Iyo umuganga wawe akubwiye ko urwaye Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, ushobora kumva ufite ubwoba kandi uhangayitse, sibyo? Ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo byinshi nko "Ese sinzashobora kongera kurya ibintu biryoshye?" na "Ese ngomba gufata imiti ubuzima bwanjye bwose?" Ariko ntugahangayike. Mu by'ukuri, iyo ubikoresheje neza, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi busanzwe. Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura ibi. Indyo, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'imiti birakorana kugira ngo bigenzure urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe.
Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku buryo bwo kuvura buhari bwo kurwanya diyabete.
Ni ibihe binini ugomba gutangirana na byo mbere na mbere?
Akenshi, iyo umuntu urwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 adashobora kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ye binyuze mu mirire no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri gusa, muganga abanza kumutangira ubwoko bw'imiti. Iyi miti ikora mu buryo butandukanye mu mubiri. Hari igihe ikoreshwa umuti umwe gusa, ubundi imiti ibiri cyangwa itatu ikoreshwa hamwe. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'imiti nyamukuru ikoreshwa.
| Icyiciro cy'ibiyobyabwenge | Uko bikora n'ibyo ugomba kumenya |
|---|---|
| Metformin | Uyu ni wo muti wa diyabete ukoreshwa cyane ku isi. Ukora cyane cyane mu kugabanya umusaruro w'isukari mu mwijima no korohereza uturemangingo tw'umubiri kwinjiza isukari. Ubusanzwe ufatwa kabiri ku munsi hamwe n'ibiryo. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo mu gifu no kubyimba mu ntangiriro. |
| Sulfonylureas Urugero: Glimepiride, Gliclazide | Iyi miti ikora mu gutanga ubutumwa ku imisemburo ya insuline ikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza imiterere myinshi ya insuline. Insulini ni yo ituma isukari yinjira mu turemangingo twacu. Iyi miti ifatwa mbere yo kurya, rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera isukari nke mu maraso (hypoglycemia) no kwiyongera ibiro. |
| Inhibitors za DPP-4 Urugero: Sitagliptin, Linagliptin | Iyi miti ikora mu gukumira isenyuka ry'imisemburo mu mubiri wacu ifasha mu gukora insuline. Bityo iyo misemburo ikomeza gukora igihe kirekire, ikagenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso gusa iyo izamutse. Ingaruka mbi ni nkeya. |
| Ibikoresho bibuza SGLT2 Urugero: Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin | Uyu ni umuti ukora mu buryo butandukanye gato. Ukora mu mpyiko. Uyu muti ufasha gukura isukari nyinshi mu maraso yacu binyuze mu nkari. Ibi bigabanya isukari mu maraso kandi binafasha kugabanya ibiro by'umubiri n'umuvuduko w'amaraso. |
| Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) Urugero: Pioglitazone | Ibi bikora mu kugabanya ubudahangarwa bwa insuline mu turemangingo tw'umubiri no kunoza imikorere ya insuline. Ibi ntibikwiriye abantu bafite indwara z'umutima. Muganga wawe ni we uzabifatira umwanzuro. |
Igikuru ni uko umuganga wawe ari we wenyine ushobora kugena umuti ukubereye n'ingano yawo . Umuti undi muntu afata ushobora kutagufasha. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe.
Imiti ivanze
Hari igihe bigorana kugenzura isukari mu maraso ukoresheje umuti umwe gusa. Muri ibyo bihe, muganga ashobora kuguha imiti ibiri hamwe. Ubu, imiti ibiri nk'iyo iraboneka mu kinini kimwe. Urugero, metformin na sulfonylurea, cyangwa DPP-4 inhibitor, biza mu kinini kimwe. Ibi bishobora kugabanya umubare w'ibinini ukeneye gufata ku munsi.
Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe urushinge
Ushobora gutekereza uti “Oya, nta nshinge.” Ariko rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane iyo udashobora kugenzura isukari yawe ukoresheje ibinini, ugomba gukoresha inshinge. Zimwe muri izi nazo ni nziza ku mutima wawe kandi zigufasha kugabanya ibiro.
- Abajyanama ba GLP-1: Izi ni inshinge zigira uruhare mu gukora nk'imisemburo. Zikangura ikorwa rya insuline kandi zigabanye umuvuduko w'igogora ry'ibiryo, bigatuma wumva uhaze. Zishobora kandi kugufasha kugabanya ibiro. Zimwe, nka Dulaglutide (Trulicity), zigomba guterwa inshinge rimwe mu cyumweru. Zimwe, nka Liraglutide (Victoza), zigomba guterwa inshinge buri munsi.
