Babyeyi, mushobora kuba mwarabonye ko umutwe w'umwana wanyu usa n'aho uri munini gato ugereranyije n'abandi bana bo mu kigero cyabo. Cyangwa se wenda muganga w'abana yabivuze nyuma yo gupima umuzenguruko w'umutwe w'umwana wanyu mu gihe cyo kumusuzuma buri gihe? Mu magambo y'ubuvuzi, ibi byitwa "Macrocephaly." Ndabinginze, ntimugatinye iyo wumvise iri jambo. Si umutwe munini wose ugaragaza ikibazo cy'uburwayi. Reka tubiganireho birambuye na Nirogi Lanka.
Macrosefali ni iki?
Mu magambo make, Macrocephaly bivuze kugira "umutwe munini." Niba umwana wawe afite macrocephaly, bivuze ko umutwe we ureshya cyane n'uw'abandi bana b'imyaka imwe n'igitsina kimwe. Mu by'ubuvuzi, abaganga b'abana basobanura ibi nk'uruziga rw'umutwe (rupimwe ahantu hanini cyane) rurenze 97% by'abana bari mu kigero kimwe - bikaba bibashyira hejuru ya "97th percentile" ku mbonerahamwe isanzwe y'imikurire.
Ariko, nyamuneka ntugatinye niwumva ibi. Nubwo indwara ya macrocephaly rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara isanzwe isaba ubuvuzi, akenshi ni ikintu gikomoka ku bagize umuryango. Iyi ndwara yoroheje kandi idasaba ubuvuzi yitwa Benign Familyal Macrocephaly .
Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?
Macrocephaly ifatwa hagati ya 2% na 5% by'abaturage muri rusange. Ni indwara duhura nayo kenshi muri Nirogi Lanka, bityo si ibisanzwe, kandi nta mpamvu yo gutera ubwoba.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bifitanye isano na Macrocephaly?
Reka turebe ibimenyetso bifitanye isano na macrocephaly. Wibuke ko atari buri mwana wese ugaragaza ibimenyetso byose; bamwe mu bana bashobora kugira umutwe munini nta bindi bimenyetso na gato.
- Gukura vuba k'umutwe: Iyo ingano y'umutwe igenda yiyongera vuba kurusha uko byari byitezwe, ibi bisaba ko hasuzumwa na muganga.
- Imitsi yo mu mutwe igaragara cyane: Hari igihe imitsi iri munsi y'uruhu rw'umutwe ishobora kugaragara cyangwa ikagaragara nabi ku buryo budasanzwe.
- Gutinda mu mikurire: Gutinda kugera ku ntego nko kumwenyura, guterura umutwe, kunyeganyega, kwicara, cyangwa kugenda.
- Kureba hasi: Akenshi byitwa "Ijisho rirenga-izuba," aho amaso y'umwana asa n'aho ahora yerekeza hasi.
- Uduce tw’inyuma tw’uruhinja twijimye cyangwa dukomeye: "Utudomo tworoshye" ku gahanga k’umwana (aho amagufwa atarahurira) dushobora kumva dufunganye cyangwa tubyimbye.
- Kubura ubushake bwo kurya: Niba umwana wawe ahora yanga ibiryo cyangwa akagaragaza ko adashishikajwe no kumuha.
- Kuba hari izindi ndwara: Macrocephaly rimwe na rimwe ishobora kujyana n'indwara nk'igicuri (igicuri) cyangwa autism.
Ibuka ko niba umwana wawe afite Benign Familyal Macrocephaly, nta kimenyetso na kimwe uzabona uretse ingano y'umutwe munini, ari nabyo bigize imiterere ye ya genetiki.
Ni iki gitera indwara ya Macrosefali?
Impamvu zitera macrocephaly ziratandukanye kuva ku ndwara zitagize ingaruka mbi (zitari nziza) kugeza ku ndwara zikomeye cyane.
Niba umwana wawe afite Benign Familyal Macrocephaly, afite umutwe munini bitewe n'imiterere y'uturemangingo - akenshi usanga ungana n'umutwe w'abandi bagize umuryango. Ibi nta mpungenge bifite.
Ariko, hari izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera—zimwe zivukana (ziriho igihe umuntu avuka) n'izindi zigenda zikura uko igihe kigenda—zisaba iperereza rya muganga:
- Megalencephaly: Imiterere y'ubwonko bunini budasanzwe.
- Hydrocephalus: Kwiyongera k'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) mu bwonko, bishobora gutera igitutu ku gahanga.
- Kuva amaraso mu bwonko: Kuva amaraso mu bwonko, rimwe na rimwe bitewe n'indwara z'imitsi nk'indwara ya Arteriovenous Malformation.
