Ese nawe urimo ubabara mu kibuno? Ese byaba ari ukuvunika mu kibuno?

Ese nawe wumva ububabare cyangwa kutamererwa neza mu kibuno cyawe cyangwa mu matako yawe? Hari igihe kugwa bitunguranye cyangwa impanuka ikomeye bishobora kwangiza ikibuno cyacu, ni ukuvuga amagufwa yo mu kibuno n'uburyo bw'amagufwa bifitanye isano. Uyu munsi, turaganira ku cyo kuvunika mu kibuno, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, "Uruvunika rw'ikibuno", ari cyo, ikiba iyo bibaye, n'uburyo bwo gukira. Ntutinye, ni ngombwa cyane kubimenya.

Kuvunika kw'ikibuno ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

Muri make, kuvunika kw'ikibuno ni ukuvunika kw'igufwa rimwe cyangwa menshi agize ikibuno cyawe. Ikibuno cyawe kiri munsi y'ikibuno cyawe, hagati y'amagufwa yawe y'ikibuno. Amwe muri ayo magufwa yo mu kibuno ashobora kuba mato, mu gihe andi ashobora kuba akomeye cyane. Biterwa n'uburyo imvune yabayeho n'aho yavunitse.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amagufwa y'ikibuno cyacu?

Ushobora kuba wibaza niba iki kibuno ari igufwa rimwe gusa. Oya, ni uruhurirane rw'amagufwa menshi. Ni nk'impeta ikomeye. Nanone yitwa "Impeta y'impeta". Reba aya magufwa:

• Sakramu: Iri ni igufwa rinini, rifite ishusho ya mpandeshatu riri mu nsi y'umugongo wawe.
• Coccyx: Nkuko twese tubizi, iyi yitwa kandi "igufwa ry'umurizo". Iherereye munsi y'agasabo.
• Amagufwa yo mu kibuno: Aya agizwe n'ibice bitatu by'ingenzi:
• `Ilium` (igice cyo hejuru, giteye ku ruhande rw'igufwa ry'ikibuno)
• `Ischium` (igice cyo hasi n'inyuma cy'ikibuno gikandagira hasi iyo twicaye)
• `Pubis` (igice kiri imbere y'ikibuno)

Aya magufwa yose ahurira hamwe kugira ngo akore impeta yo mu kibuno cyawe. Iyi ni imiterere ikomeye cyane. Nanone, ni muri yo hari imitsi myinshi y'ingenzi, imitsi y'amaraso n'ingingo z'imbere mu myororokere, nk'uruhago, igice cyo hasi cy'inzira y'igogora, birinzwe. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo n'imitsi myinshi yo mu maguru yawe ifatanye n'iyi mpuzandengo. Niyo mpamvu dushobora kugenda, kwiruka no gusimbuka.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imvune zo mu kibuno zihari?

Kubera ko ikibuno ari uruhurirane rw'amagufwa, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'imvune zo mu kibuno. Byongeye kandi, kuvunika kose muri rusange gushobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butandukanye bitewe n'imiterere yako. Reka turebere hamwe:

• Gucika kw'igufwa rifunze cyangwa rifunguye/rifite imvune: Iyo igufwa ryavunitse ariko uruhu rukikije ntirwangirike, bivuze ko nta gikomere kigaragara kirimo, byitwa gucika kw'igufwa rifunze . Ariko, iyo igice cy'igufwa ryavunitse cyamenetse mu ruhu, ni ugucika kw'igufwa rifunguye (rizwi kandi ko ari 'Gucika kw'igufwa rifunze'). Ibi ni bibi kurushaho, kuko hari amahirwe menshi yo kwandura.
• Gucika burundu: Muri ibi, igufwa ricikamo ibice bibiri burundu.
• Ibikomere byacitse: Iki ni cyo gihe ibice bibiri by'igufwa biba byaravuye aho byavunikiye, bigasiga icyuho hagati yabyo.
• Gucika ibice: Muri iki gihe, igufwa ntiricika burundu, nk'aho ricitse.
• Gucika intege mu magufwa: Ibi nabyo ni uduce duto mu igufwa. Bishobora kugaragara ku bakinnyi bahora bafite ubwoko bumwe bw'ihungabana.

