Ese wumva amaso yawe arimo kugabanuka buhoro buhoro? Cyangwa uhita ubona ibintu nk'udusimba tw'igitagangurirwa tugenda imbere y'amaso yawe? Ibi bintu bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'ikibazo gikomeye cy'amaso. Uyu munsi rero tugiye kuvuga ku kubagwa kwihariye gushobora gukemura byinshi muri ibi bibazo no kugufasha kurokora amaso yawe. Ni ukubaga kwa Vitrectomy. Nubwo izina ritangaje gato, reka dusobanukirwe icyo ibi bikora.
Mu magambo make, Vitrectomy ni iki?
Tekereza ko ijisho ryacu rimeze nk'umupira muto. Umwanya w'ubusa uri muri uyu mupira wuzuyemo amazi asobanutse neza asa n'umusemburo. Ibi ni byo mu buvuzi twita urumogi rwa vitreous . Uyu musemburo ni wo uha ijisho imiterere yaryo y'uruziga. Ubusanzwe, uyu musemburo ugomba kuba usukuye kandi ubonerana, kugira ngo urumuri rwinjire mu jisho nta nkomyi rugwe ku jisho inyuma y'ijisho.
Ariko se bigenda bite iyo, bitewe n'indwara zimwe na zimwe, iki kinyabutabire kimeze nk'umusemburo cyangiritse, niba amaraso yirundanyijemo, cyangwa iyo kigabanuka kigatangira kuva kuri retina ? Icyo gihe amaso yacu arahungabana.
Vitrectomy ni ukubaga gukuraho ikibazo cya vitreous humor imbere mu jisho, bigatuma ijisho risubira ku buryo ryari risanzwe.
Mu mwanya wa jeli yakuweho, umuganga wuzuza ijisho amazi y'umunyu yanduye, amavuta ya silikoni yihariye, cyangwa agace k'umwuka. Ibi bifasha ijisho kugumana imiterere yaryo rishaka no kugumana retina mu mwanya waryo.
Ni mu bihe ibihe kubagwa hakoreshejwe vitrectomy biba ngombwa?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma ubu bubagwa bukorwa. Hari igihe bushobora guterwa no kuva amaraso mu jisho. Hari n'igihe bushobora guterwa n'ikibazo kiri muri retina. Reka turebe impamvu nyamukuru.
| Indwara | Bisobanuwe mu buryo bworoshye |
|---|---|
| Gutandukanya retinal | Retina, ikenewe cyane mu kureba, iva aho iri mu jisho. Ibi ni ibintu byihutirwa. |
| Kwangirika kw'amaso guterwa na diyabete (Diabete-related retinopathy) | Diyabete ishobora gutera kuva amaraso mu mitsi mito y'amaraso mu jisho cyangwa kurema imitsi mishya idakenewe. Aya maraso ahurira mu mazi ya vitreous maze agatuma amaso atabona neza. |
| Umwobo wa macular | Habaho umwobo muri macula , igice cya retina gifasha mu kureba neza. |
| Umubyimba w'amagufwa yo mu macular | Ku buso bwa macula havuka agahu gato, gatuma habaho iminkanyari no kugoreka uburyo bwo kureba. |
| Kuva amaraso imbere mu jisho (kuva amaraso mu maso) | Amaraso yirundanya muri vitreous humor bitewe na diyabete, imvune yo mu maso, cyangwa izindi mpamvu. |
| Ibikomere bikomeye mu maso | Sukura kandi usane imbere mu jisho nyuma y’impanuka, nko gutobora cyangwa gukomeretsa ijisho. |
| Ubwandu bw'imbere mu jisho (Endophthalmitis) | Indwara ikomeye ya bagiteri cyangwa fungi iri mu jisho. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bukorerwa kugira ngo haveho amazi yanduye n'imiti iterwa. |
| Ingorane zo kubagwa kwa cataract | Hari igihe ibice by'indorerwamo bigwa mu jisho mu gihe cyo kubaga cataract, ubu buryo bwo kubaga ni ngombwa kugira ngo bivanweho. |
Ni iki kibaho mbere yo kubagwa?
Kubera ko ubu ari ukubagwa, hari intambwe nyinshi zo kwitegura mbere y'igihe.
- Kwiyiriza ubusa:Umunsi umwe mbere yo kubagwa, muganga wawe azakubwira igihe cyo kureka kurya no kunywa. Ubusanzwe, ntuzemererwa kurya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu masaha make mbere yo kubagwa.
- Kumenya Imiti: Ugomba kubwira muganga wawe imiti iyo ari yo yose ufata (urugero, imiti igabanya amaraso). Ashobora kugusaba guhagarika kuyifata iminsi mike.
- Umuntu wo gufasha: Ntuzashobora gutaha wenyine nyuma yo kubagwa, bityo uzagirwa inama yo kuzana umuntu wo kugutwara mu rugo.
- Gupima: Hari igihe ikintu nk'isuzuma rya ultrasound gishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe imbere mu jisho mbere yo kubagwa.
Reka turebe uko kubagwa bikorwa.
Ntugahangayike kuri ibi. Itsinda ry'abaganga rizakora uko bashoboye kose kugira ngo rikurengere ko utababara.
1. Anesthesia: Ubwa mbere, ijisho ryawe rizaba ridafite ibinya (anesthesia yo mu gace runaka) . Ibi bishobora gusaba guterwa urushinge hirya no hino mu jisho. Uzaba ufite ubwenge, ariko ntuzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose. Hari igihe ushobora guhabwa umuti mu mitsi kugira ngo usinzire gato (sedation) , cyangwa ugahabwa anesthesia rusange . Ibi bizaterwa n'uko umeze n'imiterere y'ikibagwa.
