Icyo ugomba kumenya ku ndwara zo mu bwonko zitari kanseri

Iyo twumvise amagambo "kanseri yo mu bwonko," benshi muri twe duhita dutinya, si byo se? Ariko ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kumenya ni uko atari kanseri zose zikura mu bwonko ziba ari kanseri. Hariho kandi ubwoko bw'ibibyimba bitari kanseri, bivuze ko bitakwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri, ariko bishobora gukura mu bunini bigatera ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe. Abaganga babyita 'ibibyimba bibi'. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri ibi bibyimba byo mu bwonko bitari kanseri.

Ubwoko bukunze kugaragara bwa meningioma ni

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa kanseri yo mu bwonko ikunze kugaragara cyane. Igize hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'ibibyimba byose byo mu bwonko. Biba mu bitwikirizo bikikije ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo, byitwa meninges.

Abagore bafite amahirwe abiri yo kurwara ubu bwoko bwa kanseri ugereranyije n'abagabo. Ibintu bikurikira nabyo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara:

• Guhura n'imirasire myinshi cyane.
• Niba ufite indwara zo mu muryango nk'izi: `(Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1))` cyangwa `(type 2 (NF2))`.

Akenshi, ibi bibyimba ntibigaragaza ibimenyetso kugeza binini. Uko ikibyimba kigenda gikura, ibimenyetso nka:

• Umutwe
• Indwara zo mu mutwe
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka
• Impinduka mu miterere y'umuntu no mu rujijo rwo mu mutwe
• Ibibazo byo kutabona neza
• Kugorwa no kuvuga
• Kubura amatwi cyangwa gucuranga mu matwi
• Intege nke z'imitsi

Schwannoma (ikibyimba cy'imitsi)

Izi kanseri zitiriwe ubwoko bw'ingirabuzimafatizo zikomokaho: Uturemangingo twa Schwann, dukikije uturemangingo tw'imitsi.

Ubwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane bw'ubu bwoko bwitwa vestibular schwannoma. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kubwita neuroma y'amajwi. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku mitsi iva mu gutwi kwacu imbere ijya mu bwonko kandi ikagenzura uburinganire bw'umubiri.

Abantu bafite indwara y’uruhererekane yitwa `(NF2)` bashobora kurwara iyi kanseri cyane. Aha kandi, abagore ni bo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara iyi ndwara.

Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi:

• Gutakaza ubushishozi
• Kumva urusaku rw'amajwi cyangwa urusaku mu matwi
• Kuzungera
• Kugorwa no kumira ibiryo
• Ibibazo byo kuringaniza

Adenoma ya pituitary (ikibyimba cyo mu gasabo k'ubwonko gagenzura imisemburo)

Izi ndwara zikurira mu gasabo k'ubwonko, gaherereye mu gice cyo hasi cy'ubwonko. Aka gasabo ni ko gafasha mu gukora imisemburo no kugenzura izindi misemburo mu mubiri wacu.

Izi ni na zo ndwara zisanzwe. Umuntu mukuru umwe kuri batanu ashobora kugira ibibyimba bito cyane byo mu bwonko. Ariko inyinshi muri byo ntizikura cyangwa ngo zitere ibibazo.

Abantu barwaye indwara y’uruhererekane yitwa "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)" bari mu kaga ko kurwara iyi ndwara.

Bimwe mu bibyimba byo mu bwonko bitanga imisemburo. Ibi byitwa 'ibibyimba bikora neza'. Ibimenyetso biterwa niba ikibyimba gitanga imisemburo, kandi niba ari byo, ni iyihe misemburo.

• Imisemburo ya Prolactine: Abagore bashobora kugira imihango idahoraho cyangwa ntibagire imihango. Abagabo bashobora kugira amabere menshi.
• Imisemburo ya ACTH: Ibi bitera ibimenyetso by'indwara yitwa "indwara ya Cushing". Urugero, kwiyongera ibiro, gukomereka byoroshye, no gucika intege.
• Imisemburo ya TSH: Igaragaza ibimenyetso by'uko imisemburo ya tiroyide ikora cyane (Hyperthyroidism), nko kugabanya ibiro, kurakara, no kubira ibyuya byinshi.