- Hyperostosis y'umutwe: Kubyimba gukabije kw'amagufwa y'agahanga.
- Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko.
- Hematoma idashira: Amaraso ashobora kuzura bitewe n'ibyago, kugwa, cyangwa, mu bihe bikomeye, kunyeganyega k'uruhinja.
- Kwandura indwara zo mu bwonko: Indwara nka meningitis, encephalitis, cyangwa ibibyimba byo mu bwonko.
- Indwara z’uturemangingo: Harimo Achondroplasia, Fragile X Syndrome, Neurofibromatosis Type 1, PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (Cowden Syndrome), Gorlin Syndrome, na Greig Cephalopolysyndactyly Syndrome.
- Ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko mu bwonko: Indwara iyo ari yo yose ituma umuvuduko uzamuka mu gahanga.
Macrocephaly ipimwa ite?
Muri Nirogi Lanka, abahanga bacu bakoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo gusuzuma indwara ya macrocephaly no kumenya impamvu yayo.
Igihe cyo kubyara
Muganga wawe ashobora kumenya ibimenyetso bya macrocephaly mu gihe cyo gupima umwana utwite, cyane cyane mu mpera z'igihembwe cya kabiri cyangwa mu ntangiriro z'igihembwe cya gatatu.
Nyuma yo kubyara
Nyuma yo kuvuka, muganga w’abana azapima buri gihe umuzenguruko w’umutwe w’umwana wawe mu gihe cyo gusuzumwa mu myaka itanu ya mbere. Ibi bipimo bigereranywa n’imbonerahamwe isanzwe y’imikurire, ndetse no gusuzuma ingano y’umutwe w’ababyeyi n’abavandimwe ba hafi. Iyo habonetse macrocephaly, intambwe ikurikiraho ni ukumenya impamvu binyuze mu isuzuma ritandukanye.
Isuzuma ry'ubwonko
Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma neza indwara z'imitsi, muganga wawe azasuzuma:
- Muganga wawe azasuzuma amateka y'imikurire y'umwana wawe n'ubuzima bwe muri iki gihe akubaza ibibazo birambuye kandi agukorere isuzuma ryoroheje.
- Uzabazwa niba umwana wawe yaragize ibikomere ku mutwe cyangwa niba hari impungenge zijyanye no kwangirika k'ubwonko cyangwa uturemangingo tw'imitsi.
- Muganga azabaza indwara zose waba wararwaye utwite, cyangwa niba umwana yarahuye n'indwara nka meningitis kuva akivuka. Izi ndwara rimwe na rimwe zishobora gutera hydrocephalus (amazi yiyongera mu bwonko).
- Uzabibazwa niba umwana wawe arimo kuruka, agaragaza umujinya mwinshi, cyangwa agaragaza ibimenyetso by'umutwe (nk'impinduka mu myitwarire cyangwa kurira cyane). Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'umuvuduko wiyongereye mu gahanga.
- Muganga wawe azabaza niba umwana wawe afite amateka yo kurwara ibisebe.
Isuzuma ry'umubiri
Muri iki kizamini, uretse gupima umuzenguruko w'umutwe, muganga wawe azasuzuma ibi bikurikira:
- Fontanel (Utudomo tworoshye): Utu ni utwo duce duto duto turi hagati y'amagufwa y'agahanga. Yemerera umutwe kunyura mu nzira y'imyororokere byoroshye kandi tugafasha ubwonko gukura neza. Fontanel y'inyuma ikunze gufunga mu mezi 2-3, mu gihe iy'imbere ifunga hagati y'amezi 9 na 18. Fontanel ibyimbye, ikomeye, cyangwa ikomeye ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'umuvuduko mwinshi w'ubwonko.
- Imitsi yo mu bwonko igaragara cyane: Iyi mitsi ishobora kugaragaza ubwiyongere bw'amaraso cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso mu bwonko.
- Ijisho rijya mu kirere rihita: Indwara aho amaso y'umwana asa n'aho ahora areba hasi, ibi bikaba ari ikimenyetso cy'uko umuvuduko w'amaraso mu bwonko wiyongera.
- Kunanirwa gutera imbere: Kwiyongera ibiro bike cyangwa kubura ubushake bwo kurya rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba bifitanye isano n'ibibazo by'imitsi.
Ibizamini byo Gushushanya
Ibi bishobora kuba birimo:
- Gupima hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasound: Iyi ni yo ntambwe ya mbere, yizewe kandi yoroshye yo gusuzuma, kuko nta mirasire irimo kandi ntisaba gusinziriza. Iyo fontanel ikiri ifunguye, ibi bitanga ishusho isobanutse y'imiterere y'ubwonko.
