Ese umwana wawe abona isi mu buryo butandukanye? Reka tuvuge ku ndwara yo gupima ibyiyumvo (SPD)!

Ese wigeze ubona ko bamwe mu bana bato, ndetse rimwe na rimwe n'abantu bakuru, bababazwa cyane n'agatambaro gato ku myenda yabo? Cyangwa bagatungurwa n'urusaku ruke? Wenda ni umwana wawe bwite. Tekereza nawe, bamwe mu bana bararira umunsi wose nubwo ikariso y'imyenda yabo y'ishuri yaba ifunze gato. Impamvu y'ibintu nk'ibyo ishobora kuba idasanzwe nkuko tubitekereza. Ibi byitwa Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) .

Indwara yo Gutunganya Ibyumviro (SPD) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, SPD ni impinduka ntoya mu buryo ubwonko bwawe busobanura kandi bugasubiza amakuru aturuka mu byumviro byawe - amaso yawe, amatwi, amazuru, ururimi, n'uruhu. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku byo ubona, wumva, impumuro, uburyohe, n'ibyo ukoraho gusa, ahubwo binagira ingaruka ku ngendo zawe.

Ubusanzwe abaganga n'ababyeyi bakunze kumenya iyi ndwara mu bana bato. Ariko, ishobora no kwibasira abantu bakuru. Ikunze kugaragara cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara z'imitsi n'ubwonko nka Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) cyangwa Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Ariko, birashoboka kugira SPD wenyine nta zindi ndwara.

SPD ntabwo ari indwara yemewe ku mugaragaro, ariko n'abaganga ubu barimo kumenya ibyiza byo kumenya no kuvura iyi ndwara, cyane cyane ku bafite ingorane mu gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hagati y’umuntu umwe na batatu muri buri bantu makumyabiri muri rusange bashobora kuba bafite SPD. Uyu mubare uri hejuru cyane mu bantu bafite indwara z’imitsi.

Abantu bafite (SPD) babona isi bate? Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa (SPD)?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa SPD. Ibi bivuze ko abantu bose batagerwaho n'ingaruka zimwe. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi.

Uburyo bwo kumva ibintu bikabije (SOR)

Ubwo bwoko bw'abantu bugira ingaruka ku makuru y'ibanga vuba cyane, cyane, cyangwa igihe kirekire kurusha umuntu usanzwe. Ndetse n'ibintu bito bikunze kutamenyekana cyangwa kwihanganirwa n'abandi bishobora kubatera agahinda gakomeye.

Tekereza nawe, ese umwana wawe ntakunda ikimenyetso gishya kiri ku myambaro ye y'ishuri? Cyangwa se yima amatwi ijwi ry'umushongi w'imashini? Ese rimwe na rimwe biramugora iyo umuntu amukozeho? Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya SOR. Ibi si ibintu akora nkana.

Kudasobanukirwa neza kw'amatwi (SUR)

Aha, ibinyuranye n'ibyo ni ukuri. Ni ukuvuga ko kugira ngo bumve ikintu runaka, bakeneye amakuru menshi y'ibyumviro kurusha umuntu usanzwe. Hari igihe bashobora no kutagira ibyo bumva, cyangwa bagatinda gusubiza.

Urugero, ese wigeze ubona umwana muto agwa cyangwa agakomereka bikomeye ntabyiteho? Cyangwa se ntareba inyuma iyo umuhamagaye, cyangwa ntagaragaze ko ashishikajwe no gufata igikinisho iyo umuhaye? Ibi bishobora kuba bifitanye isano na (SUR).

Abantu bahora bashaka amarangamutima (Sensory Craving - SC)

Abantu nk'aba bahora bashaka gushishikazwa. Bahora bashaka uburyo runaka bwo kumva. Ariko, iyo babonye ubwo buryo bwo gushishikazwa, barushaho kujijisha, kandi icyo cyifuzo ntikinyurwa.

Tekereza umwana uhora ahinda umushyitsi, yiruka, asimbuka, agwa mu bintu, agerageza gukora ku kintu cyose, akabishyira mu kanwa ke, asimbuka hejuru no hasi, azenguruka hirya no hino. Hari igihe bene iyi myitwarire ishobora guterwa na (SC). Bisa nkaho bigoye kuba acecetse.