Uretse ubwoko bw'imvune zisanzwe, kuvunika kw'ikibuno nabyo bishyirwa mu cyiciro cya ``stable`` cyangwa ``unstabilite`` :

• Gucika kw'igufwa rihamye: Uku ni ukuvunika gukunze kubaho ahantu hamwe gusa mu kibuno, kandi ibice by'amagufwa byavunitse ntibihinduka (bihinduka). Ubwo bwoko bw'imvune zihamye akenshi buterwa n'ibintu bidatera ingaruka mbi, nko kugwa gato cyangwa impanuka yo kwiruka.
• Gucika kw'inyuma kw'inyuma kudahamye: Uku ni ukuvunika kw'inyuma kw'inyuma gushobora kubaho ahantu habiri cyangwa henshi, kandi amagufwa yavunitse ashobora kwimuka. Uku kuvunika akenshi guterwa n'ibintu bikomeye, nko mu mpanuka ikomeye y'imodoka. Birushaho kuba bibi kuko bishobora no kwangiza ingingo z'imbere.

Uretse ibi, hari ubundi bwoko bwihariye bwitwa "Avulsion Fracture ". Ibi bibaho iyo umutsi cyangwa ligament ifatanye n'igufwa icitse, bigatuma agace gato k'igufwa kavamo. Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo ukina siporo.

Ni nde ubangamirwa cyane n'izi mvune zo mu kibuno?

Mu by’ukuri, umuntu wese w’imyaka iyo ari yo yose ashobora kuvunika ikibuno. Ariko, kuvunika gato kw’ikibuno bikunze kugaragara ku bantu bakuze. Ibi biterwa nuko bakunze kugira ibibazo byo kunanirwa amagufwa, nko gucika intege kw’amagufwa, uko bagenda basaza.

Ariko, kuvunika cyane mu kibuno ni byo bikunze kugaragara mu rubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 15 na 28. Iri tsinda ry’imyaka rikunze guhura n’impanuka cyane. Abagabo bari munsi y’imyaka 35 ni bo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara, mu gihe abagore bari hejuru y’imyaka 35 ari bo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara.

Ni mu rugero rungana iki kuvunika kw'ikibuno?

Mu by’ukuri, kuvunika kw’ikibuno ntabwo bikunze kubaho. Bingana na 3% by’imvune zose ku bantu bakuru. Akenshi, ibi bibaho bitewe n’impanuka ikomeye. Tekereza nk’impanuka y’imodoka cyangwa kugwa uvuye uburebure.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ivunika ry'ikibuno?

Ibimenyetso biterwa nuko imvune iba nto cyangwa ikomeye. Dore bimwe mu bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara:

• Kubabara mu kibuno, mu kibuno no mu gice cyo hasi cy'umugongo.
• Ububabare buriyongera iyo umuntu agenda cyangwa agenda amaguru.
• Kumva urimo gushyuha cyangwa gushotora mu gice cy'imbere cyangwa amaguru.
• Ububabare bwo mu nda.
• Kugorwa no kunyara.
• Kugorwa no kugenda cyangwa guhagarara.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, cyane cyane nyuma y'impanuka, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.

Ni iki gitera uku kuvunika kw'ikibuno?

Kuvunika kw'ikibuno bishobora kubaho kubera impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi:

1. Ingaruka zikomeye: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, ikibuno ni urugingo rukomeye rw'amagufwa. Kubwibyo, birashoboka cyane ko rucika iyo habayeho ingaruka nyinshi. Ingero:

• Impanuka z'imodoka na moto.
• Igwa iturutse ahantu harehare cyane (nk'igiti, inyubako).

Ubwo bwoko bw'ibibazo bukunze gutera kuvunika cyane mu kibuno bidakomeye.

