazo gikomeye cy'umutima, umutima wacu ushobora gucika intege cyane. Muri ibyo bihe, umutima ntushobora kohereza amaraso ahagije mu mubiri. Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane, ndetse gishobora no gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Rero, mu bihe nk'ibi, tugiye kuvuga ku gikoresho cyihariye abaganga bakoresha kugira ngo bahe umutima "ikiruhuko" gito kandi bawufashe gukora akazi kawo.
Mu magambo make, iyi pump ya Intra-Aortic Balloon (IABP) ni iki?
Nubwo izina rigaragara nk'irigoye gato, igitekerezo kiri inyuma yaryo cyoroshye cyane. Ipompo y'ibaluni yo mu muyoboro w'amaraso (IABP) ni igikoresho kirekire kandi gito kimeze nk'ibaluni. Gishyirwa mu muyoboro w'amaraso munini mu mubiri wacu, utwara amaraso ava mu mutima ajya mu gice cyose cy'umubiri. Tekereza nk'ibaluni ndende imeze nk'umuyoboro w'amaraso.
Iyi baluni ntabwo iri aho gusa. Ihujwe n'imashini yihariye. Iyo mashini ni nziza cyane. Irabyimba kandi igatuma iyi baluni ihuzwa n'imivuduko y'umutima wacu. Iyi nzira yorohereza cyane umutima ufite intege nke gupompa amaraso. Ubusanzwe, iyi mashini isigara mu mubiri iminsi mike gusa. Ni ukuvuga nk'inkunga y'igihe gito kugeza igihe umutima uzaba ukomeye bihagije kugira ngo wongere gukora wonyine.
Reka turebere hamwe uburyo iyi pumpe y'ibaluni ikora.
Kugira ngo ubyumve neza, ugomba kuba ufite igitekerezo gito cy'uko umutima ukora. Umutima wacu umeze nk'ipompo igizwe n'ibyumba bibiri.
1. Iyo umutima ugonze (Contraction/Systole): Iyo umutima ugonze, amaraso ari muri wo anyura mu mubiri wose anyuze mu muyoboro w'amaraso.
2. Iyo umutima uruhutse (Relaxation/Diastole): Iyo umutima wongeye kuruhuka, wongera wuzura amaraso. Pompa kugira ngo ugere ku cyiciro gikurikiraho.
Noneho reba uburyo IABP ifasha muri ibi. Ikora ibinyuranye cyane n'imikorere y'umutima.
- Iyo umutima ubyimbye ugasohora amaraso, agapira gahita gasohoka. Tekereza nko gukuraho ikintu cyazibye mu muyoboro munini. Hanyuma umutima ufite intege nke ushobora gusohora amaraso mu buryo bworoshye, utiriwe ukora cyane.
- Iyo umutima wagutse ukazura amaraso, agapira kahita kuzuzwa. Ibi bisubiza amaraso mu muyoboro w'amaraso. Ibi bifite akamaro kabiri. Kimwe ni uko amaraso menshi atembera mu mitsi y'umutima, igatanga amaraso mu mitsi y'umutima, maze umutima ugahabwa imirire myiza. Ikindi ni uko amaraso atembera mu bindi bice by'umubiri, cyane cyane amaboko n'amaguru, bigenda neza.
Iyi gahunda yo kwaguka no gufungana igenzurwa neza na mudasobwa hakurikijwe umuvuduko w'umutima (ECG). Bityo, imikorere y'umutima ifashwa cyane nta mbogamizi.
Ni ryari IABP ikenewe?
Umuganga azafata icyemezo cyo gukoresha iki gikoresho igihe umutima w'umurwayi wagize intege nke ku buryo udashobora gutanga amaraso ahagije ku ngingo z'umubiri. Mu buvuzi, iki kibazo cyitwa "indwara y'umutima." Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cyane kandi gikomeye.
Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera shock iterwa n'umutima.
| Indwara | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Indwara y'umutima ikomeye | Iyo umutsi w'amaraso ujyana amaraso mu mutima ufunze burundu, bigatera kwangirika gukomeye ku mitsi y'umutima. |
| Umutima unaniwe cyane | Igihe umutima uhita unanirwa gupompa amaraso umubiri ukeneye. |
| Arrhythmias | Umutima utera nabi. Hari igihe umutima utera vuba cyane cyangwa buhoro cyane kandi ntukore neza. |
| Myocarditis | Kubyimba imitsi y'umutima, guterwa n'impamvu nk'ubwandu bwa virusi. Ibi bishobora gutuma umutima ucika intege. |
| Indwara y'imitsi itera umutima | Kugabanya imitsi y'amaraso itanga amaraso mu mutima. Hari igihe iyo ibi bikomeye, umutima ucika intege. |
Byongeye kandi, iyi IABP ikoreshwa iyo umutima ukeneye inkunga nyuma yo kubagwa umutima gukomeye, cyangwa nyuma yo kuvurwa nka angioplasty (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention), ifungura umuyoboro w'amaraso wazibye.
Ese buri wese ashobora kubikoresha?
Oya. Iki gikoresho ntikigomba gukoreshwa n'abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe kuko gishobora kwangiza byinshi kuruta kugira icyo kigeraho.
- Aneurysm y'imitsi: Iyo urukuta rw'imitsi rucitse intege kandi rugatumba nk'umupira w'amapine.
- Gucamo imitsi y'amaraso: Iyo amaraso yavuye hagati y'urukuta rw'imitsi y'amaraso maze agacika.
- Gusubira mu mitsi y'amaraso: Iyo umuyoboro w'amaraso mu mutima udafunze neza, bigatuma amaraso ava inyuma.
- Indwara ikomeye y'imitsi yo mu mpande: Iyo imitsi ijyana amaraso ku maguru ifunze cyane, bishobora kugorana kuyishyiramo.
- Sepsis idacunzwe: Iyo hari ubwandu bukomeye bwakwirakwiriye umubiri wose.
Uburyo bwo gushyira iki gikoresho mu mubiri bukorwa bute?
Ibi bikunze gukorwa n'abaganga b'indwara z'umutima n'ikipe yabo, mu cyumba cy'indembe cyangwa mu cyumba cy'ababaga mu bitaro.
Mbere y'uko igikorwa kirangira
Niba umurwayi asanzwe abagwa umutima, azaba ari munsi y'ikinya kandi nta kintu na kimwe azumva. Bitabaye ibyo, niba ibi bikorwa ukwabyo, hazatangwa ikinya cyo mu gace k'ukuguru aho igikoresho kizashyirwa. Bityo nta bubabare azumva.
Mu gihe cy'igikorwa
Umuganga akurikiza izi ntambwe:
1. Ubwa mbere, umuyoboro muto, ufite ububobere witwa catheter ushyirwa mu mitsi minini iri mu gice cy'inyuma cy'ukuguru.
2. Hanyuma, binyuze muri iyi catheter, ibara ry'umuyoboro w'amaraso rinyuzwa mu muyoboro w'amaraso witonze cyane.
3. Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya X-ray kugira ngo harebwe aho umutima uherereye, ni ukuvuga aorta iri munsi y'umutima.
4. Iyo igeze ahantu heza, igice cy'inyuma cy'umupira gihuzwa na mudasobwa yihariye. Hanyuma imashini itangira kugenzura umupira hakurikijwe uko umutima utera.
Nyuma y'igikorwa
Nyuma yo gushyiramo igikoresho, umurwayi azakenera gukomeza kwitabwaho by’umwihariko mu cyumba cy’indembe.
- Igihe cyose igikoresho kigihari, ugomba kuguma mu buriri. Komeza umutwe wawe uzamure gato.
- Ukuguru kuri catheter bigomba kuguma bigororotse . Iyo uyigonze, catheter ishobora kuzenguruka.
- Kugira ngo hirindwe kubyimba kw'amaraso, umuti woroshya amaraso nka heparin utangira kwinjira mu mitsi.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka byagira?
Nk’uko bigenda ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, ubu buvuzi bufite ibyiza n’ibyago.