Abantu bafite ingorane zo gutandukanya no kumenya amarangamutima (Sensory Discrimination Disorder)

Iki ni cyo gihe ugorwa no gusobanukirwa itandukaniro rito riri mu makuru y’ibyumviro. Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw’iyi ndwara. Urugero, umuntu ufite ikibazo cyo kumva agorana gusobanukirwa ibyo yumva. Ashobora kwitiranya iyo umuntu arimo kuvuga, cyangwa ntashobore gutandukanya ijwi rimwe n’irindi.

Indwara zo mu mwanya w'umuntu

Abantu bafite iyi ndwara ntibabasha kumenya neza aho umubiri wabo uhagaze mu kirere. Ibi bivuze ko bagira ingorane zo kugumana imbaraga zo mu nda iyo bagenda, biruka, cyangwa bahagaze gusa. Bashobora kugerageza kwishingikiriza ku rukuta iyo bahagaze, cyangwa bagasanga badashobora kwicara neza mu ntebe no kuzunguruka.

Ibibazo byo guhuza ibikorwa (Dyspraxia)

Ibi bishobora guteza ibibazo byinshi mu bijyanye no kugenda no guhuza imikorere. Bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buhanga bwawe bw'imitsi, nko kwiruka, gusimbuka no kuzamuka ingazi, ndetse no ku buhanga bwawe bwo gukora imitsi myiza, nko kwandika, gukanda buto, no gukata ukoresheje imikasi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe bya (SPD)?

Ibimenyetso bya SPD biratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bwabyo. Hashobora kubaho ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Ariko, bimwe mu bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara birimo:

• Ahora ahura n'ibintu akabigwa hasi (ni nk'aho amaboko ye yashizemo ibinure).
• Hari ubwoko bw'imyenda iteye ubwoba bitewe n'imiterere y'imyenda. Nubwo waca icyapa, wumva ko irimo kubabaza uruhu.
• Ibiryo bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera isesemi no kuruka iyo ubiriye, cyane cyane bitewe n'imiterere yabyo.
• Buri gihe numva nkeneye gukorakora no gukorakora ikintu.
• Biragoye kumva umwanya w'abandi. Bahora bakorakora kandi bagahoberana.
• Agira icyo akora cyane (atinya, arataka, ararira) iyo umuntu akoze ku mubiri we, amajwi menshi n'amatara yaka cyane.
• Kugorwa no gukoresha neza imitsi yo mu mubiri. Kugorwa no gufata ikaramu neza, gufunga imishumi y'inkweto, cyangwa gukoresha ikiyiko neza mu gihe urya.

SPD ishobora kugira ingaruka ku rugingo rumwe gusa cyangwa izindi ngingo nyinshi. Nanone, ubukana bw'ibi bimenyetso buratandukanye bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye.

Ni izihe mpamvu za SPD? Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye?

Abashakashatsi ntibarabona impamvu yihariye itera SPD, ariko ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko imiterere y’uturemangingo n’ibidukikije bishobora kugira uruhare.

Hari isano ikomeye hagati ya SPD n'ihindagurika ry'imitsi. Hariho kandi isano ifitanye n'indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu mutwe. SPD ikunze kugaragara hamwe n'izi zikurikira:

• Indwara ya Autism Spectrum (ASD)
• Indwara yo kudahangarwa neza/Guhangayika cyane (ADHD)
• Indwara ya Bipolar
• Gutinda mu iterambere
• Indwara yo kudasobanukirwa neza amarangamutima (DMDD)
• Indwara yo kwiheba no guhangayika (OCD)
Schizophrenia-amarangamutima `(Schizophrenia)`
• Indwara zihariye zo mu myigire

Ariko ibuka ko ushobora kugira SPD nubwo udafite indi ndwara y’imitsi cyangwa ubwonko.

Ni gute abaganga bapima indwara ya SPD?

(SPD) ntabwo iramenyekana neza nk'indwara yemewe, kandi nta bipimo nyabyo bishingirwaho mu kuyisuzuma, bityo rimwe na rimwe ifatwa nabi. Ariko, abaganga n'abatanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi barimo gusobanukirwa neza iyo ndwara n'akamaro ko kuyivura.