2. Indwara zica intege amagufwa: Niba ufite indwara nka osteoporosis, ituma amagufwa yawe aba magufi kandi akagira intege nke, ndetse n'ikintu gito cyane gishobora gutera kuvunika mu kibuno. Ibi bishobora kubaho nubwo waba ukora akazi kawe gasanzwe, cyangwa se ukaba wagwa. Akenshi, izi mvune ziba zihamye.

3. Ibikorwa bya siporo: Ibi ntibikunze kubaho cyane, ariko iyo ukina siporo zimwe na zimwe, ushobora kubona 'Avulsion Fracture' yavuzwe haruguru. Ibi bibaho iyo imitsi ivuye ku igufwa, bigatuma igice cy'igufwa kivamo. Ibi kandi akenshi biba ari imvune ihamye.

Ubibona ute, muganga?

Kugira ngo umenye neza niba ufite ikibazo cyo kuvunika mu kibuno, nta gushidikanya ko uzakenera gupimwa X-ray. Byongeye kandi, muganga wawe ashobora no gukora ibindi bipimo niba ashaka kumenya byinshi ku miterere y'ikibazo.

Ibyo bizamini ni ibihe?

• X-ray: Iyi ikoreshwa mu gufata amafoto y'amagufwa. Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo umenye aho mu kibuno havunitse, uburemere bwabyo, n'uko bikwiye kuvurwa.
• CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Ibi bikubiyemo gufata X-ray nyinshi mu mpande zitandukanye no gukoresha mudasobwa kugira ngo ukore amashusho arambuye. Ibi bishobora gutanga amashusho asobanutse neza kurusha X-ray isanzwe. Muganga wawe ashobora kubigutegeka kugira ngo amenye byinshi ku kuvunika kwawe mu kibuno no kureba niba hari izindi mvune zifitanye isano nabyo.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ibi bikoresha rukuruzi nini, imiraba ya radiyo, na mudasobwa kugira ngo bikore amashusho arambuye y’ingingo zawe n’amagufwa yawe. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kubikora niba X-ray cyangwa CT scan idatanga amakuru ahagije.

Ivurwa ite? Ese buri wese akeneye kubagwa?

Uburyo bwo kuvura imvune yo mu kibuno buterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• Uko imvune yawe iba nto cyangwa ikomeye.
• Imiterere n'ubwoko bw'aho imvune yavunitse.
• Uburyo ibice by'amagufwa byavunitse byimukiye (ese birimutse?)
• Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'uko hari izindi mvune ufite.

Gucikamo ibice bito kandi bihamye, bivuze ko ibice by'amagufwa bitavaho, akenshi ntibisaba kubagwa. Muri ibyo bihe, ubu buryo ni ubu bukurikira:

• Kuruhuka: Muganga wawe azakubwira kuruhuka uko bishoboka kose. Ibi ntibizongera gushyira igitutu ku kibuno cyavunitse kandi bizagufasha gukira vuba.
• Ibikoresho byo gutembera: Bitewe n'aho wavunitse, ushobora kubwirwa gukoresha inkoni, igare ry'abagenda, cyangwa amagare y'abamugaye. Ibi bigufasha kugabanya ibiro ku maguru yawe. Uzakenera kubikoresha mu gihe cy'amezi atatu, cyangwa kugeza igihe ikibuno cyawe kizakira neza.
• Imiti: Muganga wawe azakwandikira imiti igabanya ububabare. Ashobora kandi kukwandikira umuti ugabanya amaraso mu mitsi y'amaguru no mu kibuno kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso mu mitsi y'amaguru yawe no mu kibuno.

Gucika intege cyane cyangwa kudakomera mu kibuno akenshi bisaba kubagwa rimwe cyangwa menshi. Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwo kubagwa:

