Gusana Valve ya Mitral Idakunze Kwangiza Cyane

Umutima wawe ni nk'umuyoboro uri mu mubiri wawe. Kugira ngo iyi moteri ikore neza, ibice byose biri muri yo bigomba gukora neza. Ibice by'ingenzi by'umutima ni imiyoboro. Kimwe n'inzugi ziri hagati y'ibyumba byo mu nzu, iyi miyoboro ifasha amaraso gutembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa. Imwe muri iyi miyoboro ni Mitral Valve. Hari igihe iyi miyoboro ishobora kugira inenge. Mu bihe byashize, kugira ngo uyisane, wagombaga gufungura igituza cyawe ugakora opera ikomeye. Ariko ubu, kubera ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, ubu buvuzi bushobora gukorwa binyuze mu mwobo muto nta gukata gukomeye gukabije. Niyo mpamvu tubyita 'Gusana Mitral Valve Bikabije'. Turimo kuvuga kuri ibi uyu munsi.

Mu magambo make, ni iki gikorwa cyo gusana valve nto ya mitral?

Biroroshye cyane. Tekereza kuri ibi, valve ya mitral ni urugi ruri hagati y'icyumba cyo hejuru ibumoso (atrium y'ibumoso) n'icyumba cyo hasi ibumoso (ventricle y'ibumoso) cy'umutima wawe. Akazi k'uru rugi ni ukureka amaraso akava hejuru akajya hasi no kuyafunga kugira ngo adasubira hejuru. Rero niba uru rugi rudafunze neza, cyangwa rudafungutse neza, amaraso atembera nabi. Icyo gihe ni bwo iyi valve igomba gusanwa.

'Gutera mu buryo budakabije' bivuze "gukora nta kwangirika gukabije." Aho gukata hagati mu gituza nk'uko bigenda mu kubaga umutima mu buryo busanzwe, ubu buryo bukubiyemo gukata gato gato, gafite uburebure bwa santimetero nke, ku ruhande rw'igituza hagati y'imbavu.

Hari igihe ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga bwa roboti. Hanyuma umuganga agenzura ukuboko kwa roboti kunyura muri utwo twobo duto cyane agasana neza valve. Ni nko gusenya urugi runini ukinjira mu nzu, ukareba mu mwobo w'imfunguzo hanyuma ugashyiramo insinga nto kugira ngo ukore ingufuri.

Ni mu bihe ibihe ubu buvuzi bukenewe?

Ubu buvuzi bukorwa ahanini bitewe n'indwara ebyiri zigaragara mu gice cy'imitsi. Reka turebere hamwe izi ndwara ebyiri mu buryo burambuye kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe byoroshye.

Niba muganga avuze ko ufite iyi ndwara, ubu buryo bwo kubaga bushobora kuba igisubizo cyiza.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yo 'gusana' no 'gusimbuza' valve?

Iki ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi cyane.

• Gusana: Icyo ukora hano ni ugufata valve yawe bwite ugakosora gusa inenge iri muri yo. Ni nko gusana ukuguru kw'intebe kwavunitse. Ntabwo uguze intebe nshya.
• Gusimbuza: Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho valve yawe burundu ukayisimbuza valve y'ubukorano (valve ya mechanical) cyangwa valve ikozwe mu nyamaswa z'inyamaswa (ivuye mu ngurube cyangwa inka).

Abaganga bahora bagerageza gusana valve, kuko nta kintu cyiza nko gusana valve yawe karemano . Iyo imaze gusanwa, ntuzakenera gufata imiti igabanya amaraso mu buzima bwawe bwose. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, iyo valve yangiritse cyane ku buryo idashobora gusanwa, ishobora gukenera gusimbuzwa.

None se wakora iki kugira ngo usane valve ukoresheje ubu buryo bwo kubaga buto?

Umuganga ubaga akoresha uburyo butandukanye bitewe n'ikibazo kiri kuri valve yawe.

• Annuloplasty: Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Kugira ngo ukomeze valve ivamo amazi, ushyiraho impeta y'icyuma cyangwa iy'urushundura uyizengurutse hanyuma uyidode. Ibi bisubiza imiterere ya valve kandi bigatuma udupapuro dufunga neza.
• Guhuza udupapuro tw'ingufu: Hari igihe udupapuro tw'ingufu dushobora gucika intege no kugwa. Hanyuma, utwo dupapuro turakomera.
• Gufunga umwobo muri valve: Iyo hari umwobo muri valve, irafungwa.
• Gukuraho ingirangingo zirenze urugero: Hari igihe ingirangingo zirenze urugero zishobora gukura mu buryo butuma udupapuro tw’ingufu tudafunga neza. Muri iki gihe, ibice bidakenewe biracibwa bigakurwaho.
• Gutandukanya udupapuro tw’amapine twafashwe: Nk’uko bimeze kuri stenosis, udupapuro twafashwe hamwe turatandukana buhoro buhoro hanyuma tukemererwa kongera gufungura neza.

