Indwara yo mu bwonko ni iki? Gusobanukirwa ubuzima bw'umwana wawe hamwe na Nirogi Lanka.

Nk'umubyeyi, ibyishimo byawe byinshi bituruka ku kureba umwana wawe akura kandi akagera kuri izo ntambwe z'agaciro, si byo se? Ariko, ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite impungenge niba ubona utinze gutembera, kwicara, cyangwa guhagarara. Nubwo ubu butinze akenshi ari ibisanzwe, rimwe na rimwe bushobora kuba bufitanye isano n'indwara nka Cerebral Palsy (CP). Nyamuneka ntugatinye; uyu munsi, twebwe muri Nirogi Lanka turi hano kugira ngo dusobanure iyi ndwara mu buryo bworoshye kandi busobanutse.

Mu magambo make, indwara yo mu bwonko yitwa cerebral palsy (CP) ni iki?

Indwara yo mu bwonko (Cerbral Palsy) ni itsinda ry'indwara zigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umwana, kuringaniza imitsi , n'imikorere y'imitsi. "Cerbral" yerekeza ku bwonko, naho "Palsy" yerekeza ku ntege nke cyangwa ibibazo byo kugenzura imitsi.

Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo igice cy'ubwonko gishinzwe kugenzura imigendere y'umubiri kidakuze neza cyangwa cyangiritse, haba mu gihe cyo kuvuka cyangwa mu bwana buto cyane. Abana benshi bavukana iyi ndwara, twita "Congenital CP." Ni gake cyane, ishobora kuvuka nyuma yo kuvuka bitewe n'imvune zo mu bwonko.

Indwara ya CP ishobora kuva ku yoroheje cyane kugeza ku ikomeye cyane. Hari abana bashobora kugira ingorane zo kugenda cyangwa kuvuga, ariko ni ngombwa kumenya ko kuri benshi, ubwenge bwabo ntibugira icyo buhindura. Ariko, hari abana bashobora kugira ubumuga bwo mu mutwe.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa CP?

Muri rusange CP ishyirwa mu moko ane hashingiwe ku miterere y'imigendere.

Birenzeho kuri Spastic CP

Nk'ubwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane, bugabanyijemo ibice bitatu:

• Indwara yo kubabara mu kibuno no mu maguru: Igira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu maguru. Ubukana bw'ikibuno n'amaguru bushobora gutuma amavi ahindukirira imbere, akanyuranya amaguru nk'imikasi, icyerekezo kizwi nka "scissoring."
• Spastic Hemiplegia: Ifata uruhande rumwe rw'umubiri gusa. Ukuboko n'ukuguru kuri urwo ruhande bishobora kugaragara nk'ibito cyangwa bito . Ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu agenda ku mano , ndetse rimwe na rimwe, umugongo ugahinduka nk'ufite ubumuga bwo kugororoka (scoliosis).
• Indwara ya Spastic Quadriplegia: Indwara ikomeye cyane, ifata amaguru ane yose, igituza n'isura. Ibi bishobora kujyana n'indwara zo gucika intege no kudahuza itumanaho.

Ni iki gitera iyi ndwara?

Kumenya impamvu nyayo ya CP akenshi biragoye. Ariko, ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kibangamira iterambere ry’ubwonko—haba mbere, mu gihe cyo kubyara, cyangwa nyuma yo kubyara—gishobora kuba ingenzi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bitera ingaruka zirimo:

• Kwandura indwara z'ababyeyi mu gihe batwite: Nka Rubella cyangwa Chickenpox.
• Kubyara igihe kitageze: Abana bavutse mbere y'ibyumweru 37 baba bari mu kaga gakomeye.
• Ingorane zo kubyara: Kubura umwuka wa ogisijeni (asphyxia) mu gihe cyo kubyara bigoranye. Menya ko ibi bidakunze kubaho cyane nk'uko byatekerezwaga mbere.
• Kwandura indwara zo mu bwana: Nk'indwara ya meningitis iterwa na bagiteri.
• Genetike: Impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu ngirabuzimafatizo zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y'ubwonko.
• Jaundice ikomeye: Iyo bilirubine nyinshi nyuma yo kuvuka idavuwe, ishobora kwangiza ubwonko.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso kandi ni gute wabimenya?

