Ese wumva unaniwe cyane kandi ufite umwuka ubura nubwo waba uri kugenda intera ndende? Ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara iyo imikorere y'umutima ifite intege nke cyane, ni ukuvuga mu gihe umutima unaniwe cyane. Umutima utakaza imbaraga ukeneye kugira ngo upompe amaraso mu mubiri wose. Rero mu bihe nk'ibi, hamwe n'iterambere ritangaje mu buvuzi, hari igikoresho cyihariye gishobora gufasha umutima wawe. Tugiye kubivugaho uyu munsi. Icyo ni igikoresho cyitwa LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device).
Mu magambo make, iyi LVAD ni iki?
LVAD ni pompe ikoreshwa mu kubaga ishyirwa mu mubiri w'abarwayi bafite ikibazo cy'umutima mu cyiciro cya nyuma. Mu yandi magambo, ni nk''umufasha' ufasha umutima wawe.
Umutima wacu ufite ibyumba bine by'ingenzi. Icy'ibumoso cyo hasi cyitwa Left Ventricle . Ni cyo gikora akazi gakomeye ko kohereza amaraso afite ogisijeni mu mubiri wose. Rero, mu gihe cy'indwara y'umutima, iyi ventilateur y'ibumoso iracika intege. Icyo LVAD ikora ni ugufasha iyo ventilateur y'ibumoso idakomeye. Niyo mpamvu yitwa Left Ventilator Assist Device.
Iyi pompe ifatanye n'igice cyo hasi cy'umutima, ikavana amaraso aho, ikayohereza binyuze mu muyoboro ujya muri aorta . Aorta ni wo mutsi munini w'amaraso mu mubiri wacu. Kuva aho, amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni akwirakwira mu mubiri wose. Bityo LVAD ifasha gukora neza neza uyu murimo w'ingenzi.
Igikuru ni uko LVAD atari umutima w'ubukorano. Si ikintu ukuraho ukagikura mu mutima wawe. Ahubwo, ni igikoresho gikorana n'umutima wawe kandi kikawushyigikira.
Ni ibihe bice by'ingenzi bya LVAD?
Sisitemu ya LVAD igizwe n'ibice byinshi by'ingenzi. Ibi bice byose bikorana kugira ngo iki gikoresho gitangaje gikore neza. Reka turebere hamwe ibyo bice.
| Igice cy'igikoresho | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Pompe | Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi. Iyi pompe ibagwa mu gituza kandi niyo ikura amaraso mu mutima wo mu gice cy'ibumoso ikayashyira mu muyoboro w'amaraso. |
| Umuyoboro w'imodoka | Iyi ni insinga yihariye. Iva kuri pompe iri imbere mu mubiri, igasohoka inyuze mu ruhu rwo mu nda, igahuzwa n'icyuma gipima ubushyuhe kiri hanze. Ni ngombwa cyane kuyifata neza no kuyisukura. |
| Umugenzuzi | Ibi bimeze nka mudasobwa nto. Ni igikoresho gishyirwa hanze y'umubiri. Gigenzura imikorere ya pompe, kigahindura umuvuduko wayo, kandi kigatanga amatangazo yo kumenyesha niba hari ikibazo. |
| Ingufu z'amashanyarazi | LVAD isaba amashanyarazi kugira ngo ikore. Ikoresha bateri zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Izi bateri zishobora gutanga ingufu mu gihe cy'amasaha agera kuri 14. Iyo umuriro wa bateri uri hasi, ugomba kuyisimbuza bateri nshya. Ushobora kandi kuyishyira mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi wo mu rugo. |
Ni nde ukeneye iyi LVAD?
Ubusanzwe LVAD ikoreshwa mu bihe bibiri by'ingenzi. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza indwara yawe maze ahitemo uburyo bukubereye.
1. Nk'ikiraro cyo gutera umutima (Ikiraro cyo gutera umutima - BTT)
Hari abarwayi bakeneye guterwa umutima. Ariko bagomba gutegereza igihe gito kugeza igihe umutima ujyanye n'uwo batanze ubonetse. Muri iki gihe, ubuzima bw'umurwayi bushobora kumera nabi. Izindi ngingo, nk'impyiko n'umwijima, na byo bishobora kwangirika.
