Iyo turwaye tukajya kwa muganga, baravuga bati "Ngwino upime amaraso," si byo se? Hanyuma tujya muri laboratwari y'ubuvuzi, ni ukuvuga laboratwari. Hari umuntu ukoresha urushinge kugira ngo afate amaraso make mu kuboko kwacu. Hari abantu bumva bafite ubwoba kandi bafite ubwoba muri iki gihe. Ariko uyu ni umuntu wahawe amahugurwa yihariye kuri aka kazi kandi abizi neza. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri uwo muganga, ni ukuvuga umuganga w'indwara zo mu bwoko bwa Phlebotomist.
Mu magambo make, uyu muganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe ni nde?
Umuganga w’indwara z’uruhu ni inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi watojwe by’umwihariko gufata amaraso. Bafata amaraso y’abantu bakuru n’abana. Amaraso aboneka muri ubu buryo apimwa muri laboratwari z’ubuvuzi kandi agakoreshwa mu gusuzuma indwara cyangwa gukurikirana indwara zimwe na zimwe. Abaganga b’indwara z’uruhu ni bo bakusanya amaraso iyo umuntu atanze amaraso.
Nubwo abandi baganga, nk'abaforomo, nabo bashobora gukurura amaraso, uyu ni wo murimo w'ingenzi kandi wihariye w'umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi. Niyo mpamvu bafite ubuhanga muri aka kazi.
Ijambo "Phlebotomy" rikomoka ku rurimi rw'Ikigereki. "Phleb" bivuga "imitsi" na "tomia" bivuga "gukata." Ibyo rero bikubiyemo muri make imiterere y'uyu mwuga, si byo se?
Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kubona amaraso
Umuganga w’indwara z’uruhu akura amaraso mu buryo butatu bw’ingenzi.
| Uburyo | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Gutera imitsi mu mutsi | Ubu ni bwo buryo busanzwe twese tuzi: gushyira urushinge mu mutsi uri ku kuboko, akenshi hafi y'inkokora, no gukuramo amaraso. |
| Gutera intoki | Gutobora gato ku rutoki kugira ngo ubone igitonyanga cy'amaraso. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mu bintu nko gupima isukari mu maraso kugira ngo umenye diyabete. |
| Imitsi y'agatsinsino | Ibi bikorwa ku bana bavutse. Amaraso afatwa mu gatsinsino kabo. |
Ni izihe nshingano z'ingenzi z'umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe (Phlebotomist)?
Umuganga w’indwara z’uruhu afite inshingano nyinshi zirenze gukurura amaraso gusa. Ibi byose bikorwa kugira ngo urebe neza umutekano wawe n’ukuri kw’ikizamini cyawe.
| Inshingano | Ibyo bivuze iki? |
|---|---|
| Gutegura abarwayi | Kuvuga no gutuza umuntu utinya inshinge kandi ufite ubwoba. Bazi gukorana neza cyane cyane n'abana bato. |
| Kugenzura umwirondoro w'umuntu ku giti cye | Mbere yo gufata amaraso, bakubaza izina ryawe n'imyaka yawe kugira ngo bamenye neza ko uri umuntu nyakuri. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane, kuko iyo amaraso avanze, bizaba ikibazo gikomeye. |
| Gusukura ibikoresho | Dukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ibikoresho byose bikoreshwa, cyane cyane inshinge, bisukurwe kandi bisukure. Ibi bizakurinda kwandura indwara. |
| Gushyira ibimenyetso by'amaraso ku maraso neza | Nyuma yo gukururwa amaraso yawe, izina ryawe n'inomero yawe byandikwa neza ku muyoboro (agacupa). |
| Ubufasha ku ngaruka mbi | Hari abantu bashobora kumva bacitse intege nyuma yo gukurwa amaraso. Banatojwe kubafasha iyo bibaye. |
| Gutunganya no kohereza ingero | Ni inshingano zabo kandi kubika no gukurikirana neza ingero z'amaraso yakusanyijwe kugeza igihe yoherejwe muri laboratwari. |
Ni iki koko kibaho iyo amaraso yawe afashwe?
Reka turebe intambwe ku yindi uburyo bwo gutanga amaraso bukora iyo ugiye muri laboratoire. Kubimenya bizagabanya cyane ubwoba bwawe.
1. Intangiriro no kwemeza: Ubwa mbere, umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe azaguseka akakubwira uwo ari we. Hanyuma, azagusaba izina ryawe n'ibisobanuro birambuye kugira ngo yemeze umwirondoro wawe.
2. Kwitegura: Hanyuma, azakwambika uturindantoki ku ntoki. Hanyuma azakwambika agapira ko kuzenguruka ukuboko kwawe ko hejuru. Ibi bizafasha kugenzura amaraso atembera neza kandi byoroshye kubona umutsi.
