Ese uva amaraso menshi uvuye mu gikomere gito? Ibi bishobora guterwa n'indwara ya von Willebrand.

Ese wigeze ugira igisebe gito cyafashe igihe kirekire kuruta uko byari byitezwe kugira ngo uve amaraso? Cyangwa wigeze ugira ibisebe mu mazuru cyangwa udusebe ku mubiri wose? Ushobora kuba utekereza uti "Oh... ni ko meze." Ariko hashobora kuba hari impamvu y'ubuvuzi inyuma y'ibi bintu utazi. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara igira ingaruka ku mivure y'amaraso, iyo abantu benshi batigeze bumva, ariko si isanzwe. Iyo ni indwara ya von Willebrand.

Mu magambo make, indwara ya von Willebrand ni iki?

Indwara ya von Willebrand ni indwara y’amaraso iterwa n’uturemangingo bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw’amaraso yacu bwo kuvura neza.

Tekereza ko iyo tugize igikomere mu mubiri wacu, hari itsinda rito ry'abakozi bahagarika kuva amaraso. Aba bakozi bakorana kandi bagafasha mu gufunga igikomere, nk'uko plaster ibikora. Iyo "manager" ni poroteyine yitwa von Willebrand factor (VWF) . Iyi poroteyine ya VWF ni yo ifasha platelets mu maraso gufatana no gukora agahu k'amaraso gafunga igikomere.

Ubu, ku muntu urwaye indwara ya von Willebrand, umubiri ntukora iyi poroteyine ya VWF ihagije. Cyangwa poroteyine ikorwa ntikora neza. Kubera ko iyo "manager" idahari, bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo platelets zifatanye zikore amaraso. Niyo mpamvu n'igikomere gito gikomeza kuva amaraso.

Iyo iki kibazo kibaye gikomeye, kuva amaraso bishobora kugaragara mu ngingo cyangwa mu ngingo zoroshye, bigatera ububabare bukomeye no kubyimba. Ku bantu bamwe na bamwe, ibi bishobora no gutera kubura amaraso , indwara ituma amaraso mu mubiri agabanuka.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'iyi ndwara?

Yego, indwara ya von Willebrand si imwe kuri buri wese. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bwayo. Uburemere bw'ibimenyetso buratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bwayo.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya von Willebrand?

Ku bantu benshi, cyane cyane abafite ubwoko bwa mbere, ibimenyetso ntabwo ari bibi cyane. Bashobora kubaho batazi ko bafite iyi ndwara. Ariko, mu bihe bikomeye, ibimenyetso bikurikira bishobora kugaragara:

• Kuva amaraso mu mazuru kenshi: Niba izuru ryawe riva amaraso bitewe n'ikintu gito cyane kandi bikagorana kubihagarika.
• Kuva amaraso igihe kirekire bivuye ku gikomere gito: Iyo igikomere cyangwa igikomere kimaze iminota irenga 10 kivuye amaraso.
• Gukomereka byoroshye: Iyo ugize ibikomere binini kandi bibyimbye nubwo wagira ikibyimba gito.
• Kuva amaraso menshi mu mihango ku bagore: Niba uva amaraso menshi kuruta uko bisanzwe mu gihe cy'imihango yawe. Urugero, niba ugomba guhindura pad mbere y'isaha imwe cyangwa ebyiri zirangiye, niba uva amaraso menshi, cyangwa niba uva amaraso menshi mu gihe kirenga iminsi 7, ugomba kugira impungenge.
• Kuva amaraso menshi nyuma yo kubagwa: Iyo uva amaraso menshi kuruta uko bisanzwe, ndetse no nyuma yo gukurwa iryinyo.
• Kuva amaraso menshi nyuma yo kubyara cyangwa gukuramo inda.
• Amaraso mu muyoboro cyangwa mu nkari.

Kuki iyi ndwara ibaho? Ni gute umuntu ayikura mu mizi?

Indwara ya von Willebrand ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo . Mu magambo make, iterwa n'inenge iri muri gene igenzura ikorwa rya poroteyine ya VWF. Iyi gene ifite inenge twarazwe n'ababyeyi bacu.

Hari uburyo bubiri bwo kuragwa ibi:

1. Iragi riganza autosomal: Ibi bibaho kuri nyina cyangwa se.Nubwo umuntu umwe gusa ari we uvukana gene ifite inenge, iyo ndwara ishobora kuvuka. Ubwoko bwa 1 n'ubwoko bwa 2 akenshi biragwa muri ubu buryo.