Izindi bimenyetso bisanzwe:

• Umutwe
• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba cyangwa kureba kabiri
• Kugabanuka k'ubushake bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina
• Ubugumba
• Impinduka mu myitwarire
• Kongera ibiro nta mpamvu

Ubundi bwoko bw'ibibyimba bitari kanseri

Hariho ubundi bwoko bwinshi bw'imbuto.

Hemangioblastoma

Ibi bikura mu mitsi y'amaraso. Bishobora gukura mu bwonko, mu mugongo, cyangwa mu jisho. Biboneka ku bantu bafite indwara y'uruhererekane yitwa "Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome." Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo kugira ibinya mu maguru, gucika intege, kuribwa umutwe, isesemi, no kugorwa no kugenda.

Craniopharyngioma

Ibi bitangirira mu turemangingo turi mu nsi y'ubwonko, hafi y'agahu k'ubwonko. Bishobora kuba udusaho duto cyangwa twuzuyemo amazi (cysts). Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana bari hagati y'imyaka 5 na 14 ndetse n'abantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 45. Bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nko kubyibuha cyane, kugira inyota nyinshi, kudakura neza mu bana, no guhinduka kw'amaso.

Glioma

Ibi bikomoka ku tunyangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo dushyigikira uturemangingo tw’imitsi mu bwonko no mu ruti rw’umugongo. Bigabanyijemo ibyiciro byinshi. Icyiciro cya 1 n’icya 2 ntabwo ari kanseri kandi gikura buhoro buhoro. Icyiciro cya 3 n’icya 4 ni ibibyimba bikomeye kandi bikura vuba.

Ni gute abaganga bamenya niba ibi bibyimba bihari?

Muganga wawe azabanza kukubaza ibimenyetso byawe, nko kubabara umutwe no gucika intege. Hanyuma, ashobora gukora kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira kugira ngo amenye neza indwara:

• CT Scan: Uburyo bukoresha imirasire ya X ikomeye kugira ngo butange amashusho arambuye y'ubwonko.
• MRI Scan: Uburyo bukoresha rukuruzi zikomeye n'imiraba ya radiyo kugira ngo bugaragaze neza ubwonko.
• Isuzuma ry'umubiri: Agace gato cyane k'umubiri gakurwa muri iki kibyimba kagasuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi kugira ngo harebwe niba hari uturemangingo twa kanseri.
• Gutera Indwara mu Mugongo / Gutera Umwobo mu Mugongo: Iki kizamini gikorwa kugira ngo harebwe uturemangingo tudasanzwe mu mazi yo mu mugongo.
• Gupima amaraso n'inkari: Ibi bifasha kureba imisemburo cyangwa ibindi bintu biva mu mubiri biturutse kuri iki kibyimba.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'ubwoko, ingano, n'aho ikibyimba kiri.

• Ibibyimba bito: Nta muti ushobora kuba ukeneye. Muganga wawe akunze gukora scan ya CT cyangwa MRI kugira ngo arebe niba ikibyimba kirimo kwiyongera.
• Ibibyimba binini: Gukuraho ikibyimba ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura. Umuganga uzagerageza gukuraho ikibyimba kinini gishoboka.
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire:Ubu buryo bukoresha imirasire ya X ifite ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo bugabanuke ibibyimba. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa ku bibyimba bidashobora gukurwaho burundu no kubagwa cyangwa byagarutse nyuma yo kubagwa. Stereotactic Radiosurgery ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura imirasire bwibanda ku kibyimba, bigabanya kwangirika kw'ingingo nzima ziyikikije.

Muganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo gahunda nziza yo kuvura, akakuganiriza amahitamo yawe yose. Rero ntugafate ibyemezo wenyine. Buri gihe ubiganireho na muganga wawe.