Muri ibyo bihe, LVAD ikora nk' "ikiraro" cyo kugumana umurwayi ubuzima bwiza n'imbaraga kugeza igihe umutima ubonetse . Ibi byongera ubuzima bw'umurwayi, bigabanya ibimenyetso, kandi bimuha imbaraga zo kubagwa umutima neza. Igikoresho cya LVAD gikurwaho mu gihe cyo guterwa umutima.
2. Nk'uburyo bwa nyuma (Destination Therapy - DT)
Hari abarwayi badashobora guterwa umutima bitewe n'imyaka cyangwa izindi ngorane z'ubuzima. Iyo imikorere y'umutima wabo ikomeje kuba mibi nubwo hari ubundi buryo bwose bwo kuvurwa, harimo imiti n'uburyo bwo kubaho, bashobora gukenera ubufasha bw'ubuzima bwabo bwose.LVAD irimo gushyirwamo.
Ibi byitwa Destination Therapy. Aha, LVAD ishyigikira umutima mu buzima bwose bw'umurwayi, imufasha kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi bukora neza.
Ni gute wakwitegura mbere yo kubagwa kwa LVAD?
Icyemezo cyo gutera LVAD ntigifatwa mu ijoro rimwe. Itsinda ry'abaganga rizagusuzuma neza. Kuri ibi, hazakorwa ibizamini byinshi, birimo:
- ECG (Electrocardiogram): Gusuzuma imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima.
- X-ray yo mu gituza: Kureba imiterere y'umutima n'ibihaha.
- Gupima amaraso: Kugira ngo hamenyekane ubuzima rusange bw'umubiri, imikorere y'impyiko n'umwijima.
- Echocardiogram: Isuzuma ry'umutima rigamije kureba uko ibyumba by'umutima n'imitsi y'umutima bikora n'uko bipompa amaraso.
- Ikizamini cy'imitsi ikoreshwa mu gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri: Kugira ngo turebe uko umutima witabira imyitozo ngororamubiri.
- Gushyiramo katheteri mu mutima: Kugira ngo harebwe niba hari imiyoboro y'amaraso y'umutima yazibye cyangwa yangiritse.
Nanone, hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zituma LVAD itera imiti idakwiye. Urugero:
- Indwara zo kuvura amaraso
- Kunanirwa kw'impyiko mu cyiciro cya nyuma
- Indwara ikomeye y'umwijima
- Indwara ikomeye y'ibihaha
- Indwara zidashobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe imiti yica udukoko
Uko kubagwa bikorwa n'igihe nyuma
Gutera LVAD ni ukubaga umutima ufunguye. Bitwara amasaha ari hagati ya 4 na 6. Uba uri munsi y'ikinyabutabire, bivuze ko uba usinziriye rwose, mu gihe cyose cyo kubagwa.
Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzakenera kumara ibyumweru 2 kugeza kuri 3 mu bitaro. Muri iki gihe, abaganga, abaforomo, n'amatsinda y'inzobere bazakwigisha uburyo bwo kubaho ukoresheje igikoresho cya LVAD.
- Uko igikoresho gikora
- Uburyo bwo guhindura bateri
- Uburyo bwo kubungabunga igikomere aho umurongo unyura
- Icyo wakora mu gihe cy'impanuka
Nyuma yo kwemeza ko ushoboye ibi byose ni bwo uzemererwa gutaha.
Ubuzima hamwe na LVAD
Ubuzima bwawe buzahinduka gato nyuma yo gusubira mu rugo, ariko ushobora kubaho neza hamwe n’izo mpinduka.
- Koga: Ntushobora koga, koga, cyangwa ngo winjize igikoresho mu mazi ukoresheje LVAD. Ariko, hari ibikoresho byihariye bigufasha kwiyuhagira.
- Imiti: Uzakenera gufata imiti igabanya amaraso mu buzima bwawe bwose. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane.
- Indyo: Ni ingenzi cyane gukurikiza indyo yuzuye.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri:Ushobora kwitabira gahunda zo kuvura indwara z'umutima no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ikwiye, nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.
- Ubuzima bwiza: Kunywa itabi n'inzoga bigomba guhagarara burundu.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka za LVAD?