2. Umurage wa Autosomal recessive: Muri iki gihe, kugira ngo ababyeyi bombi bagire indwara, bagomba kuragwa gene ifite inenge. Ubwoko bwa 3, ubwoko bukomeye cyane, bukunze kuragwa muri ubu buryo.

Ni gake cyane, kanseri zimwe na zimwe, indwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri, n’indwara z’umutima na byo bishobora gutera iyi ndwara mu gihe cy’izabukuru. Yitwa acquired von Willebrand syndrome .

Ni gute umuganga asuzuma iyi ndwara?

Iyo ubwiye muganga wawe ibimenyetso byawe, abanza kugusuzuma akareba ibimenyetso by'ibisebe cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by'amaraso. Hanyuma bazabaza niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira ikibazo nk'iki cyo kuva amaraso.

Hakenewe gupimwa amaraso menshi kugira ngo hamenyekane neza indwara.

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC): Ibi bigenzura umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo twera, na platelets mu maraso yawe. Niba umubare w'uturemangingo twa platelets uri hasi, cyangwa niba hemoglobin yawe iri hasi bitewe n'amaraso make, iki kibazo gishobora gukeka ko kirimo.
• Ibizamini byo kuvura amaraso: Ibi ni ibizamini bipima igihe bifata kugira ngo amaraso yawe avunge.
• Ibizamini bya von Willebrand factor (VWF): Ibi bizamini byihariye bigenzura urugero rwa poroteyine ya VWF mu maraso yawe kandi niba ikora neza.
• Ibipimo bya Factor VIII: Poroteyine ya VWF irinda Factor VIII, indi poroteyine y'ingenzi ifasha kuvura amaraso. Rero iyo VWF iri hasi, urugero rwa Factor VIII narwo rushobora kuba hasi. Iki kizamini kirabireba.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'ubwoko bw'indwara ufite n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byawe. Abantu benshi bakeneye kuvurwa mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa nyuma yo gukomereka.

Hari uburyo bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura:

• Desmopressin (DDAVP): Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Ni imisemburo. Itangwa nk'umuti wo mu mazuru cyangwa nk'urushinge. Ikora mu kwihutisha irekurwa rya poroteyine za VWF zibitswe mu mibiri yacu mu maraso.
• Kunywa ibintu bya von Willebrand factor: Mu bihe bikomeye, ubwoko bwa VWF bugizwe n'ibice byinshi buhabwa umubiri binyuze mu gutera urushinge. Ibi ni nko guha umubiri poroteyine ya VWF yabuze.
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'amaraso: Iyi miti ikora mu guhagarika amaraso gushonga vuba cyane. Itangwa kugira ngo igenzure kuva amaraso mu bihe nko gukuramo amenyo.
• Ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro: Ibi ni ingirakamaro ku bagore bafite kuva amaraso menshi mu gihe cy'imihango. Imisemburo ya estrogen iri muri ibi binini ifasha kongera urugero rwa VWF.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba uva amaraso byoroshye, ukomereka byoroshye, cyangwa ukagira imihango myinshi, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga w’umuryango wawe. Hari izindi mpamvu zishobora gutuma uva amaraso menshi, bityo ni ngombwa ko uhabwa isuzuma rikwiye.

Nakora iki mu gihe mbana n'iyi ndwara?

Kugira indwara ya von Willebrand bivuze ko ugomba kwitonda cyane kugira ngo wirinde kuva amaraso. Muganga wawe azakugira inama kuri ibi. Muri rusange, ni byiza kwirinda ibi bikurikira:

• Irinde siporo zishobora gutera imvune: Siporo zisaba gukoranaho cyane, nka rugby na boxe, ntizikwiriye.
• Irinde gufata imiti igabanya ububabare bw'amaraso: Ntugafate imiti igabanya ububabare nka aspirine cyangwa NSAIDs (urugero: Ibuprofen, Diclofenac) utabanje kubihererwa uburenganzira na muganga.
• Irinde gufata inyongeramusaruro zimwe na zimwe: Ibintu nka vitamine E n'amavuta y'amafi bishobora kugabanya amaraso. Baza muganga wawe mbere yo gukoresha ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose.

Bwira abaganga bawe bose (harimo na muganga w'amenyo) ko ufite iyi ndwara kugira ngo bafate ingamba zo kugenzura kuva amaraso mbere yo gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, nko kubagwa. Ni byiza kandi kwambara umukufi wo mu bwoko bwa "medical alert" kugira ngo umenyeshe abakozi b'abaganga mu gihe cy'impanuka.