Reka twige ku bijyanye no gushyira stent mu mitsi ijyana impyiko? (Kuba stent mu mitsi y'impyiko)

Ese ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso? Ushobora kuba ufata imiti irenze imwe kugira ngo ugenzure umuvuduko w'amaraso. Ariko niba ugifite ikibazo cyo kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso, impamvu ishobora kuba ifunga ry'imitsi itanga amaraso mu mpyiko. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku buryo bwitwa 'Renal Artery Stenting' bukoreshwa muri bene ibyo bihe. Ntugatinye iyo ubyumvise, reka dusobanukirwe byose kuri byo mu buryo bworoshye.

Kuvura imitsi y'impyiko (Renal Artery Stenting) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, imiyoboro y'amaraso ijyana amaraso mu mpyiko ebyiri mu mubiri wacu yitwa 'imitsi y'impyiko'. Kimwe n'imiyoboro ibiri y'ingenzi ijyana amazi mu busitani. Hari igihe ibintu nk'ibinure byiyongera muri iyi miyoboro y'amaraso (iyi ndwara yitwa '(Atherosclerosis)`) maze inzira iri imbere mu mitsi ikaba nto. Ibi tubyita 'stenosis y'imitsi y'impyiko'.

Tekereza ikintu kimeze nk'umuyoboro w'amazi ufunze ingese. Hanyuma inzira y'amazi iragabanuka, sibyo? Mu buryo nk'ubwo, inzira ijya mu mpyiko irafungwa.

Uburyo bwo kuvura impyiko bukoresha uburyo bwo gufungura, cyangwa kugumana umuyoboro w'amaraso ufunze. Muri ubwo buryo, umuyoboro muto cyane w'icyuma (stent) ushyirwa mu gace kafunze, ugafungura umuyoboro. Hanyuma, amaraso atangira gutembera neza mu mpyiko.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri kibaho iyo umutsi w'impyiko ufunze?

Nkuko mubizi, imwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi z'impyiko zacu ni ukuyungurura amaraso no gukuramo imyunyu n'amazi bitari ngombwa mu mubiri nk'inkari. Iyo ingano y'amaraso atemba mu mpyiko igabanutse, ntishobora gukora uyu murimo neza. Hanyuma, amazi atangira kwirundanya mu mubiri.

Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo hari ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi kibaho. Iyo impyiko 'yumva' ko amaraso ari make ayigana, itekereza ko umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mubiri wose wagabanutse. Rero, kugira ngo wongere umuvuduko w'amaraso, impyiko irekura imisemburo yihariye yitwa '(renin)'. Iyi misemburo ituma imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mubiri ikomera. Ariko ikibaho ni uko umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mubiri ushobora kuba uri ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane muri icyo gihe.

Ni nde ukeneye stent?

Si abantu bose bafite umutsi w’impyiko wafunze bazakenera stent. Mu gihe runaka cyihariye, muganga wawe azagusaba gusa ubu buryo.

Ni ibihe bizamini bikorwa mbere yo gukoresha stent?

Mbere yo gufata icyemezo cyo gushyiramo stent, muganga wawe azakora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo amenye neza uburyo imitsi yawe yazibye.

• Duplex Doppler Ultrasonography: Ibi ni nk'isuzuma risanzwe. Rikoresha imiraba y'amajwi kugira ngo ripime uburyo imitsi y'amaraso yagabanutse n'uburyo amaraso atembera vuba.
• Isuzuma rya Computed Tomography (CT Angiogram): Ibi bikubiyemo gutera irangi ryihariye mu mitsi yawe no gukoresha CT scanner kugira ngo ufate ishusho y'imitsi mu buryo bwa 3D. Ibi bigufasha kubona neza aho imitsi yazibye.
• Indwara ya Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA): Ibi bisa na MRI scan. Haterwa irangi hanyuma imbaraga za rukuruzi zigakoreshwa mu gukora amashusho asobanutse neza y’imitsi y’amaraso.
• Angiogramu: Ubu buryo ni bwo bwiza cyane. Muri ubu buryo, umuyoboro muto cyane (catheter) ushyirwa mu mutsi uri mu kibuno cyangwa mu kuboko hanyuma ukajyanwa mu mutsi w'impyiko. Hanyuma, haterwa irangi muri wo hanyuma hagafatwa X-ray kugira ngo barebe uko amaraso atemba. Gutera stent akenshi bikorwa muri iki kizamini.