Nk’uko bigenda mu kubaga kose, gutera LVAD bifite akamaro ndetse n’ingaruka zimwe na zimwe.
Ibyiza by'ingenzi
- Igabanuka rikomeye ry'ibimenyetso nko kubura umwuka no kunanirwa.
- Amaraso arushaho kwiyongera mu zindi ngingo nk'impyiko, umwijima n'ubwonko.
- Kuba nshobora kuva mu bitaro, ngasubira mu rugo, nkamarana umwanya n'umuryango wanjye.
- Kongera ubushobozi bwo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.
- Muri rusange, imibereho yazamutse cyane .
- Abantu babana n'igikoresho cya LVAD baramba kurusha abahabwa imiti gusa.
Ingaruka zishobora kubaho
Buri kubagwa ku mubiri bifite ingaruka. Muganga wawe azakubwira uburyo bwo kugabanya izo ngaruka n'uko zigira ingaruka kuri wewe.
| Imiterere y'ibyago | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Kwandura | Kwandura indwara bishobora kubaho, cyane cyane aho umurongo usohoka uva mu ruhu. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa ko ako gace kagumana isuku cyane. |
| Kuziba kw'amaraso n'indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi | Hari ibyago byo kuzura amaraso mu gikoresho. Iyo bigeze mu bwonko, indwara yo gucika kw'amaraso ishobora kubaho. Hatangwa imiti igabanya amaraso kugira ngo ibi birinde. |
| Kuva amaraso | Kubera ko ufata imiti igabanya amaraso, ndetse n'igikomere gito gishobora gutera kuva amaraso menshi. |
| Umutima udafite ubushobozi bwo kuvura indwara z'iburyo | Iyo LVAD ifashije uruhande rw'ibumoso rw'umutima, rimwe na rimwe uruhande rw'iburyo rushobora kudashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko. |
| Imikorere mibi y'igikoresho | Kubera ko ibi ari ibikoresho bya mekanike, amakosa ashobora kubaho gake cyane. Ariko, umugenzuzi akubwira ibintu nk'ibyo mbere y'igihe. |
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Iyo umaze kugira LVAD, ni ngombwa kugirana umubano wa hafi n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe. Ugomba kwisuzumisha buri cyumweru, hanyuma buri kwezi. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, bwira muganga wawe cyangwa ibitaro vuba .
- Umuriro.
- Gutukura, kubyimba, cyangwa amabyi aho umurongo usohoka usohoka mu ruhu.
- Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa mu nda.
- Kuva amaraso ku buryo budasanzwe.
- Kubyimba amaguru n'umugongo.
- Kugorwa no guhumeka.
- Ikibazo ku gice runaka cy'igikoresho cya LVAD cyangwa ikimenyetso kidasanzwe (ambule) kirasohoka.
Gufata icyemezo cyo gufata LVAD cyangwa kutayifata ni icyemezo cy’umuntu ku giti cye kandi gikomeye. Vugana na muganga wawe n’umuryango wawe witonze kuri ibyo bibazo. Baza ibibazo byawe byose kandi ukemure gushidikanya. Kubera iri koranabuhanga, abantu ibihumbi bafite indwara z’umutima zikomeye ubu babayeho neza kandi bishimye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- LVAD si umutima w'ubukorano. Ni ipompo ifasha umutima wawe kuvoma amaraso mu gihe umutima wawe wananiwe cyane.
- Ibi bikoreshwa cyane cyane nk' "ikiraro" ku bategereje guterwa umutima cyangwa nk' "ubuvuzi bw'ubuzima bwabo bwose" ku badashobora guterwa umutima.
- Nubwo ubuzima bwiza nyuma yo kubagwa kwa LVAD burushaho kuba bwiza, ni ngombwa gucunga neza igikoresho, gufata imiti, no gukurikiza ubuzima bwiza.
- Niba ugize ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ku gikoresho cyangwa ku buzima bwawe, ni ngombwa cyane kumenyesha itsinda ry’abaganga bawe vuba.
- Iki ni icyemezo gikomeye. Vugana na muganga wawe ku mugaragaro ku byiza byose n'ingaruka zose, hanyuma ufate icyemezo cyiza kuri wewe.
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