• Gufata Inyuma: Muri ibi, hakorwa uduce duto duto mu ruhu no mu mitsi kugira ngo agace k'ikibuno kagufashe neza, kandi uduti tw'icyuma cyangwa vis bishyirwa mu magufwa. Utu duti n'vis biva mu ruhu bifatanye n'imigozi iri hanze y'umubiri. Ibi bikora nk'umugozi, bifasha gufata amagufwa yavunitse kugeza akize.
• Gukurura amagufwa: Iyi ni sisitemu y'igufwa iri hanze y'umubiri. Ifasha guhuza ibice by'amagufwa byavunitse. Umuganga w'inzoga ashyira udupira tw'icyuma mu igufwa ry'ikibero cyangwa igufwa ry'uruti rw'umugongo. Ibiremereye bishyirwa kuri utu dupira hanyuma umuganga w'inzoga agakurura ukuguru kwawe. Ibi bituma ibice by'amagufwa yavunitse mu kibuno bisubira mu mwanya wabyo usanzwe.
• Gufungura no Gufata Imbere mu Mutwe (ORIF): Muri ubu buvuzi, ibice by'amagufwa yo mu kibuno byakuweho bibanza kwimurirwa mu mwanya wabyo usanzwe. Hanyuma, ibice bishyirwa hamwe bigafatwa n'imisumari cyangwa ibyuma biri inyuma y'igufwa.

Umuntu wavunitse cyane mu kibuno mu mpanuka ikomeye akunze kugira izindi mvune zo mu nda. Izi nazo zizakenera kuvurwa. Muri icyo gihe, gukira kw'imvune mu kibuno bizaterwa n'uburyo izo mvune zindi zikize neza.

Ese kuvunika kw'ikibuno gushobora gukira ukwako?

Imivune mito kandi ihamye yo mu kibuno ikunze gukira hatabayeho ubufasha bwa muganga, nko kubagwa. Ariko, nubwo waba wavunitse gato, ugomba kugabanya umuvuduko ku kibuno no ku maguru yawe no kuruhuka bihagije kugira ngo bifashe gukira neza. Niba ubona ko wavunitse gato, ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga vuba bishoboka.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo imvune yo mu kibuno ikire?

Ubusanzwe bifata ibyumweru 8 kugeza kuri 12 kugira ngo imvune yo mu kibuno ikire neza. Vune ikomeye cyane, cyane cyane niba ufite izindi mvune cyangwa ibibazo by'uburwayi, ishobora gufata igihe kirekire.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera kuvunika kw'ikibuno?

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera kuvunika kw'ikibuno:

• Kurwara osteoporosis: Abantu bafite iyi ndwara baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kuvunika ikibuno.
• Gukubita kenshi: Cyane cyane ku bantu bakuze, iyo baguye kenshi, baba bafite amahirwe menshi yo kuvunika amagufwa yabo yo mu kibuno.
• Gukina imikino imwe n'imwe: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, abantu bakina imikino imwe n'imwe bashobora kurwara `Avulsion Fracture`.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo wirinde kuvunika kw'ikibuno?

Bitewe n'imyaka yawe n'imibereho yawe, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora kugerageza kugira ngo wirinde kuvunika kw'ikibuno:

• Koresha icyuma gifasha kugenda niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kugwa: Gukoresha inkoni cyangwa icyuma gifasha kugenda bishobora gufasha kwirinda kugwa.
• Fata neza: Impanuka z'ibinyabiziga zitera ingaruka mbi ni zo mpamvu zikomeye zitera kuvunika mu kibuno. Buri gihe twara neza, kurikiza amategeko y'umuhanda, kandi wirinde ibintu bikurangaza mu gihe utwaye imodoka.
• Kurikiza amabwiriza y'umutekano mu gihe ukoresha urwego: Mu gihe ukoresha urwego, menya neza ko rwakozwe neza kandi mu mutekano. Buri gihe banza urebe ko urwego ruri mu mwanya uhamye mbere yo kurukoresha.
• Niba ukina siporo, kurambura neza kandi ukore imyitozo ngororamubiri: Kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kuvunika kw'imitsi bitewe no kwangirika kw'imitsi, banza wishyushye mbere yo gukora siporo kandi ukore imyitozo ngororamubiri yihariye.

Ni iki giteganyijwe ku kuvunika kw'ikibuno?

Ibi biterwa n'uburemere n'ubwoko bw'imvune. Imivune mito kandi ihamye yo mu kibuno ikunze gukira neza iyo ivuwe kandi ikagenda nta ngorane z'igihe kirekire.