- Insulini:Ushobora gukenera gukoresha insuline igihe gito, urugero, iyo urwaye indwara ikomeye cyangwa iyo ugiye kubagwa. Nanone, niba ingano ya insuline ikorwa n'umubiri wawe idahagije uko igihe kigenda gihita, ugomba kuyikoresha hanze. Bitandukanye n'uko byari bimeze mbere, ubu hari amakaramu ya insuline yoroshye gukoresha. Muganga wawe cyangwa umuforomo wo ku ivuriro rya diyabete azakwereka neza uburyo bwo kwitera inshinge.
Ikirenze imiti ni impinduka mu mibereho!
Uko imiti wafata yaba iri kose, guhindura imibereho ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza. Iyi ni yo shingiro ry'ubuvuzi bwa diyabete.
1. Kugabanya ibiro: Kugabanya ibiro kuva kuri 5% kugeza kuri 10% by'ibiro by'umubiri wawe bishobora kugira itandukaniro rikomeye. Urugero, niba upima ibiro 175, kugabanya ibiro 10 kugeza kuri 18 gusa bishobora kugabanya urugero rwa A1c (ikigereranyo cy'isukari mu maraso mu mezi 3 ashize) no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima. Ushobora kandi kugabanya ingano y'imiti ufata.
2. Indyo nziza: Nta ndyo yitwa "indyo y'abarwaye diyabete". Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukurya indyo yuzuye. Ugomba kwitondera ibiryo birimo isukari, fibre, ibinure n'umunyu. Witondere ingano y'ibintu nk'umuceri, umugati, n'ibirayi urya. Ikintu cyiza ni ukuganira na muganga wawe cyangwa inzobere mu mirire kugira ngo baguhe gahunda y'ifunguro ikubereye.
3. Imyitozo ngororamubiri (imyitozo ngororamubiri): Iyo dukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, uturemangingo twacu tubasha gukoresha insuline. Ibi bivuze ko isukari iri mu maraso yacu ikoreshwa mu gutanga ingufu. Bishobora kuba byoroshye nko kugenda vuba iminota 30 ku munsi cyangwa gukora imirimo yo mu rugo.
4. Gusinzira neza nijoro: Kudasinzira neza nabyo ni impamvu y'isukari nyinshi mu maraso. Kubwibyo, gusinzira bihagije buri munsi nabyo ni kimwe mu bigize uburyo bwo kuvura.
None se, ni gute wahitamo uburyo bwo kuvura bukubereye?
Muganga wawe ni we uzagena uburyo bwo kuvura muri ubu buryo bwinshi bukwiriye. Azafata iki cyemezo nyuma yo gusuzuma ibintu byinshi.
- Igipimo cya A1c cyawe: Niba A1c yawe iri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n'icyo wifuza, ushobora gukenera gutangira ikintu nka insuline kugira ngo ugenzure isukari mu maraso yawe vuba. Niba iri hejuru gato, ushobora gukenera gutangira gukoresha metformin no guhindura imibereho yawe.
- Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange: Niba ufite indwara y'umutima cyangwa impyiko, ushobora guhitamo umuti ukubereye, nka SGLT2 inhibitor cyangwa GLP-1 inhibitor.
- Ikiguzi: Diyabete ni indwara umuntu amara ubuzima bwe bwose kandi igomba kwitabwaho. Kubwibyo, ikiguzi cy'imiti nacyo ni ingenzi. Imiti imwe irahendutse, indi irahenze. Vugana na muganga wawe ku bwumvikane.
- Amahitamo yawe:Niba udakunda inshinge, ushobora kugerageza ibinini kugira ngo urebe niba ushobora kugenzura ibimenyetso byawe. Niba uri umuntu wibagirwa gufata imiti yawe, inshinge imwe mu cyumweru ishobora kuba yoroshye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 si indwara yo gutinya, ahubwo ni indwara ishobora kwitabwaho neza.
- Ishingiro ry'ubuvuzi ni indyo yuzuye, imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kugenzura ibiro . Imiti igamije gutanga ubufasha bw'inyongera.
- Muganga wawe ni we wenyine ushobora kugena imiti ikubereye n'uburyo bwo kuvura. Rero, komeza kuvugana na we kandi ukurikize amabwiriza ye neza.
- Ingorane ziterwa na diyabete zishobora kwirindwa no kugenzura buri gihe urugero rw'isukari mu maraso, urugero rwa A1c, n'imikorere y'amaso, ibirenge n'impyiko.
- Niba ufite impungenge ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe cyangwa niba uburyo bwo kuvura budatanga umusaruro witeze, ntutinye kubiganiraho na muganga wawe mu buryo bweruye.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.