Ese umwana wawe yarwaye mu muhogo, inkorora, n'umuriro mwinshi? Biroroshye kumva uremerewe cyane—ese ibi ni ibicurane gusa, ibicurane bivugwa na buri wese, wenda RSV, cyangwa se COVID-19? Mu by'ukuri, inyinshi muri izi ndwara ziterwa n'indwara zandura zifata inzira z'ubuhumekero. Kubera ko zandura cyane kandi ibimenyetso byazo akenshi birahurirana, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugorana kumenya neza icyo urimo guhangana na cyo. Reka tuganire ku buryo bwo gutandukanya izi ndwara n'icyo ugomba kureba iyo umwana wawe arwaye.
Gusobanukirwa indwara y'ibicurane isanzwe
Muri make, iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara, ariko muri rusange yoroheje, abana bahura nayo.
Ibimenyetso ni ibihe?
Ibimenyetso by'ibicurane bisanzwe akenshi ni bike. Uzabona cyane cyane umuhogo usharira, izuru riva cyangwa rizibye, no kwitsamura. Iyo umuriro ubaye, akenshi uba uri mu rwego rwo hasi. Ushobora kubona ko nubwo umwana wawe arwaye ibicurane, akomeza gukina, agira ubushake bwo kurya neza, kandi agakomeza gukora cyane, bivuze ko adahangayika cyane.
Ni ibihe bipimo n'uburyo bwo kuvura bikenewe?
Nta bipimo byihariye bitangwa ku ndwara y'ibicurane, ndetse nta n'umuti wihariye uhari. Muri rusange ikira yonyine mu minsi mike. Uburyo bwiza ni ukumenya neza ko umwana wawe aruhuka bihagije kandi agakomeza kugira amazi menshi.
Ese ibicurane bisanzwe bishobora kwirindwa?
Hari virusi nyinshi zitera ibicurane, niyo mpamvu nta rukingo rwihariye ruhari. Ariko, ingeso zoroshye zigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ikwirakwira ryabyo: gukaraba intoki kenshi, gupfuka umunwa n'agatambaro cyangwa inkokora mu gihe ukorora cyangwa witsamuye, no kwitandukanya n'abarwaye.
None se, ibicurane cyangwa grippe ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Ibicurane biterwa na virusi izwi nka virusi ya Grippenza. Ishobora kuba mbi cyane kurusha ibicurane bisanzwe.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibicurane?
Nubwo rimwe na rimwe ibicurane bishobora kuba byoroheje, akenshi birushaho kuba bibi ku mwana kuruta ibicurane bisanzwe. Umuriro mwinshi utunguranye, ubukonje, kuribwa umutwe cyane, no kubabara umubiri ni ibintu bisanzwe cyane. Ushobora kandi kubona ububabare mu muhogo, izuru riva, n'inkorora. Umwana wawe ashobora kugaragara nk'ubabaye cyane cyangwa unaniwe cyane, ndetse no kubura ubushake bwo kurya burundu. Hari abana banagira ububabare mu gifu, isesemi, kuruka, cyangwa impiswi.
Ni ibihe bipimo n'uburyo bwo kuvura ibicurane?
Muganga wawe ashobora kwemeza niba ari ibicurane akoresheje ikizamini cyoroshye cyo gupima mu mazuru. Abana benshi bakira neza mu rugo iyo banyoye amazi menshi, bakaruhuka kandi bagahumurizwa. Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe—cyane cyane iyo indwara ikomeye cyangwa umwana wawe afite ibibazo by’ubuzima—muganga ashobora kuguha umuti ugabanya ubukana bw’indwara ziterwa na virusi kugira ngo worohereze ibimenyetso kandi wihutishe gukira. Iyo indwara ibaye ikomeye, nko mu gihe habayeho ibibazo byo guhumeka, kujya mu bitaro bishobora kuba ngombwa.
Ese hari uburyo bwo kwirinda ibicurane?
Yego! Kubona urukingo rwa buri mwaka rw'ibicurane ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda indwara. Uru rukingo ruvugururwa buri mwaka kugira ngo ruhuze n'ubwoko bushya bwa virusi.
Virusi ya Respiratory Syncytial (RSV) ni iki?
RSV, cyangwa Respiratory Syncytial Virus, ni ubundi bwoko bwa virusi igira ingaruka ku buryo bw'ubuhumekero.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya RSV?