Ni nde ukwiriye kubagwa? Ese buri wese ashobora kubikora?

Oya. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga si ubwa buri wese. Abaganga basuzuma ibintu byinshi kugira ngo barebe niba ubikwiriye cyangwa utabikwiriye.

Ni iki kibaho mbere no mu gihe cyo kubagwa?

Kwitegura mbere yo kubagwa

Nyuma yo gufata icyemezo cyo kubagwa, muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza akenewe kandi azakora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo amenye byinshi ku mutima wawe.

• Echocardiogram: Iyi ni scan ya ultrasound y'umutima. Ishobora kwerekana neza uko imiyoboro y'umutima ikora n'uko amaraso atemba.
• Gukoresha Catheterization y'umutima:Ibi bigenzura niba hari imitsi ifunganye itanga amaraso mu mutima (imitsi ya coronary).
• CT Scan: Ibi kandi bitanga amashusho arambuye y'imitsi y'amaraso mu mutima no mu gituza.

Mu gihe cyo kubaga

Ibi ni ibintu bibaho muri iki gikorwa cyo kubaga, ubusanzwe bifata amasaha ari hagati ya abiri na ane.

1. Umuganga w’indwara zo gusinziriza azagushyira munsi y’ikinya rusange. Ibi bivuze ko nta kintu na kimwe uzumva, uzaba usinziriye burundu.

2. Umuganga ubaga azagukata gato ka santimetero 4-6 iburyo bw'igituza cyawe, hagati y'imbavu.

3. Binyuze muri iki gikorwa cyo gukata, hinjizwamo agakoresho gato (endoscope) gafite kamera ifatanye na ko, hanyuma hagakoreshwa moniteur kugira ngo harebwe neza valve yawe ya mitral.

4. Hanyuma, ibikoresho binini cyane byo kubaga bishyirwa mu gice cyo gukata hanyuma ikibazo kiri muri valve kigakosorwa.

5. Nyuma y'akazi, ibikoresho birakurwamo hanyuma agace gashyirwamo kakadodwa.

Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo kubagwa? Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka byagira?

Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzaguma mu cyumba cy’indembe (ICU) mu gihe cy’umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Muri icyo gihe, umutima wawe n’umuvuduko w’amaraso bizagenzurwa. Ushobora kandi gushyirwamo imiyoboro y’amazi mu gituza cyawe kugira ngo amazi yose ashobora kuba yarundanyije.

Hanyuma uzajya mu cyumba gisanzwe. Uzafashwa guhaguruka no kugenda mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Niba hari ibicurane mu bihaha byawe, bazakubwira gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri yo guhumeka kugira ngo ubikuremo. Ubusanzwe uzaba uri mu bitaro iminsi itanu mbere yo gutaha.

Igihe cyo gukira kigenda gute nyuma yo gutaha?

Ushobora kumva unaniwe nk'uko bisanzwe mu byumweru bike nyuma yo gutaha. Ibi ni ibisanzwe. Uzongera kugarura imbaraga buhoro buhoro. Muganga wawe azakubwira igihe ushobora gusubira ku kazi no gukomeza imirimo yawe isanzwe. Ugomba kwirinda guterura ibintu biremereye mu byumweru bike.

Nanone, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kwitabira gahunda yo kuvura indwara z'umutima. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Izi gahunda zishobora kugufasha kunoza ubuzima bwawe binyuze mu gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri itekanye no kurya indyo yuzuye.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya kwa muganga nyuma yo kubagwa?

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'ingorane nyuma yo kubagwa, ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga wawe . Menya by'umwihariko ibimenyetso bikurikira.

Amaherezo, hari igihe habaho uburyo bwo gusana ubwo bwoko bw'imitsi. Ibi bisaba kohereza umuyoboro w'amaraso mu gituza ukawushyira mu mutima, hanyuma ugashyiramo ibikoresho kugira ngo usane umutsi. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira uburyo bukubereye.