Kubera ko indwara ya CP igira ingaruka ku mwana wese mu buryo butandukanye, ibimenyetso biratandukanye cyane. Ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo kureba ni ugutinda kugera ku ntambwe z'iterambere ry'imikurire. Ariko, wibuke ko atari ko gutinda kose kerekana ko indwara ya CP ari yo. Niba ufite impungenge, intambwe nziza ni ukugana muganga w'abana kugira ngo agusuzume. Niba ubonye ikibazo cyihutirwa, nyamuneka hamagara 911 cyangwa usure ibitaro bikwegereye ako kanya.

Ni gute CP ipimwa?

Muganga w’abana azakurikirana imikurire n’iterambere ry’umwana wawe mu gihe cyo kumusuzumisha buri gihe, akareba neza imiterere ye, imitsi ye, n’uko ahagaze.

Niba hari ikibazo, muganga wawe ashobora kohereza umwana wawe kwa muganga w’indwara z’imitsi zo mu mutwe w’abana. Kugira ngo yemeze ko arwaye, hashobora gukorwa ibizamini bikurikira:

• Ishusho y'ubwonko: Isuzuma rya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) cyangwa CT (Computed Tomography) rishobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma imiterere y'ubwonko. MRI itanga amashusho arambuye cyane.
• EEG (Electroencephalogram): Bamwe mu bana bafite CP bashobora kugira igicuri cyangwa ibisebe; iki kizamini cyandika imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko kugira ngo barebe niba hari izo ngaruka.
• Ibipimo by'amaraso : Ibi bikoreshwa mu gukuraho izindi ndwara z'uturemangingo cyangwa imikorere y'umubiri zishobora kwigana ibimenyetso bya CP.

Uburyo bwo kuvura buhari

Nubwo indwara ya CP idashobora gukira, ubuvuzi bukwiye no kuyifata neza igihe kirekire bishobora kuzamura ubuzima bw'umwana wawe cyane.Gutabara hakiri kare ni ingenzi. Itsinda ry’abahanga mu nzego zitandukanye barimo abaganga, abaganga b’imitsi, abaganga b’imitsi, n’abaganga b’imitsi bazakorana n’umuryango wawe kugira ngo bagufashe mu buryo bwuzuye.

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura:

• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri : Ni ngombwa mu kubaka imbaraga z'imitsi, kunoza ubworoherane, no kongera kuringaniza.
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Bugamije gufasha umwana wawe gukora imirimo ya buri munsi (urugero: kwambara, kurya, kwandika) ku giti cye.
• Ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga: Bufasha mu kunoza imvugo isobanutse, kumira, no gutumanaho muri rusange.
• Imiti: Ikoreshwa mu kugabanya imitsi igoramye (igabanya ububabare), ububabare, cyangwa igicuri. Hari ubwo inshinge za Botox zikoreshwa mu kuruhuka by'agateganyo imitsi ikomeretse.
• Kubaga: Kubaga amagufwa bishobora kuba ngombwa kugira ngo amagufwa akosorwe neza cyangwa kugira ngo imitsi idakira cyane.
• Imfashanyigisho zo Kugenda: Ingendo zo kugenda, imbago, amagare y'abamugaye, n'udupira twabigenewe cyangwa udupira tw'inyuma bishobora kongera cyane ubushobozi bw'umwana wawe bwo kwigenga.

Ese bishobora kwirindwa?

Nubwo indwara ya CP idashobora kwirindwa muri buri gihe, ushobora gufata ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago:

• Shyira imbere ubuzima mu gihe utwite: Menya neza ko urimo kumenya amakuru agezweho ku bijyanye n'inkingo (cyane cyane Rubella). Komeza urye neza kandi wirinde inzoga n'itabi burundu.
• Kwitabwaho buri gihe mbere yo kubyara: Kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe mu gihe cyose utwite ni ingenzi cyane.
• Kurwanya kwandura: Fata ingamba zo kwirinda kwandura indwara mu gihe utwite kandi urebe neza ko umwana wawe arinzwe nyuma yo kuvuka.
• Umutekano w'Umwana: Fata ingamba zo kwirinda imvune zo mu mutwe, nko kugenzura ahantu hatekanye kugira ngo wirinde kugwa.

Indwara zo mu bwonko, indwara zo mu mutwe, indwara z'abana, indwara z'ubwonko, gutinda mu mikurire, ubuvuzi bw'umubiri, indwara zo mu bwonko zifata imitsi