Tekereza uri kureba televiziyo gusa, cyangwa ugenda mu muhanda. Mu buryo butunguranye, nta mpamvu igaragara, utakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba mu jisho rimwe, nk'aho umuntu yazimye itara. Cyangwa utangiye kubona akadomo k'umukara hagati mu byo ureba. Byaba biteye ubwoba bungana iki iyo ikintu nk'iki kibaho? Ni ibintu biteye ubwoba cyane. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri iyi ngingo y'ingenzi mu buvuzi yitwa gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba butunguranye.
Gutakaza Ubushobozi bwo Kubona mu Buryo Butunguranye ni iki?
Mu magambo make, gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba butunguranye ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi gisaba kuvurwa vuba. Ibi bivuze ko uhita utakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba neza, wenda mu masegonda, iminota, cyangwa ndetse n’iminsi.
Ibi bishobora kubaho mu jisho rimwe, cyangwa mu maso yombi. Ushobora gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba burundu. Cyangwa, ushobora gutakaza igice cy'ubushobozi bwo kureba, urugero, igice cyo hagati.
Ubu ushobora kuba wibaza itandukaniro riri hagati yo kubura amaso buhoro buhoro no kubura amaso mu buryo butunguranye. Ubusanzwe, kubura amaso bitewe no gusaza, nka cataract, biba buhoro cyane mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Ariko ubutabazi bwihutirwa tuvuga hano buratandukanye rwose.
Kuki icyerekezo cyanjye gihita kigenda nabi?
Kureba kwacu ni inzira igoye cyane. Umucyo winjira mu maso yacu, maze amakuru akanyura mu mitsi akagera mu bwonko, agatanga ishusho. Niba hari ikibazo muri iyi nzira—mu maso yawe, mu mitsi, cyangwa mu bwonko— ushobora gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba mu buryo butunguranye.
Mu by’ukuri, ibi ni nk’uruziga rw’amashanyarazi. Iyo hari ikintu kitagenda neza ku itara, insinga, cyangwa switch, urumuri ntiruzakira.
Ni izihe mpamvu nyamukuru zitera kutabona neza?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma umuntu atabona neza. Zimwe muri zo ni zikomeye cyane. Niyo mpamvu bifatwa nk'ibintu byihutirwa. Reka turebe zimwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi ziri mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
| Imiterere/Impamvu | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Umuvuduko mwinshi mu jisho (Glaucoma ikaze) | Umuvuduko w'ijisho wiyongera cyane mu buryo butunguranye. Ibi bishobora gutera ububabare bukomeye bw'amaso no kuribwa umutwe. |
| Gutandukanya retinal | Ururenda rw'ijisho (retina) ruri imbere mu jisho, ari narwo rukenewe cyane mu kureba, rurakura. Ni nk'urukuta rukura ku rukuta. |
| Igitero cy'imitsi cyangwa stroke nto (Igitero cy'ihungabana ry'umubiri - TIA) | Guhagarika amaraso mu gice cy'ubwonko kigenzura ibyo umuntu abona. |
| Imitsi yo mu gituza/gufunga imitsi yo mu mitsi | Kuziba k'umutsi utanga amaraso cyangwa ukayakura mu jisho. |
| Indwara ya Neuritis y'amaso | Kubyimba cyangwa kwandura imitsi mikuru ihuza ugutwi n'ubwonko. |
| Ibikomere by'amaso | Ibintu nko gushyira ikintu mu jisho, guterwa icyuma n'ikintu gityaye. |
| Kugabanuka k'amagufwa y'amaso bifitanye isano n'izabukuru | Nubwo akenshi bibaho buhoro buhoro, rimwe na rimwe ibi bishobora gutera impinduka zitunguranye mu kureba. |
Ni gute umuganga amenya impamvu?
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, umuganga abanza kukubaza ibibazo bimwe na bimwe. Ni nk'inkuru y'abashinzwe iperereza. Aya makuru ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu.