3. Kumenya umutsi: Hanyuma, aho amaraso yakuwe hasukurwa neza n'agapfukamunwa ka alcool. Hanyuma, akanda umutsi n'urutoki rwe kugira ngo ahitemo umutsi mwiza wo gukuramo amaraso.
4. Gushyira urushinge: Aha niho urushinge rwinjizwa mu mitsi. Muri iki gihe, uzumva urushinge ruto, nk'aho urumwe n'ikinyogote , ariko ruzamara amasegonda make gusa. Guhumeka cyane bizakorohereza.
5. Gukusanya amaraso: Nyuma yo gushyira urushinge mu mutsi, agacupa gato (agacupa) kawufatanye karuzuramo amaraso. Bitewe n'ibizamini muganga yagutegetse, umuyoboro umwe cyangwa myinshi ishobora kuzuzwa.
6. Kurangiza: Nyuma yo gukusanya amaraso akenewe, tourniquet irarekurwa hanyuma urushinge rugakurwaho witonze.
7. Guhagarika kuva amaraso: Bazagusaba gushyira agace k'ipamba hejuru y'aho watoboye hanyuma ukagafataho akanya gato. Hanyuma bazashyiraho agapira gato kuri ako gace. Noneho urangije!
Wibuke ko iki gikorwa cyose kimara iminota mike gusa. Niba wumva ufite ubwoba, bwira umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi. Azagufasha.
Umuganga w’indwara z’uruhu akora he?
Umuganga w’indwara z’uruhu ni umuntu w’ingenzi cyane mu nzego nyinshi z’ubuvuzi. Ubusanzwe akora ahantu nka:
- Laboratwari z'ubuvuzi
- Ibitaro bya leta n'iby'abikorera ku giti cyabo
- Ibigo nderabuzima by'abaturage
- Ibiro by'abaganga
- Ibigo bitanga amaraso n'ibiro bitanga amaraso
- Amazu y'ubufasha n'amazu y'abageze mu za bukuru
Ni iki ukeneye gukora kugira ngo ube umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe (Phlebotomist)?
Kubera ko uyu mwuga nawo ari umwuga ukenewe, bisaba amahugurwa yihariye n'impamyabushobozi. Muri Sri Lanka, ibi akenshi bisaba impamyabumenyi cyangwa amasomo y'impamyabumenyi aturuka mu kigo cyemewe.
Izi ni intambwe rusange zo kuba umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe:
1. Impamyabumenyi y'uburezi: Kurangiza G.C.E. (Urwego rusanzwe) cyangwa (Urwego rwo hejuru) ni impamyabushobozi y'ibanze.
2. Amahugurwa: Kwiga amasomo ya Phlebotomy mu kigo cyemewe. Aya masomo ashobora kurangira mu gihe kitarenze umwaka. Atanga ubumenyi bw'imitekerereze n'amahugurwa yo kwifashisha mu kazi.
3. Amahugurwa ngiro: Uzakenera guhugurwa ngiro n'umuganga w'inararibonye mu bitaro cyangwa muri laboratwari.
4. Kubona Impamyabumenyi: Umaze kurangiza neza amasomo n'amahugurwa, uzahabwa icyemezo kijyanye nayo.
Mu bihugu by'amahanga, hari urwego rutandukanye rw'ibyemezo kuri ibi. Urugero:
- Umuhanga mu by'ubuvuzi bw'indwara zo mu mutwe (LPT): Yemerewe gukura amaraso gusa ku ruhu (nk'intoki).
- Umuhanga mu by'ubuvuzi bw'indwara zo mu mutwe (CPT I) wemewe: Yemerewe gukura amaraso mu ruhu no mu mitsi.
- Umuhanga mu by'ubuvuzi bwa Phlebotomy II (CPT II): Yemerewe gufata amaraso mu ruhu, mu mitsi, ndetse no mu mitsi (gutobora imitsi).
Ibi bigaragaza uburyo ubumenyi bwihariye uyu mwuga usaba.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Umuganga w’indwara z’amenyo ni inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi wahawe amahugurwa yihariye kandi uzi neza kugufasha gukuramo amaraso.
- Nubwo gukurura amaraso bishobora gutera ubwoba kandi bikababaza, batojwe kubikora mu buryo burangwa n'umutekano kandi butababaza uko bishoboka kose.
- Kugenzura umwirondoro wawe no kubungabunga ibikoresho byawe ni bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi mu kazi kabo. Babikora ku bw'umutekano wawe.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga w’indwara z’ibisebe mbere yo kuvomwa amaraso. Azagusobanurira byose kandi agufashe kumva umerewe neza.
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