Akamaro nyamukuru ni uko iki gikoresho kirokora ubuzima. Mu gihe umutima urwaye indwara yo guhungabana, iyo umutima udashobora gukora wonyine, iki gikoresho gishobora gufasha cyane mu kurokora ubuzima binyuze mu gutanga amaraso akenewe ku ngingo z'ingenzi nk'ubwonko n'impyiko.
Ariko, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho. Biterwa n'ibintu nk'imyaka y'umurwayi n'ubuzima bwe muri rusange. Itsinda ry'abaganga rihora rizi izo ngaruka.
| Ingaruka zishobora kubaho | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Kuva amaraso | Kuva amaraso bishobora guterwa n'aho catheter ishyirwa. |
| Gukomereka ku mutsi w'amaraso | Hari amahirwe make ko umutsi w'amaraso ushobora kwangirika iyo igikoresho gishyizwemo cyangwa kiri mu mwanya wacyo. |
| Kwandura | Udukoko dushobora kwinjira mu mubiri binyuze mu gice cyo gushyiramo catheter. |
| Amaraso apfutse | Amaraso ashobora kuzura hafi y'igikoresho, niyo mpamvu hatangwa imiti yo kugabanya amaraso. |
| Aho balune ishyirwa nabi | Iyo ijisho rigiye, rishobora kubuza amaraso gutembera mu ngingo nk'impyiko. |
| Gucika kw'ibaluni | Ibi bibaho gake cyane. Gazi ya Heliyumu ikoreshwa mu gutera umwuka mu gikapu. Kubera ko ntacyo itwaye umubiri, nubwo yagera mu maraso ku buryo butunguranye, ntabwo izateza ikibazo gikomeye. |
Gusubiza no gukuraho igikoresho
IABP ikunze gusigara mu mwanya wayo iminsi mike gusa. Iyo abaganga batekereje ko umutima uri koroherwa gato, bahagarika ipompo akanya gato bakabona. Hanyuma, iyo umutima ukora neza wonyine, muganga afata icyemezo cyo gukuramo igikoresho.
Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye, iyo umutima ufite intege nke cyane, iki gikoresho gishobora gusigara mu mwanya wacyo mu gihe cy'ibyumweru runaka nk'ikiraro cyo kuvura ubundi buryo, nko gutera umutima.
Igihe cyo guhamagara muganga wawe
Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu wawe wa hafi ugiye kuvurwa muri ubwo buryo, maze ukagaragaza ibimenyetso by'ingorane nyuma yo kuva mu bitaro, ni ngombwa cyane kumenyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
| Ibimenyetso bisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse | |
|---|---|
| Impinduka mu muhanda wo gucamo | Gutukura cyane, kubyimba, ububabare, cyangwa amashyira ava aho catheter ishyirwa. |
| Umuriro | Bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko hari ubwandu mu mubiri. |
| Ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko w'umutima | Kumva umutima wawe urimo gutera cyane (gutera cyane). |
| Kugorwa no guhumeka (Dyspnea) | Niba guhumeka birushaho kugorana. |
| Kubyimba umubiri | Kubyimba utubuto, amaboko, cyangwa isura. |
| Kongera ibiro | Niba wiyongereye ibiro birenga 2-3 mu cyumweru kimwe (ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko amazi aguma mu mubiri). |
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Impumuro y'ibaluni yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso (IABP) ni igikoresho cy'agateganyo, gifasha umutima gupompa amaraso iyo ufite intege nke cyane.
- Ibi bikora mu kugena umuvuduko w'umutima, kugabanya umutwaro w'akazi ku mutima, no kunoza uburyo amaraso akwirakwira mu mubiri no mu mitsi y'umutima ubwawo.
- Ibi bikunze gushyirwa mu mitsi inyura mu kaguru, umurwayi agakurikiranwa mu cyumba cy’indembe.
- Nk’uko bigenda kuri buri buryo bwose bwo kuvura, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe, ariko zicungwa n’itsinda ry’abaganga bakurikiranira hafi umurwayi.
- Niba hari ibimenyetso bidasanzwe bigaragaye nyuma y'ubu buvuzi, ni ngombwa cyane kubimenyesha muganga wawe vuba.
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