- Ni izihe ndwara zindi ufite? (urugero: diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso)
- Wakoraga iki igihe wapfushaga amaso?
- Ufite ububabare bw'amaso?
- Hari ikintu cyabaye ku jisho ryawe?
- Ese biragoye kureba urumuri?
- Ese ubona utuntu duto tw'umukara tureremba imbere y'amaso yawe (udusimba)?
- Ese warahumye hanyuma ukongera kubona vuba?
Uretse ibi bibazo, muganga azagusuzuma kandi ashobora no gutegeka ko ukorerwa ibindi bipimo bike.
- Isuzuma ry'amaso: Imbere mu jisho hasuzumwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byihariye.
- Ibizamini by'amaraso: Ibizamini bipima ububyimbirwe mu mubiri (nk'igipimo cy'amaraso ya erythrocyte - ESR, poroteyine ya C-reactive - CRP) bishobora gukorwa.
- Ibizamini byo Gupima: Ushobora gusabwa gupimwa hakoreshejwe ultrasound cyangwa gupimwa hakoreshejwe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kugira ngo urebe amaso cyangwa ubwonko.
- Gupima ubwonko: Ibizamini byihariye bigamije kugenzura imikorere y'imitsi.
Ibi bivurwa bite?
Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi twese tugomba kwibuka hano.
Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba mu buryo butunguranye si ikintu ushobora kwicara mu rugo ukareba gusa. Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi. Ibi biramutse bikubayeho cyangwa bikubayeho ku muntu uzi, ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukujya mu bitaro byita ku barwayi barembye (ETU) vuba bishoboka.
Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'impamvu yatumye utabona neza.
- Imiti: Ishobora gutangwa nk'ibitonyanga by'amaso, ibinini byo kunywa, cyangwa inshinge.
- Steroids: Izi zikoreshwa mu kugabanya kubyimba (kubyimba) imbere mu jisho cyangwa mu mitsi.
- Imiti igabanya ubwandu: Iyo iyi ndwara itewe n'ubwandu, iravurwa.
- Kubagwa: Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe, nko gucika kw'ijisho ry'umugongo, zishobora gusaba kubagwa.
Wibuke ko uko umenyeshejwe indwara vuba ugatangira kuvurwa, niko amahirwe yawe yo kongera kubona neza.
Ese iki kibazo gishobora kwirindwa?
Nubwo tudashobora kugenzura impamvu zimwe na zimwe, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe dushobora gukora kugira ngo tugabanye ibyago.
- Ubwirinzi bw'amaso: Ambara indorerwamo/amadarubindi yo kwirinda ku kazi, mu gihe urimo gusudira, mu gihe ukoresha imashini, ndetse no mu gihe ukina siporo nka cricket.
- Isuku y'amaboko: Karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi buri gihe. Ibi bishobora gufasha kwirinda indwara z'amaso.
- Irinde gukora ku maso yawe: Reka gukorakora cyangwa gukaraba amaso yawe kenshi n'intoki zanduye.
- Imikoreshereze ya Lens zo mu bwoko bwa Contact Lens: Niba wambaye lens zo mu bwoko bwa contact lens, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze ku buryo bwo kuzisukura no kuzimbara.
- Kurwanya indwara zidakira: Niba ufite indwara nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, zigenzure neza. Fata imiti wahawe na muganga ku gihe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gutakaza amaso mu buryo butunguranye ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi. Ntukigere ubifata nk'ikintu cyoroshye.
- Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba bishobora kuba byose cyangwa igice, haba hari ububabare cyangwa nta bubabare. Uko byagenda kose, jya kwa muganga vuba.
- Ntugapfushe umwanya ahubwo ujye mu bitaro by’ibitaro byita ku barwayi barwaye indwara zihutirwa (ETU). Ntugategereze uri mu rugo.
- Uko ubuvuzi butangira vuba, niko amahirwe yo kugarura amaso aba meza.
- Gukumira indwara zidakira nka diyabete n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ni ingenzi cyane ku buzima bw'amaso.
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