Ikarita yawe y'uturemangingo: Reka twige ku isuzuma rya Karyotype mu magambo yoroshye

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo tubona ibintu nk'ibara ry'amaso yacu, ibara ry'uruhu, n'imiterere y'umusatsi? Ibi byose bigenwa n'uturemangingo dukomoka kuri ba nyina na ba data. Utu turemangingo tuba dufatanye neza muri chromosomes. Rero, rimwe na rimwe hashobora kubaho impinduka, inyongera, cyangwa gukuramo muri izi chromosomes. Niyo mpamvu twita ikizamini cyihariye gishakisha impinduka nk'izo.

Mu magambo make, ikizamini cya Karyotype ni iki?

Tekereza ko muri buri karemangingo k'umubiri wawe harimo ububiko bw'ibitabo buriho amakuru yuzuye kuri wowe. Ibitabo biri kuri ubu bubiko bw'ibitabo byitwa chromosomes. Ugereranyije, umuntu muzima afite ibice 23 by'ibi bitabo, cyangwa ibitabo 46. Kimwe cya kabiri cy'ibi tubihabwa na mama, ikindi gice tukagihabwa na data.

Ikizamini cya karyotype ni ikizamini gikura izi chromosomes mu turemangingo twawe maze kigafata "ishusho" yazo. Hanyuma dushobora kubona neza,

• Ese hari chromosomes 46 neza?
• Ese umubare wa chromosomes waragabanutse? Cyangwa wariyongereye?
• Ese hari ibitagenda neza mu miterere yabyo, ingano yabyo, cyangwa uko bihagaze?

Muri ubwo buryo budasanzwe, dushobora kubona ibimenyetso ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n’uturemangingo.

Ni nde ukeneye iki kizamini? Mu bihe bihe?

Iki kizamini gishobora kuba ingenzi mu bihe bitandukanye. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

Ese ugomba kwitegura mbere yo gukora ikizamini?

Ubusanzwe, iki kizamini ntigisaba kwitegura cyane. Ariko, niba uherutse guterwa amaraso, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe . Ashobora kugusaba gutegereza iminsi mike mbere yo gukora ikizamini.

Hari ubwo muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kwiyiriza ubusa (kutarya cyangwa ngo unywe) amasaha make mbere yo kwipimisha. Kubwibyo, ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe niba hari amabwiriza yihariye ugomba gukurikiza mbere yo kwipimisha.

Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora ikizamini cya karyotype

Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kubona icyitegererezo cy'uturemangingo gikenewe muri iki kizamini, bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye n'uko imimerere yawe ihagaze.

• Gupima amaraso: Ubu buryo ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane. Bukoreshwa ku bantu bakuru, impinja, n'abana bato.
• Gupima no gusuzuma uburyo umubiri uhumeka mu magufwa: Abantu barwaye kanseri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n’amaraso nka kanseri y’amaraso bafatwa kandi bagapimwa urugero rw’umusemburo w’amagufwa.
• Amniocentesis: Mu gihe cyo gutwita, hafatwa icyitegererezo cy'amazi y'umura akikije umwana uri mu nda hanyuma kigapimwa.
• Gupima Viliyonike (CVS): Ikizamini gifata ingero z'uturemangingo two mu nyababyeyi, dutanga intungamubiri ku mwana, mu gihe atwite.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gupima amaraso?

Ibi biroroshye cyane kandi bishobora kurangira mu minota mike.

1. Muri laboratwari, amaraso make azakurwa mu mutsi uri ku kuboko kwawe hakoreshejwe urushinge ruto.

2. Wumva ububabare buto gusa.

3. Kura amaraso mu muyoboro, ukuremo urushinge, hanyuma ushyireho agatambaro gato aho hantu.

Ni gute wafata icyitegererezo cy'umusemburo w'amagufwa?