2. Gutegura amaso: Ijisho ryawe rizavugururwa n'umuti. Hanyuma, igikoresho gito cyitwa eye speculum kizakoreshwa kugira ngo ijisho ryawe rikomeze kubagwa neza mu gihe cyo kubagwa.
3. Kubaga: Umuganga ubaga agabanya uduce twinshi duto cyane mu gice cy'ijisho cyera, agashyiramo ibikoresho bito cyane mu jisho. Hanyuma, amazi ya vitreous afite ikibazo akurwaho buhoro buhoro. Iyo imitsi irimo kuva amaraso, ubuvuzi bwa laser bushobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo buhagarare.
4. Kuzuza: Nyuma yo gukuraho amazi ya vitreous no gusana bikenewe, umwanya wuzuramo amazi y'umunyu, agace k'umwuka, cyangwa amavuta ya silikoni, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere.
5. Igihe: Igihe bifata kugira ngo ubagwe kiratandukanye bitewe n'ibiri gukorwa. Nubwo kubagwa byoroshye bishobora gufata isaha imwe, kubagwa gukomeye bishobora gufata igihe kirekire.
Ni iki wakwitega nyuma yo kubagwa?
Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzakurikiranwa igihe gito woherezwe mu rugo. Hari amabwiriza make ugomba gukurikiza iyo ugiye mu rugo.
Ikintu cy'ingenzi: imiterere ikwiye kugira ngo ukomeze kugira umutwe!
Niba ufite agahu ka gaze cyangwa amavuta ya silikoni mu jisho ryawe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kuguma uhagaze mu maso iminsi mike cyangwa ibyumweru bike kugira ngo retina ikire neza. Ibi bishobora kugorana, ariko ni ngombwa kugira ngo ijisho ryawe rikire neza.Baza muganga wawe ibintu nk'imisego bishobora kugufasha kugumana iyi myanya neza.
- Agapfukamunwa k'amaso: Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzagira agapfukamunwa k'amaso. Muganga wawe azakubwira igihe cyo kugakuraho.
- Ibitonyanga by'amaso: Uzakenera gukoresha ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibitonyanga by'amaso kugira ngo wirinde kwandura no kugabanya kubyimba. Ni ngombwa cyane gukoresha umuti neza neza uko wanditswe, mu gihe gikwiye.
- Kubabara: Ijisho rishobora kuba ritukura gato kandi ribyimbye. Ushobora no kumva usharira cyangwa urimo gushwaragurika. Ibi ni ibisanzwe. Ariko, niba hari ububabare bukabije , menyesha muganga ako kanya.
- Kureba: Kureba bishobora kuba bitagaragara neza mu minsi mike ya mbere nyuma yo kubagwa. Iyo ushyize agace k'umwuka mu jisho, bishobora kugaragara nk'aho uri munsi y'amazi. Aka gace k'umwuka kazashira buhoro buhoro mu byumweru bike. Niba ushyizeho amavuta ya silikoni, uzakenera kubagwa bundi bushya kugira ngo ukurweho.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka byagira?
Nkuko bigenda mu kubagwa kose, hari ibyiza n'ingaruka ntoya.
| Ibyiza | Ingaruka/Ingorane Zishoboka |
|---|---|
| Kubasha gukiza cyangwa kunoza icyerekezo cy'ijisho ryari kuba ryarahumye burundu. | Indwara iri mu jisho. |
| Gukuraho ibimenyetso bibabaza bibangamira icyerekezo. | Kuva amaraso imbere mu jisho. |
| Ubushobozi bwo kuvura neza indwara nyinshi z'amaso zitari zisanzwe zitavurwa. | Gucika cyangwa gucika kw'ijisho. |
| Gufasha kubona isuzuma ryimbitse no gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura. | Ishishwa rya cataract cyangwa kwiyongera vuba kw'indwara za cataract zisanzweho. |
| Kongera cyangwa kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaso. | |
| Ni gake cyane, gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba. |
Ntugahangayikishwe n'izi ngaruka. Ntabwo ziba kenshi cyane. Umuganga wawe azagusobanurira byose kandi akore ibishoboka byose kugira ngo agabanye ibyago.
Ni ryari ugomba kubonana na muganga byihutirwa?
Iyo ugiye mu rugo nyuma yo kubagwa, niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe vuba .
- Niba ubabara cyane mu jisho ryawe .
- Niba icyerekezo cyawe kirushaho kuba kibi .
- Iyo ijisho ritukura cyane, ribyimbye, kandi rikagira amashyira asa n'ay'ibibyimba (ibi ni ibimenyetso by'ubwandu).
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso bikekwa cyangwa bidasanzwe .
Ntukirengagize ibintu nk'ibi. Uko ubivuga vuba, niko birushaho koroha kugenzura ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Vitrectomy ni uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kubaga bushobora gukiza indwara nyinshi zikomeye z'amaso zigira ingaruka ku kureba. Nta mpamvu yo gutinya ibi.
- Gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga nyuma yo kubagwa, cyane cyane aho umutwe uhagaze neza no gukoresha ibitonyanga by'amaso , ni ngombwa kugira ngo ijisho rikire.
- Mbere na nyuma yo kubagwa, baza muganga wawe ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose cyangwa gushidikanya ushobora kuba ufite.
- Niba ugize ububabare bukabije, utabona neza, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ubwandu nyuma yo kubagwa, menyesha muganga wawe cyangwa ibitaro ako kanya.
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