- Isuzuma rya "Computed Tomography" (CT Scan): Iri suzuma ritanga amashusho arambuye y'ingingo z'ubwonko. Kubera ko rikoresha imirasire, akenshi rikorerwa mu bihe aho ibisubizo bya ultrasound bitagaragaza neza cyangwa niba umwana adashobora gukamirwa neza ngo apimwe na MRI.
- MRI Yihuta: Ni verisiyo yihariye kandi yihuta ya MRI ubusanzwe idasaba gusinziriza, ikoreshwa mu kumenya amazi arenze urugero mu bwonko.
Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na Macrocephaly?
Ni ngombwa kumenya amakuru ku ngorane zishobora guterwa na macrocephaly. Nubwo atari buri wese uhura nazo, kumenya ni ingenzi:
- Gukandagira mu mutwe: Iyo ingano y'umutwe igabanya umwanya mu gahanga, ishobora gushyira igitutu ku mutwe w'umutwe.
- Hydrocephalus: Indwara isaba ubuvuzi bwihuse kuko ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
- Indwara zo mu mutwe n'igicuri.
- Gutinda mu iterambere.
- Imikorere mibi y'ubwonko.
Macrosefali ivurwa ite?
Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya macrocephaly bushingiye cyane ku mpamvu nyamukuru.
Macrosefali yo mu muryango idafite ingaruka mbi na BESSI
Niba umwana wawe ahura n'ingaruka z'iterambere ry'imikurire kandi nta bimenyetso by'imitsi afite, kandi hari amateka y'umuryango we y'imitwe minini, akenshi ni ikintu kidapfa kwibasirwa, kidasaba kuvurwa . BESSI kandi ifatwa nk'indwara idakira, ikunze kwikemuka ubwayo uko urugero rw'amazi yo mu bwonko rugenda ruhinduka.
Impamvu z'uturemangingo
Imanza zifitanye isano n'indwara z'uturemangingo zishobora gusaba ubufasha buhoraho, nko kuvura umubiri, akazi, imvugo, cyangwa imyitwarire.
Kuva amaraso mu bwonko cyangwa Hydrocephalus
Muri ibi bihe, akenshi igikorwa cyo kubaga gikenewe kugira ngo havemo amazi arenze urugero cyangwa hakosorwe aho amaraso yaviriye.
Ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko
Gahunda zo kuvura zishobora kuba zirimo kubagwa, imiti ivura indwara ya kanseri, imiti ivura imirasire, cyangwa imiti ivura indwara ya steroid.
Ese indwara ya Macrocephaly ishobora kwirindwa?
Macrocephaly ivuga gusa ingano y'umutwe munini; ntabwo bivuze ko hari ikibazo cy'uburwayi. Iyo bigaragaye mu muryango wawe, birashoboka ko ari ikintu gisanzwe kandi gifite ubuzima bwiza. Umuganga wawe wa Nirogi Lanka ni we uzasuzuma niba hari impamvu y'uburwayi.
Nta buryo bwo kwirinda macrocephaly ubwayo. Ariko, impamvu nyinshi zishobora gukemurwa neza n'ubuvuzi bukwiye.
Bite se niba umwana wanjye afite Macrocephaly?
Niba umwana wawe asanzwe afite indwara ya macrocephaly ariko akaba yujuje ibisabwa byose mu mikurire ye kandi agaragaza ibimenyetso bisanzwe by’imitsi, ubusanzwe ubwiyongere bw’indwara ye buba bwiza cyane, kandi nta buvuzi bukenewe. Ibi ni ko bimeze kuri Benign Family Macrocephaly.
Iyo hagaragaye ikibazo runaka, ikizamini cy’uburwayi giterwa gusa n’iyo mpamvu. Itsinda ryita ku mwana wawe muri Nirogi Lanka rizashyiraho gahunda yihariye yo kuvura ijyanye n’ibyo akeneye byihariye. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso, nyamuneka shaka ubufasha mu byihutirwa vuba.
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi. Niba umwana wawe agaragaje kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, nyamuneka hamagara muganga w'abana vuba.
- Fontanelle ibyimbye cyangwa ifunganye (ahantu horoshye ku mutwe w'umwana).
- Kubura ubushake bwo kurya buri gihe cyangwa kugorwa no kurya.
- Kuruka kenshi kandi bidashira.
- Ingendo z'amaso zidasanzwe cyangwa zidasanzwe.
- Ubunebwe bukabije cyangwa kugorana kubyuka.
- Kurakara cyane bigorana kugabanya ubukana.
Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza impinduka zigaragara ku buzima bw'umwana wawe zisaba isuzuma rya muganga. Humura, kandi ushake ubuyobozi bwa muganga vuba.
Umutwe w'umwana ugomba gukura angahe?
Reka turebe uko umutwe ukura neza. Wibuke ko ibi ari ibipimo ngenderwaho. Abahanga mu by'ubuzima bakoresha imbonerahamwe zisanzwe z'imikurire kugira ngo barebe neza niba imikurire y'umutwe w'umwana wawe ikurikiza gahunda nziza. Mu gihe cyo gusura kwa muganga, ibi bipimo bizafatwa, kandi muganga wawe azaganira nawe ku bisubizo.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Macrosefali na Megalencephaly?
Nubwo aya magambo asa, hari itandukaniro rigaragara mu buvuzi.
Macrocephaly ni ijambo rikoreshwa mu gusobanura ingano y'umutwe munini kurusha ikigereranyo.
Megalencephaly irasobanutse neza; yerekeza ku bwonko bunini budasanzwe , bushobora kuba imwe mu mpamvu zitera macrocephaly.
"Ibyiza byo gukusanya ibintu by'ubuto" bisobanura iki?
Bizwi kandi nka Benign External Hydrocephalus , ibi bivuga ko amazi ahurirana hagati y'ubwonko n'agahanga. Ibi bikunze kugaragara ku bana bato bafite imitwe minini. Ubusanzwe, iyi ndwara ntisaba kuvurwa. Muganga wawe azakurikirana umwana wawe witonze, kandi akenshi, iyi ndwara ikemuka ubwayo uko umwana akura.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe
Reka tuvuge muri make ingingo z'ingenzi cyane mu kiganiro cyacu.
Macrocephaly bivuze ko umutwe w'umwana wawe ari munini kurusha ikigereranyo, ibi bikaba bikunze kugaragara kuva akivuka.
Igikomeye ni uko atari buri mutwe munini ugaragaza ko ufite ikibazo cy’uburwayi. Niba abandi bagize umuryango bafite imitwe minini kandi umwana wawe nta bindi bimenyetso agaragaza, bishobora kuba ari ikibazo cy’umubiri, kandi byarazwe.
Ariko, kubera ko macrocephaly rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’indwara ikomeye kurushaho, umwana wawe w’umwana azagukorera isuzuma ryimbitse ry’umubiri n’imitsi kandi ashobora no gutumiza ibizamini byo gufata amashusho (nk’isuzuma rya ultrasound cyangwa MRI) bibaye ngombwa.
Hashingiwe kuri ibi bisubizo, muganga wawe azamenya impamvu kandi ashyireho gahunda yihariye yo kwita ku mwana wawe.
Niba ufite impungenge ku mwana wawe, cyane cyane niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'umuburo bivugwa, nyamuneka hamagara umuganga vuba. Gushaka inama nyazo ni cyo gikorwa cyiza buri gihe. Nirogi Lanka yifurije umwana wawe ubuzima bwiza n'imibereho myiza!
👩🏽⚕️ Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa)
💬 Ese indwara ya macrocephaly ni ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye?
Mu buvuzi, iri jambo rikoreshwa iyo umuzenguruko w'umutwe w'umwana uri hejuru ya 98% ugereranyije n'imyaka ye. Si indwara buri gihe. Macrocephaly y'umuryango idafite ingaruka nziza, aho umutwe munini uvanwa mu bagize umuryango, ni indwara ifite ubuzima bwiza rwose.
💬 Ni ryari nkwiye guhangayikishwa n'umutwe munini?
Ugomba gushaka inama kwa muganga niba ingano y'umutwe igenda yiyongera vuba, niba umwana wawe ahora aruka kenshi, agaragaza "amaso arenga izuba" (amaso areba hasi), cyangwa niba imitsi igaragara ku mutwe, kuko ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya hydrocephalus.
💬 Ese ni ngombwa gukora scan?
Mu gihe muganga wawe abonye ko umutwe wawe wiyongera ku buryo budasanzwe mu gihe cyo gusuzumwa buri gihe, ashobora gusaba ko bagupimisha ultrasound cyangwa MRI kugira ngo barebe niba umuvuduko w'amaraso uri mu bwonko uhagaze. Iyo byemejwe ko hari ikibazo cy'uburwayi, uburyo bwo kuvura nka shunt bushobora kwitabwaho.
Amagambo ahinnye: Umutwe munini, Macrosefali, Ingano y'umutwe w'umwana, Iterambere ry'ubwonko, Hydrocephalus, Indwara za genetiki, Indwara z'imitsi