Ariko, kuvunika cyane kandi kudahindagurika kw'ikibuno guterwa n'ihungabana rikomeye, nk'impanuka z'imodoka, bishobora gutera ingorane nko kuva amaraso menshi, kwangirika kw'ingingo zikikije, n'imitsi. Iyo izi mvune zijyanye nazo zivuwe neza, imvune zo mu kibuno zikunze gukira neza.

Ese kuvunika kw'ikibuno bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga?

Yego, rimwe na rimwe. Gucika intege mu kibuno bidahamye kandi bigoye guterwa n’ihungabana rikomeye, nko mu mpanuka y’imodoka cyangwa kugwa uvuye ku burebure bunini, bishobora kwangiza ingingo, imitsi, n’imitsi y’amaraso ikikije ikibuno cyawe. Ibi bikomere bishobora gutera ubumuga bw’ingingo, kuva amaraso menshi, no kwandura. Ibi bishobora kuba indwara zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kwihutira gushaka ubuvuzi.

Ese kuvunika kw'ikibuno bishobora gutera ingorane?

Gucika intege mu kibuno bikomeye kandi bidakomeye bishobora gutera ingorane kurusha gucika intege gato. Izi ngorane zikunze kubaho bitewe no kwangirika kw'imitsi cyangwa ingingo ziterwa no kuvunika mu kibuno. Ingorane zo kuvunika mu kibuno zirimo:

• Ububabare budakira
• Kutagenda neza
• Imibonano mpuzabitsina idakora neza
• Amaraso apfundika mu mitsi miremire (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT)

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'imvune mu kibuno, nko kubabara mu kibuno no kugorwa no kugenda cyangwa guhagarara, hamagara muganga wawe vuba, cyangwa ujye ku bitaro biri hafi yawe.

Niba waramaze gufatwa n'indwara yo kuvunika mu kibuno, kandi ukagaragaza ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa biteye impungenge, menya neza ko wahamagaye muganga wawe.

Ni iki ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kuvunika mu kibuno, byaba byiza ubajije muganga wawe ibi bibazo:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imvune mfite?
• Ni ayahe magufwa yo mu kibuno cyanjye yafashwe n'indwara?
• Gahunda yanjye yo kuvurwa isa ite?
• Bizafata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo imvune yanjye ikire?
• Ni ryari nshobora gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe?

Wibuke ko nubwo ikibuno cyawe ari imiterere ikomeye y'igufwa, gishobora kuvunika. Kuvunika ikibuno birababaza, bityo ukeneye ubufasha ako kanya. Kubera ko ikibuno cyawe kirinda imitsi myinshi y'ingenzi, imiyoboro y'amaraso, n'ingingo, muganga wawe azashaka kwemeza ko kuvunika nta bindi bikomere by'imbere byateye. Niba kandi uhangayikishijwe n'indwara yo kubura amaraso, vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibyo.

Amaherezo, ibuka ibi (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

None se, uyu munsi twavuze byinshi ku bijyanye no kuvunika kw'ikibuno, si byo se? Dore bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Kuvunika mu kibuno si ikintu cyoroshye gufata. Bishobora guterwa no kugwa gato, cyangwa bikaba impanuka ikomeye.
• Niba ugize ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu kibuno, mu kibuno, cyangwa mu mugongo, cyangwa kugorwa no kugenda , cyane cyane nyuma y’impanuka, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihutirwa.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'imiterere y'aho imvune yavunitse. Ishobora gukira iyo umuntu aruhutse kandi agafashwa, cyangwa igasaba kubagwa.
• Kuruhuka bihagije no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ukire vuba.
• Niba hari ibintu bishobora gutera indwara (imyaka, osteoporosis, kugwa kenshi), ni byiza kubimenya no gufata ingamba zo kwirinda.

Ntutinye, ariko ntukabirengagize. Uzi umubiri wawe neza. Niba wumva ikintu kidasanzwe, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo akugire inama.

Kuvunika kw'igituza, kuvunika, ikibuno, ikibuno, impanuka , ubuzima bw'amagufwa