Ubwandu bwa RSV bukunze gutangirira ku bimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane. Ariko, bushobora kuba bubi cyane ku bana bari munsi y'amezi 6 n'abana bari munsi y'imyaka 2. Bushobora gutera bronchiolitis (kubyimba kw'imiyoboro mito y'ubuhumekero mu bihaha) cyangwa umusonga. Ukoresheje RSV, umwana wawe ashobora kugira umuriro, inkorora, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa kugorwa no guhumeka. Ushobora kubona ahumeka vuba cyane, avuga amajwi acuramye, cyangwa agaragaza ko ahumeka mu gituza (aho uruhu rwinjirira mu mbavu). Kurya nabi no kudakora neza nabyo ni ibimenyetso bitagomba kwirengagizwa; shaka ubuvuzi bwihutirwa vuba niba ubibonye.
Ibipimo bya RSV n'ubuvuzi
Ubusanzwe abaganga bapima indwara ya RSV basuzuma ibimenyetso no gukora isuzuma ry’umubiri. Hari igihe ikizamini cy’amazi yo mu mazuru gikoreshwa kugira ngo bamenye virusi. Abana benshi bakira ubwandu bwa RSV bonyine mu minsi mike. Iyo ikibazo gikomeye—kigaragaramo ingorane zo guhumeka cyangwa kunanirwa kurya/kunywa—umwana wawe ashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bwo mu bitaro, harimo inkunga ya ogisijeni cyangwa amazi yo mu mizi .
Uburyo bwo kurinda umwana wawe indwara ya RSV
Ku bw'amahirwe, dufite amahitamo yo kwirinda RSV. Ababyeyi batwite bashobora guhabwa urukingo rwa RSV hagati y'ibyumweru 32-36 batwite kugira ngo batange ubudahangarwa ku mwana. Niba umubyeyi atararuhabwa, abana bari munsi y'amezi 8 bashobora guhabwa urukingo rwa RSV mbere cyangwa mu gihe cy'igihe cya RSV. Byongeye kandi, bamwe mu bana bari hagati y'amezi 8-19 bafite ibyago byinshi (nk'abavutse igihe kitageze cyangwa bafite indwara z'umutima) bashobora kwemererwa guhabwa dose ya kabiri mbere y'igihe cyabo cya kabiri cya RSV. Nyamuneka gisha inama muganga wawe wa Nirogi Lanka kugira ngo akugire inama yihariye.
Noneho, reka tuganire kuri COVID-19
Iri ni izina twese tuzi cyane ubu. Riterwa n'itsinda rya virusi zizwi nka coronaviruses.
Ibimenyetso bya COVID-19
Bamwe mu bana barwaye COVID-19 bashobora kuba badafite ibimenyetso na gato , mu gihe abandi bagaragaza ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane. Bamwe bashobora kugira indwara ikomeye nk'ibicurane. Nkuko mubibona, ibimenyetso bya COVID-19 bihurirana cyane n'ibicurane bisanzwe, RSV, na grippe. Ariko, reba ibimenyetso bitandukanye nko kubura uburyohe cyangwa impumuro, cyangwa uduheri tw'uruhu tudasobanutse.
Hari igihe, ibyumweru nyuma y’ubwandu bwa mbere, abana bashobora kurwara indwara yitwa Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome mu bana (MIS-C) , itera ububyimbirwe mu mikorere itandukanye y’umubiri. Ni gake cyane, bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso by’igihe kirekire bizwi nka Long COVID cyangwa Post-COVID-19 condition.
Gusuzuma no kuvurwa COVID-19
Abaganga bashobora gupima COVID-19 bakoresheje ibizamini byihuse bya antigen cyangwa PCR ku bipimo by'ubuhumekero. Ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo hamenyekane abasirikari b'umubiri bishobora kandi kwerekana niba umwana wawe yari yaranduye mbere.
Abana benshi bafite indwara zoroheje ntibakenera ubuvuzi bwihariye; kuruhuka, kunywa amazi menshi, no kugabanya umuriro (nka parasetamol) birahagije. Ariko, ku bana bake bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara zikomeye (urugero, abafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye cyangwa indwara zikomeye), abaganga bashobora gutanga imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ziterwa na virusi kugira ngo hirindwe ko indwara ikomeza cyane cyangwa ngo ijye mu bitaro.
Abarwaye cyane COVID-19 bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bw’ibitaro, wenda muri ICU. Itsinda ry’abaganga rizatanga ubufasha bwuzuye, harimo ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni, amazi yo mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, n’ubuvuzi bwihariye. Mu bihe bidasanzwe kandi bikomeye, abaganga bashobora gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana bw’indwara ziterwa na virusi, steroide, cyangwa imashini ifasha guhumeka.