Icy'ingenzi: Mbere y'ibi bizamini, ugomba kubwira muganga wawe imiti yose ufata (cyane cyane imiti igabanya amaraso nka aspirine) hamwe n'ibindi byose ushobora kugira ubwivumbure.

Kubaga stent bikorwa gute?

Ubu si ukubagwa gukomeye. Ntabwo usinzirizwa. Uhabwa umuti witwa 'sedation' kugira ngo ugire impumuro nziza kandi usinzire. Bityo ntukumva ububabare kandi ntukibuke nyuma yaho.

Uburyo bwo kuvura ni ubu bukurikira gusa:

1. Hakorwa akantu gato cyane (milimetero nke) mu ruhu rw'ikibuno cyawe cyangwa ku kuboko kwawe.

2. Binyuze muri yo, umuyoboro woroshye (agatambaro) winjizwa mu mutsi.

3. Binyuze muri uwo muyoboro, undi muyoboro muto cyane (catheter) woherezwa mu mutsi ufunze mu mpyiko.

4. Hanyuma, agapira gato kari ku mpera y'umuyoboro karashyirwamo umwuka kugira ngo kagure ahantu hafunganye.

5. Amaherezo, stent isa n'urushundura twavuze mbere ishyirwa ahantu hagutse. Stent ikanda ku rukuta rw'imitsi, bigatuma imitsi ifunguka.

6. Istent ishyirwa aho burundu, agapira n'umuyoboro birakurwaho, aho gukata birafungwa, hanyuma hagashyirwa igitambaro.

Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Nkuko bigenda ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, hari ibyiza n'ingaruka ntoya.

Nyuma yo kuvurwa, uzakenera kumara amasaha make mu bitaro cyangwa wenda ijoro ryose. Uzashobora gusubira mu mirimo isanzwe mu minsi mike nyuma yo gutaha. Uzashobora gukomeza imirimo yawe isanzwe mu cyumweru kimwe.Igikuru ni ugufata imiti igabanya amaraso (nka `Aspirin`, `Clopidogrel`) wanditswe na muganga wawe neza neza mu gihe runaka. Ntugahagarike gufata imiti utabanje kubibaza muganga.

Ni ryari ngomba kongera kubonana na muganga?

Nubwo stent imaze gushyirwaho, ugomba kujya gusura muganga nyuma yo kuyikurikirana nk'uko muganga abigusaba, kuko rimwe na rimwe stent cyangwa ikindi gice gishobora kongera gufunga.

Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya:

• Niba urwaye umuriro.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka.
• Iyo habayeho uduheri ku ruhu.
• Niba ahantu hinjijwemo umuyoboro hatukura, habyimbye, hababaza, cyangwa niba hari amaraso cyangwa amabyi bivamo.
• Niba ukuguru ku ruhande rwavuwe kubabara, gukonja, cyangwa kwera.
• Niba utangiye kugira ububabare bushya mu nda yawe cyangwa ku ruhande rwavuwe.
• Niba wumva umeze nk'ufite isereri kandi umuvuduko w'amaraso ukagabanuka cyane.

Indwara ya stent ni igice cy'umubiri gihoraho. Akenshi ntigira ububabare. Nubwo ishobora gufasha abantu benshi kugenzura umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, ushobora gukenera gufata imiti yo kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso. Muganga wawe azabigufatira bitewe n'uko urwaye.