Niba ubona ko imyitwarire y'umwana wawe mu bijyanye n'ibyumviro idasanzwe, muganga w'abana w'umwana wawe ashobora kukwohereza kwa muganga w'inzobere mu by'ubuzima . Aba bahanga bashobora kureba imyitwarire y'umwana wawe no gusuzuma niba afite SPD. Bazabaza kandi ibimenyetso by'umwana wawe, imyitwarire ye, n'amateka ye y'ubuzima kugira ngo bagufashe gusuzuma. Bitewe n'ibyo umwana wawe akeneye byihariye, muganga w'abana ashobora no kukwohereza ku bandi bahanga.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura (SPD)?

Nta muti uhari wa SPD. Ariko, uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura indwara y'akazi bushobora gufasha mu kugabanya ibimenyetso bya SPD. Ubu buryo ni ingenzi cyane cyane iyo iyi ndwara igira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe cyangwa bw'umwana wawe bwa buri munsi.

Abavuzi b'inzobere mu by'ubuzima bw'imyororokere (cyane cyane abaganga b'inzobere mu by'ubuzima bw'abana) bashobora kugufasha mu bintu nk'ibi:

• Kugera ku ntambwe z'iterambere ry'abana (urugero: ubuhanga bwo gukora neza no gukoresha neza imitsi).
• Kunoza kwita ku buzima bwawe n'ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi.
• Kunoza ubuhanga mu gukina no gusabana n'abandi.
• Teza imbere ubuhanga n'imyitwarire yo kwigenzura.

(SPD) ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice byose by'ubuzima. Abavuzi b'inzobere mu by'ubuzima batanga ingamba zo gufasha abantu b'ingeri zose guhangana n'ibi bibazo by'amarangamutima.

Ubuvuzi bwo guhuza imikorere y'amatwi

Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa kandi butanga umusaruro ku buvuzi bwa SPD. Bukubiyemo guha wowe cyangwa umwana wawe ibitekerezo n'ubunararibonye bikenewe no kumwigisha kumenyera, cyangwa kumenyera. Ibi bikorwa ku bufatanye n'umuvuzi w'inzobere mu by'ubuzima.

Ibi akenshi bikubiyemo gukora ibikorwa byihariye by’ibyumviro bihuye n’ibyo ukeneye. Ibi bigufasha kugenzura uko ibyumviro byawe bihagaze. Ushobora gukoresha ibyumviro byawe utiriwe urengerwa nabyo. Ushobora kandi kwiga ubuhanga bwo guhangana n’ibibazo kugira ngo uhangane n’amwe mu makuru y’ibyumviro uhura na byo mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kumva butuma umuntu yitonda , bugatuma imyitwarire ye irushaho kuba myiza, kandi bugagabanya imihangayiko .

Ibintu ushobora gukora mu rugo no ku ishuri

Ku bana bari mu kigero cyo kujya mu ishuri, umuganga w’umwana ashobora gutanga inama ku bikorwa bya buri munsi byo kuvura ihungabana ry’umubiri n’ibikoresho bishobora gukorerwa mu rugo no ku ishuri, hiyongereyeho uburyo bwo kuvura ihungabana ry’ihungabana ry’umubiri.

Ibi bikorwa n'ibikoresho bifasha umwana wawe gukomeza kwibanda no gushyira ibintu kuri gahunda umunsi wose. Bijyanye n'ibyo umwana wawe akeneye byihariye.

Urugero, umwana urwaye SPD ku ishuri ashobora gukenera ibintu nk'ibi:

• Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ecouteur kugira ngo ugabanye urusaku rwo mu kirere mu gihe ukora.
• Amahirwe yo gukoresha ibikinisho bya fidget.
• Kuruhuka byagenewe gukora ibikorwa byo kumva nko kugenda, kuzunguruka, cyangwa kugendera ku idirishya.

Umuganga w’umwana wawe w’inzobere mu by’ubuzima bw’imyororokere azagusaba uburyo bukwiye umwana wawe.