Kwirinda COVID-19
Buri wese ufite amezi 6 kuzamura agomba kuba agezweho mu bijyanye n'inkingo ze za COVID-19. Izi nkingo zitanga uburinzi ku bwoko butandukanye busanzwe bukwirakwira kandi zifite akamaro kanini mu gukumira indwara zikomeye, kujyanwa mu bitaro no gupfa.
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi: Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge, inzira nziza ni ukujya kwa muganga ako kanya.Igishobora gusa n'ibicurane bisanzwe gishobora kuba ibicurane, RSV, cyangwa COVID-19. Byongeye kandi, indwara zandurira mu mitsi nka Strep Throat cyangwa pneumonia akenshi zisa n'izi bimenyetso ariko zisaba ubuvuzi butandukanye rwose.
Hari igihe bigorana kumenya neza agakoko gatera iyo ndwara. Abaganga bashobora gukora ibizamini byihariye byo gusuzuma indwara kugira ngo bamenye impamvu. Hari igihe umwana ashobora no kwandura virusi ebyiri icyarimwe, cyangwa ubwandu bumwe bugakurikira ubundi.
Wibuke ko ingaruka z'izi ndwara zishobora gutandukana cyane bitewe n'imyaka y'umwana wawe. Niba ufite uruhinja rufite amezi make gusa, ni byiza ko ujya kwa muganga vuba, nubwo byaba bifite ibimenyetso byoroheje.
Shaka ubuvuzi bwihuse niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso!
Niba umwana wawe agaragaje kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya:
- Indwara y'umwana igenda irushaho kuba mbi buhoro buhoro
- Guhumeka bigoranye (guhumeka vuba, kwinubira, cyangwa igituza gikurura imbere mu gihe uhumeka)
- Umuriro mwinshi, cyane cyane iyo utagabanutse ukoresheje imiti igabanya umuriro
- Kuribwa umutwe cyane
- Kubabara cyane mu muhogo bigatuma bigorana kumira
- Umwana asa n'uwataye umutwe, adakira neza, cyangwa agaragaza gusinzira cyane
- Ububabare bukomeye mu nda
- Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kumva igitutu mu gituza
- Kugorwa no kuguma uri maso cyangwa gukanguka
- Ibara ry'ubururu ku minwa cyangwa mu maso
Niba umwana wawe arwaye asima cyangwa indi ndwara idakira, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba atangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso bya grippe cyangwa COVID-19. Muganga wawe ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kumukorera ibizamini cyangwa gutangiza gahunda yihariye yo kumwitaho.
Ni iki kindi ukwiye kumenya?
Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura isuku burinda ikwirakwira rya mikorobe ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kurwanya izi virusi. Ni ngombwa kuzikoresha buri gihe:
- Karaba intoki kenshi. Koresha isabune n'amazi byibuze amasegonda 20, cyangwa ukoreshe umuti wica udukoko uriho nibura alcool 60%. Igisha abana bawe gukurikiza iyi gahunda.
- Irinde kwegerana n'umuntu wese usa n'urwaye. Jya ushyira abana bato kure cyane cyane abantu bagaragaza ibimenyetso by'uburwayi.
- Sukura ahantu hakora cyane (amatako y'inzugi, aho kubika ibikoresho, robine, ibikinisho, telefoni) nibura rimwe ku munsi ukoresheje umuti wica udukoko.
- Niba umwana wawe arwaye, mugumane mu rugo kugira ngo wirinde ko yanduza abandi indwara.
None se, ni ikihe kintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka?
Babyeyi, kubera ko izi ndwara enye zishobora gufata abana kandi zikagira ibimenyetso bisa, bishobora kugorana kuzitandukanya. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uko niba wumva ufite gushidikanya, ubwoba, cyangwa ubonye umwana wawe akora ibintu bidasanzwe, hamagara muganga ako kanya. Mugire ituze, ariko ntimutinde gushaka inama z'abaganga b'inzobere. Muganga ashobora gusuzuma neza ikibazo no gutanga ubuvuzi bukenewe.
Aho guhangayika wenyine uti "Ni iki kikubayeho ku mwana wanjye?", ese ntabwo ari byiza kuvugana na muganga kugira ngo ubone amahoro yo mu mutima ukeneye?
Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda izi ndwara ni ugukurikiza ingeso z'ubuzima twaganiriyeho—gukaraba intoki no kwirinda abarwayi—no kugenzura neza ko umwana wawe amenyerewe inkingo zose zasabwe. Kurinda abana bacu indwara ni inshingano zacu twese, si byo se? Byazanywe na Nirogi Lanka .
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