Ibi bikunze gukorwa n'umuganga w'inzobere mu kuvura kanseri (inzobere mu kuvura kanseri) cyangwa indwara z'amaraso (inzobere mu kuvura amaraso).

1. Hari abantu bahabwa imiti ituma bumva basinze.

2. Uzahindurirwa ku ruhande cyangwa ku nda yawe maze uryame hasi.

3. Ubusanzwe, umuti utera ibisebe uterwa mu gice cyo hejuru cy'igufwa ryo mu kibuno.

4. Hanyuma urushinge ruto rushyirwa mu igufwa kugira ngo hafatwe urugero rw'amazi y'umusemburo w'amagufwa n'igice cy'umubiri. Ushobora kumva ufite igitutu cyangwa ububabare muri iki gihe.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gupima amniocentesis?

Ibi bikunze gukorwa hagati y'ibyumweru 15 na 20 byo gutwita.

1. Uzategekwa kuryama hasi hanyuma hakorwe scan (ultrasound).

2. Mu gihe ureba isuzuma, urushinge ruto rushyirwa mu mura wawe runyuze mu nda yawe, witonda kugira ngo rutagirira nabi umwana.

3. Uru rushinge rushyirwa mu gasabo k'imyororokere, hagafatwa icyitegererezo cy'amazi, hanyuma urushinge rugakurwamo. Ushobora kumva ushyushye gato cyangwa urimo kuruma muri iki gihe.

Gupima Virusi bya Chorionic (CVS) bikorwa bite?

Ibi bikunze gukorwa hagati y'ibyumweru 10 na 13 by'inda.

1. Ibi bikorwa no kureba kuri scan.

2. Hari uburyo bubiri bwo kubikora. Bumwe ni ugufata icyitegererezo cya placenta ushyiramo umuyoboro muto unyuze mu gitsina ukagera mu mura w'inkondo y'umura.

3. Ubundi buryo, busa na amniocentesis, burimo gushyira urushinge mu nda no gufata icyitegererezo cy'uturemangingo mu nyababyeyi.

Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibi bizamini?

Nkuko bigenda ku isuzuma ry’ubuvuzi, hari ingaruka ntoya. Ariko ntugahangayike, ingaruka zikomeye ni gake cyane.

• Mu gihe cyo gupima amaraso: Hashobora kubaho gukomereka, kuva amaraso make, cyangwa ububabare aho yatobowe.
• Mu gihe cyo gupima umwongo w'amagufwa: Kuva amaraso, gukomereka, kwandura indwara, cyangwa ububabare bishobora kubaho aho urushinge rwatobowe.
• Mu gupima amniocentesis cyangwa CVS: Hari ibyago bike cyane byo kuva amaraso make, gukomereka, no kwandura indwara zo mu mura. Hari kandi ibyago bidasanzwe byo gukuramo inda (hafi umwe mu 100 ufite CVS, munsi y’umwe muri 200 ufite amniocentesis).

Muganga wawe azagusobanurira neza izi ngaruka.

Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo? Ibisubizo bivuze iki?

Ubusanzwe bishobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo ibisubizo by'ibizamini bigaruke. Baza muganga wawe icyo gihe.

Niba igisubizo ari "kidasanzwe," bivuze ko hari impinduka muri chromosomes zawe cyangwa iz'umwana wawe. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya zimwe mu ndwara za genetiki. Urugero:

• Down Syndrome (Down Syndrome cyangwa Trisomie 21): Indwara itera gutinda mu iterambere ry'ubwenge no gukura kw'umubiri.
• Indwara ya Edwards (Indwara ya Edwards cyangwa Trisomy 18): Indwara itera ibibazo bikomeye by'ibihaha, impyiko n'umutima.
• Indwara ya Patau: Indwara irangwa no kudakura neza no kubyara umwana ufite ibiro bike mu nda.
• Turner Syndrome: Indwara ibuza abakobwa kugira imiterere y'imibonano mpuzabitsina.