Ubuvuzi bw'akazi kugira ngo buteze imbere ubumenyi bw'imitsi myiza n'iy'umubiri

Niba umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo kudakora neza kw'imitsi cyangwa indwara yo mu myanya y'inyuma, ashobora gukenera ubufasha mu kongera ubushobozi bwe bwo gukora imitsi no kuyikoresha neza.

Umuganga w’inzobere mu by’ubuzima bw’umwana ashobora gukorana n’umwana wawe kugira ngo amufashe guteza imbere ubwo buhanga. Ubuhanga mu by’imitsi burimo ibintu nko kwandika, gukanda, no gukata ukoresheje imikasi. Ubuhanga mu by’imitsi burimo ibintu nko kuzamuka ingazi, gutera umupira, no kugendera ku igare.

Ni ryari twagombye kubonana na muganga?

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ikibazo cyo kumva, muzakenera kujya kwa muganga w’inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi kugira ngo mukomeze kuvurwa. Uko abana bagenda bakura, aho baba n’ibibazo byabo mu myigire bishobora guhinduka, bityo ubuvuzi bwabo bushobora guhinduka uko bikwiye.

Ibibazo by'ingenzi ugomba kubaza muganga

Bishobora kuba byiza kubaza muganga wawe ibi bibazo:

• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura (SPD)?
• Ni iki nakora mu rugo kugira ngo mfashe SPD?
• Ni iki nkwiye kwitega ku hazaza hawe (cyangwa ku hazaba h'umwana wanjye)?
• Ese mwamfasha kumenya niba ubwishingizi bwanjye butanga serivisi zo kuvurwa na SPD?

Ibintu ugomba kumenya ku bijyanye no kubana na (SPD)

Kubana na SPD, byaba ku mwana cyangwa umuntu mukuru, bishobora kugorana. Bishobora no kugorana ku bo ukunda. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko hamwe n'ubuvuzi, wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mushobora kubona ubufasha bwo guhangana n'ibi bibazo by'ibyumviro.

SPD igira ingaruka ku bantu bose mu buryo butandukanye. Rero, kuba umuntu uhuza n'imimerere no gusobanukirwa ni ingenzi. Niba umwana wawe afite SPD, ni ngombwa kumukorera ubuvugizi kugira ngo amenye neza ko abona ubuvuzi bwiza bushoboka. Mu guharanira ubuvuzi - no kumuha amacumbi ku ishuri - ushobora kumuha ubuzima bwiza bushoboka.

Niba wowe n'umuryango wawe mushoboye, tekereza kwinjira mu itsinda ry'abaterankunga kugira ngo muhure n'abandi bahuye n'ibintu bisa n'ibyanyu.

Iyo idavuwe neza, SPD idacunzwe neza ishobora gushyira umwana wawe mu kaga ko kwiheba , ibibazo by'imyitwarire , no kwigunga .

Amaherezo, icyo kwibuka

Twese tubona isi ituzengurutse mu buryo butandukanye. Abantu benshi ntibanatekereza ku makuru yose y’ibyumviro baba bafite igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Ariko ku bantu bafite indwara yo gusesengura imikorere y’ibyumviro (SPD), bishobora gutuma ubuzima bwa buri munsi buba ingorabahizi cyane.

Uko urushaho kumenya byinshi kuri SPD, ni ko uzarushaho gusobanukirwa uko umwana wawe ahura n’imimerere ye, icyamutera amarangamutima, ndetse wenda no kuba wakwifatanya na we mu buryo utari usanzwe ubikora.

Wibuke ko abaganga b'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi bashobora kugufasha wowe cyangwa umwana wawe guhangana n'ibi bibazo by'ibyumviro. Bazi ko SPD igira ingaruka ku bantu bose mu buryo butandukanye, bityo bashobora gukora gahunda yihariye yo kuvura wowe cyangwa umwana wawe. Uramutse wihanganye, ukundana, kandi ugahabwa ubufasha bukwiye, ushobora kunyura muri uru rugendo.

Indwara yo gutunganya imikorere y'amatwi, SPD, ibibazo by'amatwi, gutunganya imikorere y'amatwi y'abana, ubuvuzi bw'akazi, autism, ADHD